South American Journal of Herpetology, 4(3), 2009, 217-224 © 2009 Brazilian Society of Herpetology
A new species of Paratelmatobius (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) from Atlantic Rain Forest of Southeastern Brazil Paulo Christiano de Anchietta Garcia1,5, Bianca Von Müller Berneck2,3, and Carolina Ortiz Rocha da Costa4 1
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270‑901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. E‑mail:
[email protected] 2 Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Avenida 24‑A, 1515, Bela Vista, Departamento de Zoologia, I. B.; Caixa Postal 199, 13506‑900, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil. 3 Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia. Laboratório de Herpetologia. Rua Benedito Conceição, 407, 82810‑080, Curitiba, PR, Brasil. 4 Avenida Kennedy, 150, casa 21, Jardim Bela Vista, 8820‑180, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brasil. 5 Author for correspondence. Abstract. A new species of Paratelmatobius is described from Parque das Neblinas at Serra do Mar in Bertioga Municipality, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The new species, included in the P. cardosoi species group, is diagnosed by its larger size among the species of the group; tympanum visible externally; vocal slits present in males; presence of tubercles on the upper eyelid; well developed tubercle at base of mandible; dorsolateral fold developed; large black spinous nuptial pad on thumb in males; first finger longer than second; belly, ventral surface of arm and forearm, and external margin of throat blotched with orange-reddish spots. Keywords. Anura, Leptodactylidae, Paratelmatobius, vocalization, taxonomy.
Introduction The genus Paratelmatobius B. Lutz and Carvalho, 1958, endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil, currently comprises five species of small frogs allocated in two morphological species groups (Pombal and Haddad, 1999). The P. lutzii group contains P. lutzii B. Lutz and Carvalho, 1958, P. poecilo‑ gaster Giaretta and Castanho, 1990 and, P. gaigeae (Cochran 1938), and is diagnosed by the head flat, absence of vocal slits in males, dorsolateral fold well developed, first finger not longer than second, and inner side of the first toe fringed or webbed. The P. cardosoi group contains P. cardosoi Pombal and Haddad, 1999 and P. mantiqueira Pombal and Haddad, 1999, and is diagnosed by the head not flat, presence of vocal slits in males, dorsolateral fold not well developed, first finger longer than second, and inner side of the first toe not fringed or webbed (Pombal and Haddad, 1999). A new species belonging to the P. cardosoi species group was encountered at Parque das Neblinas, Bertioga Municipality, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The Parque das Neblinas is a Natural Patrimony Private Reserve (RPPN) belonging to the Ecofuturo Institute, a Non-Governmental Organization. The park consists of 1.332,82 hectares covered by Atlantic Forest with different degrees of human disturbance and clusters of eucalypt forest (Eucalyp‑ tus spp.). The region is situated between two areas
of high amphibian diversity: The Reserva Biológica de Paranapiacaba in Santo André Municipality, with 69 species (Verdade et al. in press), and Estação Biológica de Boracéia, in Salesópolis Municipality with 70 species (Heyer et al. 1990; Bertoluci and Heyer, 1995; Pimenta et al., 2007). In this paper, we describe the new species of Paratelmatobius, its tadpole and vocalization, and provide comments about taxonomy of the genus. Material and Methods Specimens examined of all five species of Paratel‑ matobius listed in Pombal and Haddad, 1999 and Zaher et al 2005, were also examined here. The following measurements of adults: SVL (snout-vent length), HL (head length), HW (head width), TD (tympanum diameter), ED (eye diameter), END (eye to nostril distance), IND (internarial distance), NSD (nostril to tip of snout distance), HAL (hand length), THL (thigh length), TL (tibia length), followed Duellman (2001) and Cei (1980); TAL (tarsal length), and FL (foot length) followed Heyer et al. (1990); AMD (distance between the anterior margins of eyes) followed Garcia et al. (2003) and FAL (forearm length) followed Duellman et al. (1997). For measurements, we used an ocular micrometer in a Motic stereomicroscope, except for SVL, HL, HW, THL, TL, TAL and FL,
New species of Paratelmatobius
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which were measured with a Mitutoyo digital caliper to the nearest 0.01 m, under a stereomicroscope. Measurements and terminology for tadpoles follow those of Lavilla and Scrocchi (1986) and Altig and McDiarmid (1999). Measurements of total length, body length, tail length, maximum body height, and maximum body width were made with a digital caliper to the nearest 0.01 mm. The remaining measurements were made under a stereomicroscope, with an ocular micrometer. All measurements are in millimeters. Drawings of the adults and tadpole were made using a stereomicroscope with a drawing tube. Call recordings were made with a Marantz PMB‑222 tape record and Audiotechnica microphone AT 835, and analyzed with the program Raven 1.4 beta for windows (Cornell Lab of Ornithology Research Program Bioacoustics Workstation). Sounds were digitalized at 44.1 kHz and audiospectrograms were produced with Fast Fourier Transform length (FFT) of 256 points, overlap 50%, and window Hamming. Results Paratelmatobius yepiranga sp. nov. (Figures 1 and 2)
with orange reddish spots; in preservative, the blotches fade to cream. Paratelmatobius yepiranga differs from P. lutzii, P. gaigeae, and P. poecilogaster by its less flat snout; tympanum visible externally, vocal slits present in males; second finger shorter than first; a well developed tubercle on base of mandible. Paratelmato‑ bius yepiranga is distinguished from P. cardosoi and P. mantiqueira by its larger size of males (males of P. cardosoi 16.1−17.9 mm SVL and males of P. man‑ tiqueira 14.4−16.7 mm SVL; Pombal and Haddad 1999). Paratelmatobius yepiranga is distinguish from P. cardosoi by a well developed dorsolateral fold (weakly developed in P. cardosoi), a well developed tubercle on base of mandible (weakly developed in P. cardosoi) and call with larger number of pulses (16−22 pulses in P. yepiranga; 7−10 pulses in P. car‑ dosoi; Cardoso and Haddad 1990), larger call duration (0.49−0.66 s in P. yepiranga; 0.07−0.13 s in P. cardo‑ soi; Pombal and Haddad 1999), and lower frequency (1.0−3.0 kHz in P. yepiranga; 1.6−4.0 kHz in P. car‑ dosoi; Pombal and Haddad 1999). Paratelmatobius yepiranga differs from P. mantiqueira, by its tip of
Holotype − MZUSP 137563, an adult male, collected at Parque das Neblinas (23°44’52”W; 46°08’30”S, 767 m elevation), Bertioga municipality, São Paulo, Brazil, on 09 September 2005 by Paulo C. A. Garcia, Bianca von Müller Berneck, and Carolina Ortiz Rocha da Costa. Paratopotypes − MZUSP 136696−136698 (adult males), collected with the holotype. Diagnosis and comparison with other species − A large species of the genus Paratelmatobius (males 20.5−22.3 mm SVL) characterized by the following combination of characters: 1) snout not flat; 2) tympanum visible externally; 3) vocal slits present; 4) presence of tubercles on the upper eyelid; 5) a largely developed tubercle at base of mandible; 6) dorsolateral fold well developed; 7) fingers free, not fringed; 8) large black spinous nuptial pad on thumb in males; 9) first finger longer than second; 9) tip of third finger pointed; 10) foot fringed, not webbed; 11) tips of the toes not dilated; 11) inner surface of the first toe not fringed; 12) flanks, posterior part of belly and surface ventral of legs rugose; 13) in life belly, ventral surface of arm and forearm, and margin of throat blotched
Figure 1. Lateral (A) and ventral (B) views of Paratelmatobius yepiranga, holotype MZUSP 137563 (Photos Magno V. Segalla).
Garcia, P. C. A. et al.
the third finger pointed (rounded in P. mantiqueira; Pombal and Haddad, 1999). Description of holotype − Body robust (Figure 1A, B); head wider than long and about 1/3of SVL; snout rounded in dorsal view, rounded to sloping in profile (Figure 2A, B); canthus rostralis distinct, slightly curved to straight; loreal region slightly concave; nostrils slightly protuberant, oval, directed dorsolaterally, nostril to tip of snout distance smaller than internarial and eye-nostril distances; eyes lateral, directed anteriorly, relatively small, diameter 28% of head length; tympanum visible externally, large, diameter 67% of eye diameter; supratympanic fold weakly developed; dorsolateral fold well developed from behind eye to inguinal region; well developed tubercle on the base of the mandible; a single, small toothlike process in front of lower jaw, with socket in between premaxillae; numerous teeth on maxilla; vomerine teeth in two small series, weakly distinct, between and behind choanae; choanae small, oval;
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tongue medium-sized; vocal slits present; vocal sac single, not expanded exteriorly; forelimbs robust; fingers short, robust, not webbed or fringed; finger lengths II
