Institucionalização e desenvolvimento na Bolívia e no Paraguai

Nº 4, abril 2009

PONTO DE VISTA Pe rs pe c t iva s s obre o De s e nvol vi me nto


    







  

 
 

   

 


   


    






 
 


! 
" 
# $

%
  
  ! "# !# !$ % #& '( #)#*+* "# ,- # , *( " +!* *(" !" (* #.##,*  ! 
/01/2 #345 #   667 458  #  !#)!  #)*!(  (%!" *(!9 *( '( "  , !'(#,! *#,! ":;,*
+!*  # ,'!  *,!#)!  ,*,  ' *,"   (  #.=  ' 9""# *( , !'(#,! "# ,9# ! *(!98  !?'#?' #"# #,99#*,!#(+ # ?'## #,!(".##,=   ?',!  #.#=(#,! "  # #*( ## !'!'*(#!=>+!*A   !#( ##! #!"- # !#'#"(,O,*"# # .( # #.#!9 "  "##  4   (
+  , )&
 '! "(#, > .& #.#;,*  *,!# "#! "  "#?'""# !#!'!8J!#!*(#,!#  '( ?'#,"##) ! (" # >"#"#  (#*, ( "#*,!#!#,"#( #( #.*&# 8 9 >#,*,!#*, ,- # # #,!"  :/745 #( ?'#,! *# *#,!## > !, ;,* #)#*" # (#,!# #+"## !"- !"# #!#  *# "# *,!,'""# " *#  +!*8   *!*  " '! #,.!&(   #,!# )#*'!9#6# ?'# # # !%  )( #!  " '!#(  *#    #*'   +!* 8  # "#,* ( !#,"#  ," # ,&"#,."#+!* L* !(,$" !"##.( #*,K(*  #)#(8 # "#,!#%*$#.#"# !" *$#.#",=>8*, #?U;,*" !%9#,!# "## 8
 !! # "# '(  !#( *( ('!  ,!  "# 9#!   *, #"# '  #  *#  "# "#* > # (#(#,!=> "# +!*  , # "#,* (  *( .* !*' , (%* 6!,  F/   4V5 "# #,99# '( ,- # *#* "  =B#  "# # !!%# !># #,!# %*('( , '*,!,#,!#!, (#*, 9#.*#( # "# '    # #*&=> #  *,&=>   "#(**    *, !!''(" **!#+ !* 4'9-9# 5" 

  #99;,*"# !84
/01/ 2 #!858 #.#!("# #(#,$" , !!'=B# "#(*-!* 8 
/01/ 2 45 !' !,! ?'#, !!'=B# "#(*-!* ,>#(#('( 9& * ,* #*," @ "(#, > '*, .& #.#;,* (!# ?'# #'!(,$"#(@# !'!'=>" # % .*!" ?'," # !#(  
#"'&" 8 6,*" ,"%*""# V ," # !> #( *' 8 :,.(# # 9#.* , !#   )  I+9 #
',8/# !# #?'# *,!,!(%(99#((#',8 [- "" #.##,!# @#9'=>"*# '!""# *(-#(84""

#(A$!!ASS]]]8',8




,# #,"*" %(#(=>(#,"?'# 
 @ I+9 "& # #! @ *#,!(#$8,?',!#(Q\" "(*+  "  "   !#(  % #(#$,!#  !#," # #),"" #( *#*"#\#,!##8  ,+9# "# ,9# !(#,! ?'# *" +  (,!%( # % *& "# * #( +!*  *  % .',=>"9'(#"##*'  ?'#(&#"!"#+!*?'#*"  ' '( ?'# ,"' ! ('!"# #,99"?'##"'&(!O,*" ,"L !"#!, .(=>, *( =>"
I8(Q9""'!,!#,."# Q$B# "#"# 8 :(#=>
I9, *#'("#*% *(#,!#Q#8
99#(#,!#! .! #"#'*(*, #?U;,*"#'(* #, #!(,#" **$#.#"#*,( "+ 8!"#Q
I*(#=# #,!'((#$"# "
I  (%" ,' "
I .  #,?',!"#,",#+" #9"8   " ,"*" . (  *#,!'" , I+9    
" !; ,"*"# "# #,.#?'# *#""#?'#(#,  # #,#.*' " * *# *(#,! #*,K(* *" ,  L!(  "%*"  !#- "  9,  '( 9#& ?'# ,> *, #8 ,?',!#&#)*#"#Q\"'=> *#,!,#.#8   *+!*  *(#,!# *$"  *$,#"# 45 *,"'&' # !# '!   '( ("# #( ?'# "# #,99# (   !#(!*(#,!#  ,=> "#    


+  ,  *'C  **!#+ !*  #( (  #*#!+9#  ,  + #  "# "# #,99(#,! #*#,!#  !*'(#,!# , (%* 6!,8 :,.(#  '!   9&=> "  #*! $#-?'*"# ,!#*" " #.( ,## (9"   # #,#.* "# # ,9 ,C "'!98 .,   "  ," " :, #,  "# 1 $," (#*" !#,"#(9 !#?'#,,L(#"#*(#!"# # *,*#! ""#"#8   0 4V5 #,! ?'#  *#,- "# ,*#!#&  #( ,+9# "F9(#,! * (4F 5 #)# >+!*"*9#*,K(*8  !' ",O(* +!* , I+9 #*# &" "#9" @ #" " (, " ## #,!=> #  !"  # !(%( # # #,= "# !#  ,!  !;(* 8
"# # #*##9 "  @ *,*# > "  #9=  "#  !#*(#,!  ,!#  (',*   '( *, * ('!,*,  ?'# ##9' !) "# #9=#(( "#\8# "#('! !# ! *" #9;,* ?'#"#)(  " "# '( 9!( .!   #,!>   !#," #( 9 !  #,*'!(#,! " (,"! " ,* !"  *, ! ,9!#)!,",>. ,*,"#( #.##," '8   ,* !#=B#  #9 ! , !#)! >  ###=> " # "#,!#  '(!#( ' #?U#,!#!'#,!"'=>" #458 #.* ##,!#9'=>"!" ("#.! (*"#$#$#.#(!" *,*# !#," ." >"(*8

#'*,""!9*## "#,!# /L:' H'  '('' !#,!,""# .( '(  "(, !=>'!#&'!?'#@*'=># (#$ " ?'""# " "(, !=>8 '!# !$' *, !'!9(#,!# *(  *, #( (#  #' (,"!   !# "  !"  ,>8  ##=B# #&" ""#"# ,* *,""! .(I,*9# 4
!" :"5  6, 9#" 43:5  #  #)  *!* G#,," 6' "  "#*  # #'.',*,(#,!8 #9 #-"#"# +!*#"#,! "#9#!#*,!#?'##) !#(#((  + # #  '  +9#  *, #?U;,* +!*  * ##*,K(* 8  8%
'
 
+  

  %
8%
'

  

++
 +  


//  4V5 *,.## "#D!#*# !" E8  !#(#9'(",O(* *#,!+#!"  !#(+!* ("#," !#, B#  * #*("#!'"#(!,"   #(-!* ## #,!=> *, #  ('!!" (  ' #C    (# ( # !#  "  ##(#,!  ,> (#=(*,!,'""#""#("#(*-!*8#(%"=>"## #,!=> *, #( + #  ,  . #  ,*  " *#  "# , !!'*,&=>  ' #C  #( + #  *'C  *(#!"#  +!*  ,> *#!(   # ,!#  !,!  I+9 ?',! 
 ('",= *" "# .("# *#9#,!*(#,!#!',C+!*# #' ,* # '!" 8 # "#%('!#*#,!##)*  &,$ .')#  !#, B# 89#""# #( "'&( # '!"  ' "'&( # '!" ,# #"  " D*,!,'""#E " "#(** ## #,!!9  ,"#  C "# 
*""#(+!*, I+9 "#9" @ #) !;,* "# 9-  (9(#,!   '!,( # $-'(*,.!('!*'!'('!(  *(#)?'##,99#.(=B# "#'!,(#*,K(* !"=B# "#" '!$ !*#,!#"# # * .*" *( !!(#,!# #?'9#,!#  ("##(>  #(,##, "4/FX Q58



E
2
: (
  
   
 

   
$77E
 

#   

 
 
:
 




 


0D 


   

:O(A ( !  Q\

:O(A 45 ',,(,  

" !! ',,(,

( (# 8

(C!-P

45 ',(,   .('

Q\ 

  

F  

  


+ 


+ 
- 

"#!(#,!    

*, "  ,L(#   " !!  *( ',(, *( ,!'  Q,  (

>

>

#  " !!  *(6 !

.#*$"

( !# "# !# # (#,  \ "  9!  , ##=> ,!#8!8  6#" 
!" 
+!* 8   : 45 #)*! ?'#  , I+9  ,> #)

26


    

  *(# ( "#Q, , " + # !,! (#,!#  ?',! # "#,!# 8#9#( "# !*,"?'#,*K('! +!* "# !"    *9"#A #  ##=> # "#,* % "# '( L,* !', # # *,*"#*(##=>:,*,*"#,!# !#,";,*%?'# #*,.E?'# (   !#( !"- #( *#""#  ("#,  4F   5  % #*  *, "# ?'#   !"  "# #(#,$( .',=> (!,!#,  !#(+!*?'#%"#*, "#"  *"# *,?' !" #  (#  !" "#*"+ , ##=B#    :O( "  #'!"  #( "  ((#,!  ".##,!#    9!  !"  , (  #*#,!###=># "#,*#9!""#(%"":O( !#,"*((*#+" ,*"#(  ## !#,"#,"!%VI+9#
?'# ' .',*, "# "#(** !#*# #?'#?'#&**""#"#!'=>#9=> "#  # #.*;,* > ,!  *'*  , ,- # " '!8*!%"#.',*,""#"# !# "#,# !""#"  !(%( % '( "  .(  "# # !# "# "##  #( "  ((#,!  " !,! A 45 *( => "  , !O,*  "#*    ! %  

34


    

((#,!"*, !'=>"## #,!!9""#P#45!(""#"#* > '(#$ . ##( ?'# M # 45 #" "### #,!!9""# C-?'#'* *""> !#> ""#"#*# C  ?'# # !,>( ##9"  #?'##(( ,#8?'",!# '#@"#!ef $-   !#( ?'#+ 
+ ,((#,!"*, !!'=>" , !O,* "#*  # ?'#   
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
%(   *-!# #,"#,!#(#,!# " # 9 "  , !!'=B#  9,  !(%( # .& # #,!# , "(#, >#*,"  !#(8 ( ?'"9,"# #"# *!" # •

,@# ,",;,

• • • • •

•

• •



 ,- # "  **!#+ !*  "  !#( +!* "#?'#,C, !!'*, "    "#*  8  9  # " #  !     "9#   "#(,"  " *#""#  *, "#,"  *,*#,!=> ' " # > "# "# ,  , !!'=B# +!* 8

37


    

*,"#' #?'# , L!( ##=B# ,*,  3: # (,!#9# ## #,!" , :O( "  #'!"  4 Q\ "# *"# 58 :,!'" /#
6/," > (# ,(#,!AC',!  " *'(*#* "#\" *"# ,:O(" #'!" #,"(,!;(($#8  #)#*'=> "# #.#! #,  # "# , !'(#,!  "# "#(** "#! #*#( #(#!#   #.#!  #9#   ,!"   ,Z 4V5  ,*(#,!#,?'#!,( *'""   !#( +!* #(#=>, "9#   *,!#)! +!* #*,K(* # * 8

40


    

"0G 
6:X/  F,'#P
/F   6'".P G/ I/H  G9P N 0  [ % 4V5 . 
 8 
(
4    8
0 # 
'KL
*
M)
"! +,!#  F""8 F/ F   *!9 4V5  $   

: !  

=    "! GH /"#[,#8    G-!(PF6 : /,'.P  G,45 : !  

. 
$   

= 

5 2,""#,'#S3
8     G-!(P 3  G##8 D #.( " ## #,!=>E 4V5  ,A / 0/  6#,"P    G-!(  . 
  

> 
 "8 3GFH  I# J&,!#8 0 8#:6 :8458. 
   

= 
J 
# 
   !

>  ! 
> 

4+ 8#)!# #,!",G'(D#(**## #,99(#,!, (#*6!,E  ]]]8,#*8'#C8 I66 X  9"  /(# 4V5  

. 
*#  

J
 8
$  

N

:!#*,#*!6
&8 I :J  /#,!8 D:*""#  # !!    ! 
Q
KLN
Q
R :!# *,#*! 6
&8 :/7  [$, F8 D *,#  **',!!R ," 6#
'8

J3H/  F!$#] 45  Y  !#(  "# H#, #, (#* 6!,A G#,  R :,!#  #,',#"#H&*,Y ,AG6/04 
(
4+ 8 
,!"# ! , 8  #!#(8 ,& 3G/[8 .  

 


0! ! 

 !
  &


,!"# ! , 8