A census return from Hermopolis from AD 189

PAPYROLOGICAL TEXTS IN HONOR OF ROGER S. BAGNALL

Edited by Rodney Ast, Hélène Cuvigny, Todd M. Hickey, and Julia Lougovaya

THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PAPYROLOGISTS DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA

Papyrological Texts in Honor of Roger S. Bagnall Edited by Rodney Ast, Hélène Cuvigny, Todd M. Hickey, and Julia Lougovaya

© 2012 The American Society of Papyrologists

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Papyrological texts in honor of Roger S. Bagnall / edited by Rodney Ast, Hélène Cuvigny, Todd M. Hickey, and Julia Lougovaya. pages cm. -- (American Studies in Papyrology ; volume 53) ISBN 978-0-9799758-6-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 0-9799758-6-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Manuscripts, Classical (Papyri) 2. Classical literature--Criticism, Textual. 3. Classical languages--Texts. I. Ast, Rodney. II. Cuvigny, Hélène. III. Hickey, Todd Michael. IV. Lougovaya, Julia. V. Bagnall, Roger S. PA3339.P37 2012 930--dc23 2012038169

TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORS’ PREFACE APPRECIATION (by Deborah W. Hobson) TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF PAPYRI 1

Frammento medico con elenco di sintomi

v vii ix xii 1

Isabella Andorlini 2

Schedule of Work Days

9

Rodney Ast 3 4 5

Remains of an agnitio bonorum possessionis: P.Duk. inv. 466 Jean-Jacques Aubert Gemellos and His Animal Farm: Full Edition of P.Fay. 253 descr. Giuseppina Azzarello and Fabian Reiter Versione in greco di un testamento romano

17 21 31

Guido Bastianini 6

Récupération d’outils de briquetiers

37

Jean Bingen † 7

Letter about Court Proceedings and Agricultural Matters

41

Alan K. Bowman 8

Translation of a Letter of the praefectus Aegypti

47

Adam Bülow-Jacobsen 9

A Ptolemaic Register of Unused Land in the Arsinoite Nome

53

Willy Clarysse 10

A List of Words of Christian Origin from the Kelsey Museum

Raffaella Cribiore 11–12 Conductor praesidii Hélène Cuvigny P.Qasr Ibrim inv. 80/1: A Testimony to Zenodotos’ Edition of the Iliad? Tomasz Derda and Adam Łajtar 14–25 Neue Dokumente zur Salzsteuer in Elephantine 13

61 67 75 79

Ruth Duttenhöfer 26

27 28

Le poète Dioscore d’Aphrodité à l’œuvre : une première version de P.Aphrod.Lit. IV 18, enkômion d’adventus du duc Kallinikos

97

Jean-Luc Fournet Plainte au praeses Simplicius Jean Gascou

107

Register of Requisitions

115

Nikolaos Gonis 29–31 Drei dokumentarische Papyri aus der Hamburger Sammlung Dieter Hagedorn und Bärbel Kramer

119

Table of Contents 32

Report under Oath to Apollonios the Strategos: P.CtYBR inv. 4079

133

Ann Ellis Hanson 33 34

A Labor Contract for a pronoētēs (P.Lond. inv. 2219) Todd M. Hickey and James G. Keenan Maternal Division of Housed Property near the Temples of Memphis

141 149

Francisca A. J. Hoogendijk 35

P.Cornell inv. 69 Revisited: A Collection of Geometrical Problems

159

Alexander Jones 36

Beeidete Erklärung über die Umbuchung adärierter Naubien

177

Andrea Jördens 37

New Epigrams

187

Julia Lougovaya 38

Copy of a Census Declaration from Oxyrhynchus

191

AnneMarie Luijendijk 39

Coptic Letter

197

Leslie S. B. MacCoull 40

Invocation

201

Alain Martin 41

Grammatical Text: A Treatise on the Declension of Nouns

203

Kathleen McNamee 42

Rules of an Association of Soknebtunis

209

Andrew Monson 43

A Fourth-Century Inventory of Columns and the Late Roman Building Industry

215

Arietta Papaconstantinou 44

Brief über kirchliche Angelegenheiten

233

Amphilochios Papathomas 45

Rapporto allo stratego (MS 1802/38)

241

Rosario Pintaudi 46 47

A Reconstructed Land Survey from Kerkeosiris Dominic Rathbone, Dorothy J. Thompson, and Arthur Verhoogt A Draft of a Rider to a Cession Contract

243 267

David M. Ratzan 48

A New Fragment of a Techne grammatike (P.Mich. inv. 30)

277

Timothy Renner 49

O.BM EA 20300: In Search of the Latest Dated Demotic Ostrakon

285

Tonio Sebastian Richter 50

Letter from Philotas to His Brother Dioscourides: Philotas, a Black Sheep in a High-Class Family?

291

Cornelia Römer 51

List of the Parts of the Forearm and Hand

295

Paul Schubert 52

Order for Delivery of Wheat and Lentils

299

Jennifer Sheridan Moss

x

Table of Contents 53

An Arabic Land Lease from Ṭuṭun̅

301

Petra M. Sijpesteijn 54

Payment Record

307

Timothy Teeter 55

Letter from Theophanes to Anysios

311

J. David Thomas 56

A Census Return from Hermopolis from AD 189

317

57

Peter van Minnen A Saite Book of the Dead Fragment in the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology Terry G. Wilfong

325

58–69 Greek Ostraka from the Mut Precinct, South Karnak Klaas A. Worp, with a preface by Richard Fazzini 70 P.Col. inv. 33r and the Processing of Data in Early Roman Egypt

331 349

Uri Yiftach-Firanko

INDICES A. Greek Non-Documentary Texts B. Greek Documentary Texts I. Rulers II. Consuls III. Indictions and Eras IV. Months and Days V. Dates VI. Personal Names VII. Geographical VIII. Religion IX. Official and Military Terms and Titles Χ. Professions, Trades and Occupations XI. Measures and Money XII. Taxes XIII. General Index of Words C. Latin Documentary Text I. Personal Names II. Geographical III. Official and Military Terms and Titles IV. General Index of Words

355 360

378

xi

LIST OF TEXTS

*

Non-Documentary 57

Saite Book of the Dead

T. G. Wilfong

ca. 630 BCE

Western Thebes 325

37

Epigrams

J. Lougovaya

mid II BCE

Arsinoites (?)

187

13

Homeric Quotation

T. Derda and A. Łajtar 22–21 BCE (?)

Qasr Ibrim

75

64

School Text (?)

K. A. Worp

late I–early II

Thebes (South Karnak)

341

1

Frammento medico

I. Andorlini

I–II

ignota

1

35

Geometrical Problems

A. Jones

II

unknown

159

41

Grammatical Text

K. McNamee

II

unknown

203

51

Lexicographical Text

P. Schubert

III

unknown

295

48

Grammatical Text

T. Renner

III–IV

unknown

277

10

School Text

R. Cribiore

IV

Thebes (?)

61

26

Enkômion d’adventus du duc Kallinikos

J.-L. Fournet

567 ou 568

Aphrodité

97

R. Duttenhöfer

18.6.251 (14); Elephantine 11.7.251 (15); 2.12.247 (16); 21.12.245 (17); 5.7.223 (18); 14.3.222 (19); 18.3.222 (20); 8.5.221 (21); 15.4.–14.5.219 (22); 1.7.217 (23); 4.3.211 (24); 212–211 (25) (sämtlich v.Chr.)

85

Documentary 14–25

Quittungen für Salzsteuer,

Myropsike und Syeniton logeia

42

Rules of an Association

A. Monson

ca. 250–210 BCE

Tebtunis

209

9

Register of Unproductive Land

W. Clarysse

early II BCE

Arsinoite

53

46

Land Survey

D. Rathbone, D. J. Thompson, A. Verhoogt

119 BCE, September Kerkeosiris

243

50

Private Letter

C. Römer

II BCE, July–early September

unknown

291

67

Contract (?)

K. A. Worp

ca. 10/11

Thebes (South Karnak)

346

*

All dates are CE unless otherwise indicated.

List of Texts 58–63, Tax Receipts (for Bath, 65–66 Dyke and Poll Taxes)

K. A. Worp

22.8.29 (58); Thebes (South 1.6.34 (59); late Karnak) I BCE–early I (60); 1.5.22 (61); 9.4.23 (62); 23/24 (63); 19 or 20 or 23.2.127 (65); 130–150 (66);

334

6

Récupération d’outils de briquetiers

J. Bingen†

vers la 2e m. du Ier s. Arsinoïte (?)

37

11

Reçu pour des marsippoi

H. Cuvigny

24 juillet 96

Xèron

68

68–69

Descripta

K. A. Worp

I (?)

Thebes (South Karnak)

347

4

Account of Oxen

G. Azzarello and F. Reiter

late I–early II

Fayum

21

47

Rider to a Cession Contract D. M. Ratzan

I–II

Oxyrhynchite

267

49

Acknowledgements of Debt T. S. Richter

I–II

Theban area (?) 285

34

Property Division

F. A. J. Hoogendijk

I–II

Memphis

149

12

Lettre d’une femme

H. Cuvigny

115–130

Xèron

70

32

Report to the strategos

A. E. Hanson

ca. 116/117

Apollonopolite Heptakomias

133

Auszug aus einem

D. Hagedorn and B. Kramer

nach 138

Ptolemais Euergetis

128

31

diastroma 30

Penthemeros-Quittung

D. Hagedorn and B. Kramer

26. Juni 158

Theadelphia

126

38

Census Declaration

A. Luijendijk

174 (?)

Oxyrhynchus

191

8

Translation of a Letter of the praefectus Aegypti

A. Bülow-Jacobsen

186–187

Mons Claudianus

47

56

Census Return

P. van Minnen

189

Hermopolis

317

29

Bericht über einen Gefangenentransport

D. Hagedorn and B. Kramer

Ende II. / Anf. III. Jh. Diopolites 119 (vor 212) parvus (Thebais)

7

Private Letter about Court Proceedings

A. K. Bowman

II/III (?)

3

Agnitio bonorum possessionis

J.-J. Aubert

212 or later (perhaps Oxyrhynchus 239)

17

5

Frammento di testamento

G. Bastianini

28.9.213

Ossirinco

31

45

Rapporto allo stratego

R. Pintaudi

27/28 nov.–26/27 dic., 229–234

Ossirinco

241

70

Register of Letters

U. Yiftach-Firanko

6.–25.5.232

Arsinoitês

349

55

Letter from the Theophanes J. D. Thomas Archive

early IV

Hermopolis

311

xiii

Arsinoite Nome (?)

41

List of Texts 43

Inventory of Columns

A. Papaconstantinou

second quarter of IV Arsinoe or or later Oxyrhynchus

215

36

Beeidete Erklärung über die Umbuchung adärierter Naubien

A. Jördens

347

Oxyrhynchos

177

27

Plainte au praeses

J. Gascou

vers 397–398

Hermopolis

107

52

Order for Delivery

J. Sheridan Moss

late IV

unknown

299

2

Work Schedule

R. Ast

IV (?)

Oxyrhynchite

9

33

Labor Contract for a pronoētēs

T. M. Hickey and J. G. Keenan

June 11, 496

Oxyrhynchus

141

54

Record of Payment

T. Teeter

VI–VII

unknown

307

44

Brief über kirchliche Angelegenheiten

A. Papathomas

VI–VII

unbekannt

233

39

Coptic Letter

L. S. B. MacCoull

VII (?) e

Middle Egypt (?) 197 e

40

Invocation

A. Martin

2 m. du VII s. ou début du VIIIe s.

Fayoum

201

28

Register of Requisitions

N. Gonis

early VIII

Aphrodito

115

53

Arabic Lease of Land

P. M. Sijpesteijn

24.7–23.8.860

Fayum

301

xiv

56. A Census Return from Hermopolis from AD 189 Peter van Minnen P.Lond. 923 (6) Hermopolis

24 x 12.5 cm

189

P.Lond. 923 (6) consists of two joining fragments. They are currently separated in their frame, but if joined the papyrus would be ca. 24 cm high and 12.5 cm wide. The left margin is broken off; the other margins are preserved in part. P.Lond. 923 (6) is kept with other unpublished papyri from the same archive, including epikrisis documents for the sons mentioned in the text. These contain excerpts from P.Lond. 923 (6) (lines 13–21, here indented in part) and help establish the readings. I read the text from a microfilm and collated my transcription with the original in the British Library, where I also collated my transcriptions of the epikrisis documents.1 P.Lond. 923 (6) is an original. The main text (lines 1–28) and the subscription of the homeowner (lines 30–31) consist mainly of individually formed “uncials.” The subscription of the amphodogrammateus acknowledging the receipt of another copy (“exemplar”) of the census declaration (lines 30–31) is much less attractive. The subscription of the declarant, Hermaios alias Pathotes, written for him by someone else (lines 29–30), is much more cursive. Three census declarations of his children Hermeinos alias Moros, Theognostos alias Moros, and Dioskorous (P.Lond. III 935 and 936 of AD 217 and 946 of AD 231) have been known for a long time. Of these only P.Lond. III 946 is subscribed, by Theognostos alias Moros in his own hand. The archive from which all these documents derive is commonly known as the archive of Theognostos, the youngest brother. It consists of ca. 15 published and about a dozen unpublished documents, some of which have already been mentioned in earlier discussions of the archive.2 As two of the other census declarations in the archive, P.Lond. III 935 and 936, this one is addressed to the amphodogrammateis of one of the four major divisions of Hermopolis, the City East, where the family lives (lines 8–11) and the declarant, Hermaios alias Pathotes, is registered (line 4). It is remarkable that the family, six strong, lives in rented living quarters described as one twelfth of a house (lines 10–11), especially in view of the seemingly more prosperous living arrangements attested by later documents in the archive. Less remarkable is the fact that the owner of the house subscribes as well, approving the tenant’s census declaration, which is found more often. The house in which the family lives is located not just in one of the four major divisions of Hermopolis, the City East, but more precisely in the 17th amphodon there (line 11). Numbered amphoda are not quite new, as they are known for other metropoleis in Roman Egypt, but for Hermopolis it has not always been clearly recognized. It occurs in several texts, from the archive and elsewhere, published and unpublished. The unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive occasionally expand the number and the following siglum found in originals unequivocally as amphodon.3 In the Citadel West the amphodon with the highest number securely attested is the 24th (P.Lond. III 955.6 of AD 261). P.Stras. V 363.9 1

Somewhat belatedly I would like to thank T. S. Pattie for the permission to publish the unpublished papyri from the Theognostos archive, P.Lond. 923 and 947, each in multiple frames containing multiple papyri. 2 P. J. Sijpesteijn, “Theognostos alias Moros and His Family,” ZPE 76 (1989) 213–218, and P. van Minnen, “Theognostos en de bokser Hermeinos. Van een broer, een zus en een zwaargewicht,” in P. W. Pestman (ed.), Familiearchieven uit het land van Pharao (Zutphen 1989) 107–133. Shortly after these discussions were published, I recognized most of the fragments catalogued as P.Lond. 923 as belonging to the archive as well. I reported the occurrence of rhemboi in the unpublished epikrisis documents as a separate category among the privileged population of Hermopolis in P. van Minnen, “Αἱ ἀπὸ γυμνασίου: ‘Greek’ Women and the Greek ‘Elite’ in the Metropoleis of Roman Egypt,” in H. Melaerts and L. Mooren (eds.), Le Rôle et le statut de la femme en Égypte hellénistique, romaine et byzantine (Leuven 2002) 337–353 at 345, n. 19. 3 I pointed this out earlier in P. van Minnen, “Eine Steuerliste aus Hermupolis. Neuedition von SPP XX 40 + 48,” Tyche 6 (1991) 121–129 at 126.

318

Peter van Minnen

of AD 146/7 mentions a 28th amphodon in the City West(?). The 17th amphodon in P.Lond. 923 (6) has the highest number attested for the City East. The census data in P.Lond. 923 (6) are included as 187-Hm-1 in Bagnall and Frier’s The Demography of Roman Egypt from an earlier transcript of mine.4 Below I have corrected the ages for Hermaios alias Pathotes (48 instead of 47) and his wife Souerous (52 instead of 51), both in a lacuna, not because of secure attestations of their age in unpublished excerpts of this census declaration, but to bring them in line with their ages in unpublished excerpts of earlier census declarations where they are 6(?), 20, and 34 and [10], 24, and 38 years old respectively. According to Bagnall and Frier, this and the other census declarations from the archive are remarkable for several reasons: the one here is the most heavily restored in their database (p. 39, n. 24); the arguable omission here of a daughter, Dioskorous, who is 30 years old in AD 217 and 44 years old in AD 231, and who would have been 2 years old in AD 189, the date of this census declaration (p. 41); the occurrence of the oldest mother on record to have given birth in Roman Egypt (p. 43); and the consistency of the ages reported from census to census (p. 43). The last-mentioned point is not surprising: the family kept copies of their census declarations, which were used for the next census, where the ages reported would be automatically increased by 14. With regard to the first point: if this is indeed the most heavily restored census declaration in Bagnall and Frier’s database, the quality of their data in general must be very high indeed. As I indicate in the line notes, the restorations are almost all based on attestations in unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive. The second and third points deserve a more elaborate discussion. Bagnall and Frier report the age of the daughter in this census declaration ([ . . . ]dora) as 0. This will not do. Line 21 clearly states that she was 1 year old in the year preceding the census declaration. To bring her reported age in line with the ages given for the other family members, we should add, not subtract, one year: [ . . . ]dora was 2 years old in AD 189, and I have supplied this in the lacuna at the end of line 21. N. Kruit5 has shown that the ages reported in the census declarations and related documents are inclusive and that no one (with the exception of the daughter here)6 is reported as being 1 year old in the census year itself (they are either one year old in the year following the census, when the declaration was made, or two years old). In the year when this census declaration was made (AD 189), [ . . . ]dora was “in her 2nd year” in our system. Unfortunately, Bagnall and Frier mix inclusive ages from the census declarations with ages in our system throughout their book. For most of it, I suppose, this matters little, but for the youngest children their data are consistently off. The daughter here ([ . . . ]dora) is the same age as Dioskorous, a daughter reported in two other census declarations in the archive, would have been in AD 189. Bagnall and Frier (p. 41, n. 33) provide two ways to account for this: the daughter here is really the same as Dioskorous, or Dioskorous was born afterwards but took the other daughter’s place, presumably when that daughter died ([ . . . ]dora is never mentioned as such in other documents from the archive). The first implies a name change (cf. a similar case in the note to line 3), but not a mistake in the age reported. The second would make the mother, Souerous, who is 50 years older than the daughter ([ . . . ]dora) in this census declaration, bear yet another daughter (Dioskorous) in AD 189/90 at the earliest (assuming two years minimum between births), at age 52 or rather “in her 52nd year” in our system. Either way, an unpublished declaration of birth from

4

R. S. Bagnall and B. W. Frier, The Demography of Roman Egypt (Cambridge 1994, reprinted with a supplement 2006). The three other census declarations from the archive are included there as 215-Hm-1, 215-Hm-2, and 229-Hm-1. 5 N. Kruit, “Age Reckoning in Hellenistic Egypt: The Evidence of Declarations of Birth, Excerpts from the Ephebe Registers, and Census Returns,” in A. M. F. W. Verhoogt and S. P. Vleeming (eds.), The Two Faces of Graeco-Roman Egypt: Greek and Demotic Texts and Studies Presented to P. W. Pestman (Leiden, Boston, and Köln 1998) 37–58. 6 Kruit (see n. 5 above) 50 mentions the possibility that the daughter actually died in the census year. In that case it would make no sense to list her at all. It is also incompatible with the reading (see the note to line 21).

56. A Census Return from Hermopolis from AD 189

319

August AD 234 (the unpublished P.Lond. 947 (1) k + m)7 in combination with a wet nursing contract from AD 234/5 (the unpublished P.Lond. 947 (2) c, together with a copy, the unpublished P.Lond. 947 (1) l)8 suggests that Dioskorous followed in her mother’s footsteps: since the son mentioned in these two texts, Hermaios, was presumably born in the summer of AD 234, his mother Dioskorous was “in her 47th year” or alternatively “in her 45th year” when he was born. However this may be, between the birth of Hermaios and his maternal grandmother Souerous almost a century (96 years to be exact) had lapsed. Such a time gap is unique in the papyri and most unusual on any count. →

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

7

[ἀμφο]δ̣[ο]γ̣ρα(μματεῦσι) Πόλ(εως) Ἀπη[λ(ιώτου)] vacat [παρὰ] Ἑ̣ρμαίου το[ῦ καὶ Πα]θ̣ώτ̣ου Ἀχ̣ιλλέω̣[ς] [τοῦ Ἑρ]μαίου μη[τ(ρὸς) Εὐδαι]μ̣ονίδο̣ς τῆς κ(αὶ) Τισ̣ό̣[ιτος] [Νεάρχ]ου Ἑρμοπ(ολίτου) ἀπὸ γ̣[υ(μνασίου) ἀναγ]ρ̣α̣(φομένου) ἐπὶ Πόλ(εως) Ἀπηλ(ιώτου). ἀπ̣ο[γρά(φομαι) κα-] [τὰ τὰ] κ̣ελευσθέντα̣ [ὑπὸ] Α̣ὐ̣ρη̣λ̣ίου Οὐηρι̣α̣[νοῦ] [τοῦ ἡ]γ̣εμονεύσα[ντο]ς ε̣ἰς τ̣[ὴ]ν κ[α]τ’ οἰ̣κία̣[ν] [ἀπογρα(φὴν)] τοῦ κη (ἔτους) Αὐρηλ[ίου] Κο̣μμ[ό]δ[ο]υ̣ Ἀντων̣[ίν]ο̣υ [Καίσα]ρ̣ος τοῦ κυρίο[υ] ε̣ἰ̣[ς] στ̣αθμ̣ὸν Ἀ̣μμων̣ί̣[ο]υ [Ἀνου]β̣ίωνος Πετῆ[το]ς τοῦ̣ Ψ̣εναμούνιος κ̣α̣[ὶ] ὡ̣ς̣ [χρη]μ̣ατείζει ἀναγρ̣α(φομένου) ἐπὶ Π̣[ό]λ(εως) Ἀπηλ(ιώτου) ι̅β̅ μέρου̣ς ο̣ἰ[κίας καὶ] αὐλ(ῆς) καὶ ἀνηκ(όντων) ἐπ̣[ὶ] Π̣[ό]λ(εως) Ἀπηλ(ιώτου) ιζ̅ ἀμ(φόδου) παρόντος καὶ ε̣ὐ[δοκοῦ]ν̣τος τῇδε ἀπο̣[γρα(φῇ) ἐμ]ὲ̣ α̣(ὐτὸν) καὶ τοὺς ἐμ[ούς·] [Ἑ]ρμαῖον τ̣[ὸν καὶ Πα]θώτ̣ην ἀπὸ γυ(μνασίου) (ἐτῶν) [μη] Ἑρμεῖνο̣[ν τὸν κα]ὶ̣ Μῶ[ρ]ον υ[ἱ]όν μου ἐκ [μη]τ(ρὸς) Σο̣υεροῦ[τος Κάσ]τ̣ο̣ρ̣ος ἀπ̣ὸ̣ γυ(μνασίου) (ἐτῶν) [κ]α̣ Ἰσίδωρο[ν ἄλλ]ον μ̣[η]τ̣(ρὸς) τῆς α(ὐτῆς) ἀπὸ γυ(μνασίου) [ἀ(φήλικα) κη] (ἔτει) (ἐτῶν) ιγ Θεόγ̣[νωστον τ]ὸ̣ν̣ κα̣ὶ̣ Μῶρον ἄλ(λον) μ[ητ(ρὸς) τῆ]ς̣ α̣(ὐτῆς) ἀπὸ [γυ(μνασίου) ἀ(φήλικα) κη] (ἔτει) (ἐτῶν) [η] [γυ(ναικῶν) Σου]εροῦ[ν Κάστορος] ἀ̣π̣ὸ γυ(μνασίου) γυ̣ναῖκ[α (ἐτῶν) νβ] [ ̣ ̣ ̣ ]δώραν [θυγ(ατέρα) ἡμῶν] ἀπὸ̣ γυ(μνασίου) (ἐνιαύσιον) κη (ἔτει) [(ἐτῶν) β] [καὶ ὀμν]ύω τὴ[ν Αὐρηλίου Κομ]μόδου Ἀ̣[ντωνίνου] [Καίσαρο]ς̣ τοῦ κυρ̣[ίου τύχ]ην̣ ο̣ὕ̣τ̣ως̣ ἔχειν̣. (ἔ̣̣τ̣ο̣υ̣ς̣) [κθ] [Αὐτοκρ]άτορος Κ̣[αίσαρος] Μ̣άρκ̣ου̣ Αὐρηλίου̣ [Κομμ]όδου Ἀ[ντωνί]ν̣ου̣ Εὐ̣σεβοῦς Εὐτ̣[υχοῦς] [Σεβασ]τ̣οῦ Ἀρμ[ενιακοῦ] Μ̣η̣δ̣ι̣κοῦ Παρ̣[θικοῦ] [Σαρμα]τ̣ικο̣ῦ̣ Γ̣ε̣[ρμανικοῦ Μεγί]σ̣του [Βρετ]α̣ννικοῦ Μ[ε ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ day. (2nd hand) Ἑρμαῖος] ὁ̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ Π̣[αθώτης] [Ἀχι]λλέως ἐπιδέ̣δ̣[ωκα κ]α̣ὶ̣ [ὤμοσα τὸν ὅρκ]ο̣ν.̣ Ἀχ[ι]λ̣λ̣ε̣[ὺς ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ ]

Sijpesteijn (see n. 2 above) 217–218 listed this text as a and b; readings reported in BL IX, 135. Sijpesteijn (see n. 2 above) 218 listed one of these texts as d and mentioned the other in n. 23; readings reported in BL IX, 135 I intend to publish both of them shortly elsewhere. 8

320

Peter van Minnen [ἔγρα(ψα) ὑπ(ὲρ)] α̣(ὐτοῦ) μὴ εἰδ(ότος) γρά(μματα). (3rd hand) Ἀμ[μώ]νι̣[ος Ἀ]ν[ου]β̣ίωνος ε[ὐδο-] [κῶ.] (4th hand) Π̣λουτίων ἔσχ[ον] ἴ̣σο̣[ν.] ——— ——[——]——————— 10 l. χρηματίζει

16 ϊσιδωρον

To the amphodogrammateis of the East City from Hermaios alias Pathotes son of Achilleus grandson of Hermaios, whose mother is Eudaimonis alias Tisoïs daughter 4of Nearchos, citizen of Hermopolis, belonging to the gymnasial order, registered in the East City. I declare, in accordance with the orders of Aurelius Verianus the former prefect for the houseto-house census of the 28th year of Aurelius Commodus Antoninus 8Caesar the lord, (the occupants) of living quarters belonging to Ammonios son of Anoubion Petes grandson of Psenamounis or whatever his official name is, registered in the East City, (the living quarters) consisting of 1⁄12th of a house and courtyard and appurtenances in the 17th amphodon of the East City, in the presence (of the homeowner) who also approves 12this declaration, (the occupants being) myself and my family: –Hermaios alias Pathotes, belonging to the gymnasial class, in my 48th year; –Hermeinos alias Moros, my son by Souerous daughter of Kastor, belonging to the gymnasial class, in his 21st year; 16 –Isidoros, another son with the same mother, belonging to the gymnasial class, a minor in the 28th year, in his 13th year; –Theognostos alias Moros, another son with the same mother, belonging to the gymnasial class, a minor in the 28th year, in his 8th year; 20 in the category women: –Souerous daughter of Kastor, belonging to the gymnasial class, my wife, in her 52nd year; –[ . . . ]dora, our daughter, belonging to the gymnasial class, born in the 28th year, in her 2nd year; and I swear an oath by the genius of Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Caesar the lord that it is so. The 29th year of Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus Pius Felix Augustus Armeniacus Medicus Parthicus Sarmaticus Germanicus Maximus 28Britannicus, Me[ . . . . ] (day). (Subscription of the declarant) I, Hermaios alias Pathotes son of Achilleus, have filed (this census declaration), and I have sworn the oath. I, Achilleus son of [ . . . . ], wrote for him because he cannot write. (Subscription of the homeowner) I, Ammonios son of Anoubion, approve. (Subscription of the amphodogrammateus) I, Ploution, received a copy. 3

4 8

Τισ̣ό̣[ιτος]: the reading is confirmed by the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive. As often, the double names are related in that both Eudaimonis and Tisoïs refer to Shaï, the Egyptian god of fate or good fortune. See J. Quaegebeur, Le Dieu égyptien Shaï dans la religion et l’onomastique (Leuven 1975), and, e.g., P. van Minnen, “A Change of Names in Roman Egypt after A.D. 202? A Note on P.Amst. I 72,” ZPE 62 (1986) 87–92 at 91. In excerpts of the earliest census declarations Eudaimonis alias Tisoïs is just called Tisoïs. [Νεάρχ]ου: the name of the maternal grandfather is supplied from unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive. στ̣αθμ̣όν: the use of this word in census declarations is rare, but it is also implied by their use of the word σταθμοῦχος for the homeowner, especially in Memphis, e.g. in P.Rain.Cent. 59 of AD 160 (in less formal contexts the word σταθμοῦχος is on record for Alexandria and Antinoopolis). The word σταθμός has a distinctly archaic, Hellenistic ring to it. Cf. G. Husson, Oikia. Le Vocabulaire de la maison privée en Égypte d’après les papyrus grecs (Paris 1983) 256.

56. A Census Return from Hermopolis from AD 189

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The word σταθμός occurs in census declarations from Hermopolis otherwise for rented living quarters (1⁄6th of a house) only in P.Hamb. I 60 of AD 90, where the homeowner is a woman. It is used for living quarters owned by various members of the family in two other census declarations from the archive, P.Lond. III 935 and 936. For an unclear case of σταθμός from the capital of the Arsinoite nome see BGU XI 2086.30 of AD 234/5. For an occurrence of σταθμός in a declaration of birth from Oxyrhynchus see P.Oxy. LXV 4489 of AD 297. 8–9 The name of the owner here, Ἀ̣μμων̣ί̣[ο]υ [Ἀνου]β̣ίωνος Πετῆ[το]ς τοῦ̣ Ψ̣εναμούνιος, is considerably longer than the name he gives himself in line 30. If Πετῆ[το]ς is supposed to be the father of Anoubion, τοῦ should have preceded it, and in that case the mention of the father of Petes would not be necessary. I suspect that Petes is an alias of Anoubion, and that τοῦ here introduces the grandfather, as usual in texts from Hermopolis. 9 [Ἀνου]β̣ίωνος: tentatively read with the help of line 30, where the beta is likewise uncertain, but the second letter is a nu. Πετῆ[το]ς: I prefer this over Πετή[σιο]ς for reasons of space. Both names occur only once in papyri from Hermopolis, Petes in AD 109 (P.Amh. II 95: son of Petosiris) and Petesis in AD 381 (P.Lips. I 28: father of Silvanus). 10 κ̣α̣[ὶ] ὡ̣ς̣ [χρη]μ̣ατείζει: on this formula, only attested for the Roman period, see most recently Y. Broux, S. Coussement, and M. Depauw, “Καὶ ὡς χρηματίζει and the Importance of Naming in Roman Egypt,” ZPE 174 (2010) 159–166. ι̅β̅ μέρου̣ς: this seems a rather small fraction of a house for a family to live in, but the size of the house is unknown. The smallest fractions on record are 1⁄24th and 1⁄36th, both in P.Ryl. II 102.8 and 14 of the second half of the second century AD (where the fractions go with what follows, and the preceding abbreviations should be read as σταθ(μούχων) and σταθ(μούχου) respectively, in accordance with P.Stras. V 363.13). In P.Amh. II 75.44, 58, and 64 of AD 161–168 σταθ(μούχου) should also be read. All three texts referred to in this paragraph are from Hermopolis. In CPR XV 24.13–14 another 1⁄12th of a house seems to occur, but the fraction was probably preceded by (an)other(s), e.g. ἥμισυ τέταρτον, a possibility not considered by the editor. 11 ἀνηκ(όντων): the expected πάντων does not follow. ιζ̅ ἀμ(φόδου): the bar extends over the zeta and the squiggle I take as an alpha (zeta and alpha were written in one go). It therefore doubles as a marker of the ordinal and the suprascript mu that marks the abbreviation of ἀμ(φόδου). On numbered amphoda in Hermopolis see the introduction. 11–12 παρόντος καὶ ε̣ὐ[δοκοῦ]ν̣τος τῇδε ἀπο̣[γρα(φῇ): the text here returns to the homeowner, which is awkward coming after the description of the house in lines 10–11. I supplied , because the article is rarely left out with demonstratives. 12 ἐμ]ὲ̣ α̣(ὐτὸν) καὶ τοὺς ἐμ[ούς]: the reading, not the sense, is in doubt. Before καί there is no room for ἐμαυτόν written out in full, which occurs in all other texts of this kind. I can see a squiggle surmounted by a faint overstroke, which could be the familiar abbreviation of αὐτός, etc. (as most clearly in line 16 here). It would here be preceded by ἐμέ to make ἐμὲ αὐτόν, a way of writing ἐμαυτόν not otherwise attested in papyri. Before α̣(ὐτόν) an epsilon is indeed more likely than mu; mu would combine to ἐ]μ̣α(̣ υτόν), a likewise unattested way of writing ἐμαυτόν. 13 [μη]: the age is not preserved in the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive, but according to excerpts from earlier census declarations included there Hermaios alias Pathotes was 34, 20, and 6(?) (in the last-mentioned case, the trace fits gamma, epsilon, or stigma, and the number has to be less than 9, the age of an older brother). 15 [κ]α̣: the age is completely preserved in the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive. 17, 19 ἀ(φήλικα) κη] (ἔτει): both Isidoros and Theognostos were minors in the year of the census, but their older brother Hermeinos was already an adult. For the abbreviation of ἀ(φήλικα), required by the space, see in a similar context SB XX 14666.14 (AD 161) and its duplicates.

322 19 20

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Peter van Minnen [η]: the age is preserved in the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive. [γυ(ναικῶν): preserved in the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive. In the rare case where the abbreviation is spelled out in census declarations (P.Oxy.Hels. 10.13 of AD 34) it is in the genitive plural. νβ]: the age is not preserved in the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive, but according to excerpts from earlier census declarations included there Souerous was 38, 24, and, presumably, [10]. [ ̣ ̣ ̣]δώραν: the name of the daughter could be Isidora or Theodora, both names regularly attested in Hermopolis in this period (Diodora only appears in the fourth century). The identity of this daughter is addressed in the introduction. ἡμῶν]: at this point in the unpublished epikrisis documents in the archive one finds ]ων. (ἐνιαύσιον) κη (ἔτει) [(ἐτῶν) β]: the symbol I have resolved as (ἐνιαύσιον) is a clear alpha with a horizontal marker to the top right. In this position we expect the age of the daughter, but instead we appear to get her age in the preceding year, the official year of the census, the 28th year of Commodus, first. She was thus one year old or “in her 1st year” (i.e. born) in AD 187/8. In several other census declarations two ages are given, that in the year of the declaration and that in the official year of the census (usually in that order, with the latter accompanied by a year date, as here). It is odd that two ages are given here only for the daughter, but the fact that she was born in the official year of the census made her a special case. Kruit (see n. 5 above) 54 adduces only one papyrus, P.Stras. VIII 768.17 of AD 174/5 or later, where ἐνιαύσιος is spelled out and used in the meaning “yearling” (with the understanding that the child, a slave, is “in its 1st year” in our system). The adjective ἐνιαύσιος is once used for a calf, another “yearling” (of less than one year in our system) in SB XVIII 13119 of 255 BC. There are some less attractive alternatives. In BGU IV 1084.25–26 the age of a son is spelled out as ἐνιαυτοῦ ἑνός (cf. presumably also PSI VII 777.12), but it is hard to see how this would be abbreviated to just an alpha with a horizontal marker to the top right. This may, however, be the way they pronounced an alpha preceded by the year sign, a common way in census declarations to indicate that a child is 1 year old or “in its 1st year” in our system. In SPP IV, pp. 58–78 of ca. AD 73, children who are 1 year old occur side-by-side with children who are 2, 3, or even 4 years old. In each case the numeral is used followed by the year sign, another common way of denoting age. For the children who are 2, 3, or even 4 years old the editor resolves the symbols as διετής, τριετής, and τετραετής, but for children who are 1 year old he resolves ἑνὸς ἔτους and the rare ἑνάενος alternatively. Since ἐνιαύσιος occurs at least twice in the papyri in the meaning “yearling” (rather than the much more common “yearly”) I prefer this over ἑνάενος or even ἑνὸς ἔτους (for the latter one would expect the year sign, not just a horizontal marker to the top right). Kruit (see n. 5 above) 50 suggested reading γεννηθεῖσαν τῷ] α(ὐτῷ) κη (ἔτει), but this is ruled out by what precedes the alpha. Αὐρηλίου̣: after this the scribe left a blank space, presumably because he did not want to break off the imperial name, Κομμόδου, which would not have fitted. Μεγί]σ̣του: again the scribe left a blank space at the end of the line, presumably because he did not want to break off the imperial title, Βρεταννικοῦ, which would not have fitted. Μ[ε ̣ ̣ ̣ ̣ : either Μ[εχείρ or Μ[εσορή, rather than μ[ηνός followed by a month name in Greek, and not another Μ[εγίστου (the titulature of Commodus seems to have had Μεγίστου only once, usually with Γερμανικοῦ, sometimes with Βρεταννικοῦ). Ἑρμαῖος] ὁ̣ κ̣α̣ὶ̣ Π̣[αθώτης]: again the reading, not the sense, is in doubt. Only κ̣α̣ί̣ seems reasonably certain. Ἀχ[ι]λ̣λ̣ε̣[ύς: Achilleus is an extremely common name in Hermopolis, whereas other names starting in Ἀχ- are all extremely rare. The lacuna following Ἀχ- is rather broad, but at the beginning of the line [Ἀχι]- also fills a lacuna I would have estimated at 4 letters. Perhaps Ἀχειλλ- was written both

56. A Census Return from Hermopolis from AD 189

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31

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times. The patronymic at the end of the line must have been short or abbreviated. An Acheilleus son of Ammonios subscribes for others in another contemporary papyrus from Hermopolis, BGU III 842 II 19–20 from AD 187, but that is a copy, so the hands cannot be compared. α̣(ὐτοῦ): this does not look like the familiar squiggle surmounted by an overstroke, which is the familiar abbreviation of αὐτός, etc., but rather like a more regularly formed alpha surmounted by an overstroke. Ἀμ[μώ]νι̣[ος Ἀ]ν[ου]β̣ίωνος: read with the help of lines 8–9 (see the note there). Π̣λουτίων: the amphodogrammateus is otherwise unknown. In P.Lond. III 935 and 936 the subscription of the amphodogrammateus is followed by a series of X’s. Here and below the text horizontal lines are used. A small horizontal line seems to have been written also at the end of the subscription for the declarant in the previous line.

University of Cincinnati

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Peter van Minnen

No. 56