Portuguese photographic press around 1884- 1914

From the photographic to the Illustrated press.
Portugal 1885 - 1918

Nuno Pinheiro
CEHC/IUL









Greater number of images
New kind of press photography
Political action photography
Hi society photography
Life in the streets of Lisbon and other towns
Scientific images
Interested in amateur photographers and its activity


New Illustrated Press

From the beginning of 20th century there is a new illustrated press:

Illustração Portuguesa
Serões
….

Contests and exhibitions for amateurs
Advertising for photographic business





General illustrated magazines replaced amateur photographers journals as they were able to address to a wider audience with XXth Century photography's democratization
They presented more photography in a modern way while keeping a place for amateur photographers
Press photographers (Benoliel et. all.) where not previously published in amateurs journals

Both journals presented photography in a similar way, with similar contents even if with great changes in photography's market in the late 1880's and 1890's, they both belong to the XIX th Century way of doing magazines with few reproduced photographs
Both journals had na aesthetical point of view which they tried do pass to readers, however it changed from the naturalism in Arte Photographica to pictorialism in Boletim Photographico
Most photographs in both journals have a bucolic aesthetic, so common in 19 th century Portugal, however Boletim Photographico images have a greater theme variety
Portuguese society had gone through political unrest from 1890 and Boletim Photographico does show a little of that unrest, but it may have happened as they were based in the political centre of the country
Changes in photographic practice are clearly displayed in advertising with shops and supplies for amateur photographers
Lisbon is a city with a greater French influence, Oporto with a greater British influence, however in both journals France was the biggest influence. German influence was a bit higher than expected, and the influent country was Spain.









Trying to have o Portuguese Photo Industry







Arte Phographica
Oporto 1884-1885
published by Photographia Moderna (portrait studio)
Purpose
Show the way of photographic art, from 1813, with the help of the most advanced process
Contents
Chemical formulae
Twelve lessons in elementary photographic chemistry
Other technical texts
List of publications in several languages (journals and books)
Few images




Journals titles and dates
Arte Photographica –1884-85- Oporto
Boletim da Academia Portuguesa dos Amadores Photographicos – 1887
Boletim do Grémio dos Amadores Photographicos – 1890-1892
Boletim do Photo-Velo Club – 1899 - Oporto
Boletim Photographico – 1900-1907 and 1914
Echo Photographico -1906-1913
Photorevista -1908 (single issue)
Arte Photographica – 1915-1918


Amateur Photographers Journals
Short lived
Most depend from photographic commerce, some from associations
Showed the work of amateur, professionals and foreign photographers
Some photographers appear in several publications



How did amateurs photographers journals contribute to Portuguese photography
What international influences do they show
What were their contents
What kind of photography did they presented
How do they relate to the general illustrated press

List of publications (1884)
Journals
French (7 – 5 France; 2 Belgium)
English (9 – 3 UK; 6 US)
Danish (1)
Dutch (1)
Italian (1)
German (7 – 5 Germany; 2 Austria)
Russian (1) – (in French?)
Anuals from France; Austria; Britain (2) US


Photographic Societies
France (6)
Belgium (1)
Netherlands (1)
Britain (22)
Austria (1)
Germany (12)
Italy (1)
Russia (1)
Switzerland (1)
USA (7)
Asia (India) 1






Books
Portuguese (2)
French (174)
English (15)
German (38)
Russian (6) (actually none of the titles is in Russian)
Italian (5)
Spanish (3)

Includes a large number of translations
Boletim Photographico – 1900-1907 (and 1914)
Most part of the journal used on technical issues
The camera gained importance
Limited number of printed images (photo engraving)
Most images not too different from Arte Photographica
Advocated pictorialism, showing in images by Puyo
Advertising for shops, hardware and supplies
Cheapper than Arte Photographica (150 $000 instead of 200 $000)

International references to
Arte Photographica
Anthony's Photographic Bulletin
Moniteur de la Photographie
Photographic News - Baden Pritchard
Bulletin Belge de la Photographie
Philadelphia Photographer




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