FUNDAMENTALS OF DATABASE MANAEMENT SYSTEM

July 27, 2017 | Autor: Yeshwini Ramasamy | Categoria: Computer Science, Informatics, Knowledge Management, Database Systems, Computer Networks, Databases
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FP 304 DATABASE SYSTEM

1. 0 FUNDA MENTA LS OF DATABASE MANAEMENT SYSTEM

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OBJECTIVES Tankertanker Design

This topic provides an introduction to database technology and the impact of this technology on organizations. This topic also describes the three-schema architecture of database management system (DBMS).

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DATA

Data are facts about an object, thing, person, entity, event or anything similar to it.

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INFORMATION

Information is data that has been processed and are organized into a form that can be used to make decisions.

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DATABASE

The database is a collection of related data that is shared by the various categories of users to meet the requirements of an organization's information Tankertanker Design

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DBMS

A software system that enables users to define, create, and maintain the database and that provides controlled access to this database. Tankertanker Design

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Various Common Use of DBMS? Tankertanker Design

Library Hospital University Tourism Organizations Etc… Tankertanker Design

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DBMS Usage Requirement Tankertanker Design

Store Data Efficiently - minimizing waste of space Maintains Data Easily - maintain the accuration of data easily Combining The Data - easy for data to be combined User Accessible Catalog - consists of the description of the stored data and data that can be retrieved by user Tankertanker Design

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DBMS Usage Requirement Tankertanker Design

Transaction Support - supply one mechanism where it can make sure whether an update that is interrelated with transaction has occurred or not Concurrency Control Services - supply one mechanism in order to make sure the database has been updated correctly when more than one user has updated the database simultaneously. Tankertanker Design

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DBMS Usage Requirement Tankertanker Design

• Recovery Service - supply one mechanism to recover or be able to make a ‘back-up’ to the database if there is damage at any time

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Common Features of DBMSs Tankertanker Design

 Database Definition  Nonprocedural Access  Application Development  Procedural language interface  Transaction processing  Database tuning Tankertanker Design

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Database Definition Tankertanker Design

Language and graphical tools to define entities, relationships, integrity constraints, and authorization rights.

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Nonprocedural Access Tankertanker Design

Language and graphical tools to access data without complicated coding

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Application Development Tankertanker Design

Graphical tools to develop menus, data entry forms, and reports; data requirements for forms and reports are specified using nonprocedural access

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Procedural Language Interface Tankertanker Design

Language that combines nonprocedural access with full capabilities of a programming language

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Transaction Processing Tankertanker Design

Control mechanisms to prevent interference from simultaneous users and recover lost data after a failure

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Database Tuning Tankertanker Design

Tools to monitor and improve database performance

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Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS Tankertanker Design

Objective: separate each user’s view of the database from the way it is physically represented.

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EXTERNAL LEVEL / SCHEMA CONCEPTUAL LEVEL / SCHEMA INTERNAL LEVEL / SCHEMA

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Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS Tankertanker Design

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Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS Tankertanker Design

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EXTERNAL LEVEL / SCHEMA

The user’s view of the database. Consists of a number of different external views of the DB. Describes part of the DB for particular group of users. Provides a powerful and flexible security mechanism by hiding parts of the DB from certain users. The user is not aware of the existence of any attributes that are missing from the view. It permits users to access data in a way that is customized to their needs, so that the same data can be seen by different users in different ways, at the same time. Tankertanker Design

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Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS Tankertanker Design

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CONCEPTUAL LEVEL / SCHEMA

The logical structure of the entire database as seen by DBA. What data is stored in the database. The relationships among the data. Complete view of the data requirements of the organization,independent of any storage consideration. Represents:  ∀entities, attributes, relations  constraints on data  semantic information on data  security, integrity information Tankertanker Design

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Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS Tankertanker Design

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INTERNAL LEVEL / SCHEMA

 Physical representation of the DB on the computer.  How the data is stored in the database.  Physical implementation of the DB to achieve optimal run– time performance and storage space utilization. Storage space allocation for data and indexes Record description for storage Record placement Data compression, encryption

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Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS Tankertanker Design

PHYSICAL LEVEL

Managed by the OS under the direction of the DBMS.

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Client-Server Architecture of DBMS. Tankertanker Design

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Client-Server Architecture of DBMS. Tankertanker Design

A network architecture in which each computer or process on the network is either a client or a server.

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Categories of DBMS Tankertanker Design

1.Desktop Databases 2.Server Databases

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Categories of DBMS Tankertanker Design

1.Desktop Databases Desktop databases offer an inexpensive, simple solution to many less complex data storage and manipulation requirements. Earn their name by virtue of the fact that they are designed to run on “desktop” (or personal) computers.  Examples – Microsoft Access, FoxPro, FileMaker Pro, Paradox and Lotus Approach are the major players. Tankertanker Design

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Categories of DBMS Tankertanker Design

1.Desktop Databases Benefits a) Inexpensive. b) User-friendly. c) Offer web solutions

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Categories of DBMS Tankertanker Design

2. Server Databases Offer organizations the ability to manage large amounts of data efficiently and in a manner that enables many users to access and update the data simultaneously. - Examples - Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle and IBM DB2,

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Categories of DBMS Tankertanker Design

2. Server Databases Benefits a) Flexibility - can handle just about any data management problem. Available for multiple operating systems b) Powerful performance - can manage multiple high-speed processors, clustered servers, high bandwidth connectivity and fault tolerant storage technology. c) Scalability - able to gracefully handle a rapidly expanding amount of users and/or data Tankertanker Design

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