Cu+ doped CaO P2O5 Glasses For Laser

Binary series: (CaO) x (P 2 O 5) 1-x , where 0<x<0.45, Ternary series: (Cu/Cu 2 O) x (CaO) 0.30-x (P 2 O 5) 0.70 , where x = 0.01x0.10 (x gives the content of the CaO, Cu 2 O, CuO, P 2 O 5 in mol. basis) To observed optical, structure and electrical characterization of samples between binary and ternary series in order to determining the role of transition metal (TM) ions in the basic of the phosphate glass systems and as a vital step on the road to realizing the huge potential of Copper-Calcium Phosphate glasses for laser applications. A glass is advantageous over crystalline materials for fabrication of large components and is of significance in optic and electronics as selective filters, laser elements, optical switches, fibers, etc. The multicomponent phosphate glasses have a very special optical property in high performance optics and laser technology and with a high purity phosphate, they are transparent from the deep ultraviolet to the near infrared (185 nm to 3 m), which is sufficient for a variety of optical application. These behaviors become much more interesting with the presence of transition metal ions in two different states in the glass network. In particular, cuprous and coupric ions based phosphate glasses not only serves as hopping center, but may give contribution to ionic conductivity. It is well known that a bright luminescence is emitted from Cu + doped ions in inorganic solids by UV light radiation [Simonetti et al 1977, S.A. Payne et al 1984). Recent studies have shown that these materials have potential to tunable laser [K. Tanimura et al 1985, J. D. Barrie et al, 1987]. Especially, the gain coefficient in a Cu +-doped aluminoborisilicate glass of 5  5 X 10-4 cm-1 and  1.1 X 10-3 cm have been observed at 580 and 585 nm, respectively, using the fourth harmonic of a Nd : YAG laser for excitation [G.S. Kruglig et el 1986]. However, Cu + ions have the prospensity to oxidize to the Cu 2+ state, whose charger transfer absorption in the UV region interferes with the excitation of Cu +. In general, 3d-ion lasers posses' low gain (effective cross-section e of the order of 10