A Crystallized Class View of Finnish Education by Thomas McClure I Introduction This piece is written to view Finnish Education as a Crystallized Class. In my paper on “Class Crystallization and Contradicted Determination”, I described the two terms: II
Class Crystallization
"In so far as millions of familes live under economic condition of existence that separate their mode of life, their interest and their culture from those of the other classes and put them in hostile opposition to the later, they form a class." (Marx, K. , 1852) 'fixed idea of the most numerous class.' To become like a crystal or fixed in ones ideas about ones social location is to notice ones division. Class must invoke a hostile relationship with other classes - a clash - that is what is under test here. Can class crystallize without class clash? What is obvious in being divided must also be envious. And that envy must lead to agressive intents and acts to possess or to acquire what others own or hold. III
Contradicted determination
Can the over-determined coexist with the under-determined? Can rich live with poor?Weak?Strong? "Few things were regarded as more detrimental to a community than the existence of an organized peace interest in its midst. J. J. Rousseau araigned tradespeople for their lack of patriotism because they were suspect of preferring peace to liberty. ... Metternich proclaimed that what the people of Europe wanted was not liberty but peace." (p. 7) (Polanyi, K. The Great Transformation) A contradiction occurs in the detrmined, either over- or under-, when the two are at variance. When peace is preferred to liberty. It is similar to a change in DNA as a template for replication of genes. For example, in mutation of genes, it is possible a virus to so affect the host affecting its progency. "Another form of non-Mendelian inheritance is known as infectious heredity. Infectious particles such as viruses may infect host cells and continue to reside in the cytoplasm of these cells. If the presence of these particles results in an altered phenotype, then this phenotype may be subsequently transmitted to progeny.[7]" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Mendelian_inheritance It was the infection of organized peace interest that was suspect, meaning a liberty phenotype. As with any virus where pandemic proportions multiplied the risk of world wide epidemic - it was war. IV
Conclusion
Once the masses as the most numberous class focus on the obvious fixed idea of social class - in short - class crystallization - they may be organized in peace interest over preference to their liberty. An infection that forever changes their phenotype and their progeny; socialists produce socialists. And these so determined classes are in conflict with other classes due to the divide of class location. V
Finnish Education
The following chart describes Finnish Education on a graph of test scores versus equity of social classes. Given the three triangles: UK-US-FR NR-IR-JP CA-FI-KR It is a working hypothese that there is an evolving path between (1) UK-US-FR, (2) NR-IR-JP, and (3) CA-KO-FI. That is, move (2) onto (3) by overlapping the line NR-JP onto CA-FI ; and move (1) onto (2) by lapping US-UK. Hence, a circular motion from US to UK, NR to JP, and CA-FI, indicates that stacking the three triangles atop: US-UK atop NR-JP, atop CA-FI. The conclusion is that US education moving towards UK is tantamount to NR education moving towards JP is tantamount to CA education moving towards FI. Appendix If this is true, then A model of education 1 = 0.6 + 0.4 0.8
0.6
0.7
0.7 Sum
1.4
1.3
= 2.7
0.8 root(2.7)
= root(e)
0.9 e = 1 + 1.7 =
1 + 1/0.6 = 1 + 1/2*(1/pi) = 1 + pi/2 = 1 + 3.14159/2 = 1 + 1.57
0.10 2.7 = 27/10 = 3*3^2/10 = (1/pi)*(3^2) 0.11 root(2.7) = root(1/pi)* 3 = (0.3)^1/2 * 3 0.12 See below for factor analysis of the matrix. 0.13 It appears that a model of education can explain the matrix. 0.14 That is, a transformation of the centroid matrix into the cosine matrix. 0.15 A movement of the data in space in a rotated fashion is circular.
III.
The questions.
Respondents were asked by commune: Are you in the same class as your relatives? Are you in the same party as your neighbors? Or are relatives same class? Or are neighbors same party? [party had been defined as communist is same as the league of socialist democratic voters (SKDL) or not in other parties.] [class had been defined as lower, middle, or upper class] [friends were close neighbors or work friends] [relatives were siblings, parents, grandparents, cousins] The study focused upon crystallization, a concept of sociology, which says that social relationships, family and friends, crack upon class and party lines. That is, one can find friend and family fissures like rock strata structure.
IV.
The Correlations.
In the questions friends were work friends; neighbors were close geographical friends, and both could be family friends and neighbors as well. That is, your family relatives could be people you work with as work friends or people you live adjacent to as family neighbors. It was a working thesis of the research that communists were highly crystallized; that is, they lived nearer together as friendly neighbors, and a greater percentage voted communists in some communes. In other words, they lived a more isolated existence than other classes or parties. If so, there should be a higher correlation between RL CLASS and NB PARTY [Relative Class and Neighbor Party] among Finnish Communes ecological than between individual Finnish Voters.
The Project Proposal It was in 1965 that the Gallup survey in Finland asked three crucial questions of random voter lists. Nearly fifty years has passed (2015) and Finland has changed in its primary and secondary schools. It is time for a repeat of these three questions to see if changes in education have made other changes. This project proposes to select a village in Seinajoki Finland to compare then and now with your help. Please reply to
[email protected] in USA with any questions or suggestions for collaboration. Thomas McClure former doctoral candidate political sociology (1970) University of Helsinki Finland
All Finnish Communes Probits 1965 Voters University of Tampere Opinion Poll
INDIVIDUAL RL CLASS RC 1.0 NP .0 FP .0 FC .0 NP 0.0 ECOLOGICAL NB PARTY NP 1.0 RP .0 NC 0.0 FP ONLY .1 RC ONLY .1 NP ONLY -.1 RC ONLY -.1 ALL THE REST RP NC .2 ALL THE REST FC FP RP NC .1 WHAT THIS TABLE SAYS IS INDIVIDUAL CORRELATIONS ARE DIFFERENT FROM ECOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS HENCE CRYSTALLIZATION BY INDIVIDUAL IS DIFFERENT FROM BY COMMUNES
V. Reproduction by factor multiplication. [treating correlations as factor correlations.] TAKING THE FACTOR CORRELATIONS AND ADDING THE TWO FACTORS GIVES A MATRIX 1.0 .0 .2 .1 .0 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .8 A TRIANGLE APPEARS BETWEEN NC NP AND RP THAT IS, THERE IS A FACTOR RELATIONSHIP ON PARTY FOR RELATIVE AND NEIGHBOR, ON CLASS FOR NEIGHBOR, AND RELATIVE AND CLASS IS DISTANT FROM THAT RELATIVE AND PARTY
V.
Conclusion.
At the outset, it was thought that crystallization between individuals would explain crystallization between communes for all of Finland. It has not done so. Neighbor and Class are related to Party and Relative and Party but not Relative and Class. Friends are not so related so relations are geographical that is horizontal and not work segmented as well as class- and party-segmented. Relationships are vertical by class and party not work and horizontal by neighborhood and family. The question is now is it so among Finnish Communists? And is the factor correlation method viable for all research? Since the triangle appears as an isosceles triangle, It can be thought of as a triangle Created by trisecting each of the Angles of a larger triangle
Dear Professor Juha Pentikainen; It was a pleasure to meet you at Grand Finn Fest in Marquette Michigan on 11 Aug 05 and to hear your lecture on 12 Aug 05 with my wife, Paula. I felt certain it was a great and grand coincidence. I overheard in the Detroit airport a man to say: [Of course, we both came to Grand Finn Fest.] "...you reach a time in your life when whether your life is within reason or not ..." put another way "...you are doing the right thing for the right reason." "...it had to be and the reason is this ..." [from Angela's Ashes, p.63, c. 1996, paper] [Of course, my wife is Finnish and interested in Karelia.] Coincidence is a coinciding commonly shared experience. But environmental circumstances cannot be a coincidence. So you say in your book, p. 123, Kalevala Mythology. So what lead us to meet? My research at the University of Helsinki is in the attitudes and opinions of rural and urban Finnish Communists from a survey by the University of Tampere in 1965 in twelve communes in Finland. In that survey I found three questions on respondent voters randomly selected about same class [social] and same party [political] as themselves , as friends [work], relatives [family] and neighbors [locale] . Recoding on probits, the results were on two axis of relatives same class and relatives same party as themselves: [For all twelve communes selected ecologically for national sample.] *RC * * * \ * * \ * * * *NC * \ * | * / * * ** * * * *RP
*NP
Why is this relationship so reasonable? Neighbors are same class and same party and relatives same party but relative are not same class. This is the Romeo and Juliet connection of family separation along class lines, that is, separation due to social distance. Crystallization is a concept of Littunen at the University of Tampere, which says, peoples separate upon social lines like rock strata. Why is this so? Has it anything to do with the map you showed with the pen dividing rune singing living and dying? Were I to divide my study into rural communes, would I find this same marriage relationship? Because family [relatives] is a marriage ritual thing, is this separation rune-like? Have we in some circumstantial meeting formed an environmental alliance that is not coincidence?
Attached are short papers I wrote before I came to Grand Finn Fest. yours Thomas McClure MA Forty Days in Finland and Paris a paper by Thomas McClure MA In August 2003 Thomas and Paula McClure flew on their frequent flier miles to Paris France from Salt Lake City Utah by way of JFK in New York City. They spent three nights in Paris staying at the Hotel du Champ de Mars. They flew to Helsinki . This is a story of their trip and of his professional views of comparative politics. They stayed 17 days in rental arrangements and 23 days with family relatives. Their insights in European Studies will make for interesting reading and discussions among travel and political alike at the Center for European Studies at Brigham Young University in Provo Utah USA. I had a dream in Africa [Isak Denison, Out of Africa, "I had a farm in Africa."] It was because my professor at MSU in 1967-69, Norman N. Miller, who was a political anthropologist in the political science department, had me as his research assistant. I coded his interviews in a survey of three African tribal communities in three different African countries. I wanted to go to Africa to do research. My problems were (1) I was too old; (2) I was married; (3) I had two sons; and (4) I could get very sick. I found a Finnish survey (my wife was Finnish) at MSU done in Finland. So I set off in 1969-1970 to visit the survey communes. This is the story of that Safari.
Introduction. Every Safari needs two specialists: one is a guide, who has been there before or at least can find the way after looking ahead for it; and the other is an interpreter, who can converse with the natives and explain how and why they behave as they do, and likewise about you to them. My safari to Finland had both a guide and an interpreter in my wife Paula McClure. She both looked ahead and interpreted the local language. Her travel planning and buying of tickets, billeting, and general guiding was invaluable. Methodology of Survey Research. Of the twelve communes selected by Professor Littunen of the University of Tampere, six were urban and six were rural. Respondents were randomly selected from the voter roles and interviewed in Finnish. Questionnaires were coded and punched into cards, some 893 respondents. Questions about Party, Class, Friends, Relatives and Workers, and Urban and Rural Communes were singled out for analysis. Correlations were calculated for Friends Same Class as Yourself, Relatives Same Class as Yourself, and Workers Same Class as Yourself; Friends Same Party as Yourself, Relatives Same Party as Yourself, and Workers Same Party as Yourself. Correlation matrices were input to a Factor Analysis called Centroid and a rotation called Cosine. Reproduced correlations were calculated. These were compared with the original correlations and the residuals examined.
It was found that urban and rural communists showed the lowest residual differences. That is, the class and party factors produced residuals lowest for the tightest classparty variations. How to make this closeness or least variation demonstrated? I formed classes of communes due to their concentration of similar beliefs of party and class: 0 1 1 2 3 4
Heinola Lappee Karstula Tampere Salo Kodisjoki Tampere Vaasa Kodisjoki Turku Tampere Luopioinen Kuopio Vehmersalmi Tervola Heinola Lappee Karstula
Notice that (1) is two triangles joined together; (2) is a triangle; (3) is a triangle; and (4) is a triangle with (0). All of the triangles are concentrated by being very close to each other. The Safari. Upon entering Finnair in Paris France I was struck by the patterns of the fields orange because of the summer heat and green for the trees. As we flew into Finland, the patterns were more green and less orange. I began to see the patterns of the communes and the triangles of concentration of party and class beliefs. We took a bus from Helsinki airport to Turku and stayed with relatives in Naantilli, the home of the Muumi and the Sleep ceremony. Next we were off to Turku where we stayed at a hotel and then went by train to Oulu in Northern Finland. It was good we went north because the weather was unseasonably warm. We stayed with relatives which took us to a stone age national park. I found a monograph on levels of rivers through time and saw a five variable polynomial equation which was equal to a five variable factor analysis. I saw then that political beliefs of party and class can be explained as a rising or lowering of a tide over land or a political ecology. The concentration of belief is like the fixing of the mud or sand in flowing water rivers. Beliefs shrink to the boundaries of communes in a tight way. Next to Kajaani and I saw the triangle of (3) Tervola Kuopio Vehmersalmi rotate into (5) Oulu Kuopio Kajaani. With Kuopio in both triangles, it was a hypothetical surmise that triangle (5) was in like concentration. I did not observe any facts to confirm this. Next to Mikkili for three days at the center of the Mannerheim government during the war. Next to Tampere and Ruovesi and Tampere back. Triangle (2) Tampere Luopioinen Turku was to be imposed by triangle (5), again a surmised concentration. Triangle (6) Tampere Turku Heinola should be mixed in concentration as is triangle (7) Helsinki Ruovesi Mikkili. Finally triangle (8) Helsinki Tallin Espoo should reveal cross cultural beliefs. Next to Helsinki Espoo staying with relatives. Next to Tallin on the ferry Romantik. And finally to a week in a condo time share in Espoo. Taxi to airport and Finnair to Paris France for one last airport hotel stay. Flight by Air France to Atlanta and transfer to Delta for return flight to Salt Lake City Utah.
II.
Marriage Choices of Wedding Couples in Finland.
As the above demonstrates, the social class of relatives and the political parties of relatives are separated by a vast gulf. Somehow the marriage choices of wedding couples in Finland is more least likely statistically than local neighbors or friends at work. Why is this so? The purpose of this paper is to show by logical deduction and arithmetical demonstration that a theory of evolution of language and biological is open and incomplete by a theorem. That is, the alphabetic order in all languages is the same and the number of words and sentences are growing and becoming more complex, especially in Finnish runic poetry. A line separates the Old Kalevala from the New Kalevala geographically and the number of female singers of runic poetry is distributed geographically. This environmental circumstance is not a coincidence. Marriage rituals and practices are found in the Kalevala and they are also found among the priestless peoples of the Kalevalian orb or arc of a line between the Gulf of Finland and the White Sea. This exercise in political geography seeks to explain why in modern Finland, ancient marriage practices still dictate the marriage choices of wedding couples. This growth of biological mating is an evidence of a theory of evolution, which is open and incomplete as a theorem. A completely closed theory of biological mating would say that DNA display a tell-tale sign of intelligence in mating. And that testing of DNA in genealogical linkages should explain marriage choices of wedding couples.
If people were like salmon, they would return to their birthplace to spawn, but they are not as human beings, as creatures of a growing and expanding language as well as social and political culture. An incompleteness theorem of evolution would show an intelligent design in the universe.
III.
Conclusion.
Looking at language in general and runic poetry in particular explains the growth and infinite possibilities of marriage choices among wedding couples in Finland. It pertains also to a parallel in biology in general and DNA complexity in particular and explains marriage choices among wedding couples in Finland. As such, a statistical technique for identifying tell-tale intelligence in wedding couples in language and biology in Finland estimates a function, which is a logical demonstration of an arithmetical demonstration of the incompleteness theorem of evolution. The openness of the complex system for biological mating and cultural coupling is therefore deduced, demonstrated, and estimated.
1.
.1.6
