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10-19:34-36 (2010) HARUM RESEARCH ARTICLE
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A NEW RECORD OF ECTOPARASITOID MELITTOBIA ACASTA (WALKER, 1839) (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) FROM TURKEY TÜRKİYE’DEN YENİ KAYIT EKTOPARAZİTOİT MELITTOBIA ACASTA (WALKER, 1839)
Yasemin Güler* • Münevver Kodan* Summary: This article deals with Melittobia acasta (Walker) as a new ectoparasitoid for the Turkish fauna, and it was found in artificial nests of Osmia bicornis (L.) and O. caerulescens (L.) in cherry orchards (Afyonkarahisar, Sultandaği). Key words: Turkey, Melittobia acasta (Walker), ectoparasitoid, new record, Osmia bicornis, Osmia caerulescens. Özet: Bu makale Türkiye için yeni bir ektoparazitoit olan Melittobia acasta (Walker) ile ilgilidir. Bu tür, kiraz bahçelerindeki (Afyonkarahisar, Sultandağı) Osmia bicornis (L.) ve O. caerulescens (L.)’in yapay yuvalarında bulunmuştur. Anahtar kelimeler: Türkiye, Melittobia acasta (Walker), ektoparazitoid, yeni kayıt, Osmia bicornis, Osmia caerulescens.
Introduction
The family Eulophidae from Turkey was represented by about 210 species (Noyes 2003; Gençer 2004 a, b; Sakaltaş and Gençer 2006; Doğanlar and Doğanlar 2008; Doğanlar et al. 2009a; Doğanlar et al. 2009 b; Gençer 2009). Species from the genus Melittobia Westwood, 1848, which is genus of Tetrastichinae subfamily (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), were not recorded from Turkey up to now. Although many genera of Tetrastichinae are endoparasitoids (Gençer 2004b), the genus Melittobia is gregarious ectoparasitoid (Gonzalez and Matthews 2005). The only taxonomic revision of the genus and key to species is provided by Dahms (1984) and 14 species of Melittobia have been described and Melittobia acasta (Walker, 1839) has been remained the only species in Europe. This species was also recorded from many places out of Europe (Dahms 1984; Noyes 2003; Gonzalez et al. 2004; Matthews et al. 2009). M. acasta has a wide variety of hosts (Reece et al. 2007). The parasitoid is of-
ten found in managed populations of solitary bees and bumblebees (Gonzalez et al. 2004; Krunic et al. 2005). Osmia adunca, O. bicornis (syn.: O. rufa), O. caerulescens, O. cornifrons, O. excavate, O. leaiana, O. leucomelena, O. taurus and O. spinulosa belong to the genus Osmia which is one of the important pollinators in orchards are also hosts of M. acasta (Thompson 1950; Müller 1994; Mader 1999; Krunic et al. 2005).
Material and Methods
On the April 1, 2009 artificial nests which were made up from nods of reed were set up to obtain populations of Osmia bicornis (L.) and O. caerulescens (L.) in cherry orchards (Afyonkarahisar, Sultandağı). On June 24, 2009 seven reed nods with nests of O. bicornis females were cultured in the laboratory. One of the reeds was dissected to monitor life circle of the pollinator. Larvae of parasitoid were found on three larvae of O. bicornis (Fig. 1). These larvae were daily controlled, and the emergences of the adults were de-
*Plant Protection Central Research Institute, Gayret Mahallesi, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bulvari, No: 66, 06172, Yenimahalle, AnkaraTURKEY, E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
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termined. The adult specimens were identified using Dahms’s key (1984). The former reed nods used for nesting by first generation of O. caerulescens were also checked in terms on parasites.
Results and Discussion
Totally 178 (143 females, 35 males) adults from larvae of parasitoid in the artificial nest of Osmia bicornis (L.) were emerged (Fig. 2). The wasps were identified as Melittobia acasta (Walker 1839) by the authors. The identification was kindly checked by Dr. Matthews (University of Georgia, U.S.A) and Dr. Gonzalez (Texas A & M University, U.S.A).
In addition, the dead females of M. acasta were also determined in the reed nods of O. caerulescens. In this investigation, M. acasta was the first record for Turkish fauna. The specimens of this parasitoid have been deposited in the Taxonomy and Plant Protection Museum of the Plant Protection Central Research Institute, Ankara (Turkey).
Acknowledgement
We are grateful to Dr. Matthews (University of Georgia, U.S.A) and Dr. Gonzalez (Texas A & M Univer-
Melittobia acasta (Walker, 1839) Synonyms: Melittobia audouinii Westwood, 1848; Anthophorabia retusa Newport, 1849; Anthophorabia fasciata Newport, 1852; Melittobia osmiae Thomson, 1878; Tetrastichus melittobius Thomson, 1878; Tetrastichus metittobius Thomson, 1878; Melittobia strandi Wolff & Krausse, 1921 (Dahms 1984; Grahan 1991; LaSalle 1993; Noyes 2003). General distributions: Argentina, Austria, Azores, Bulgaria, Canada, Caucasus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Guam, Hungary, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Madeira, Moldova, Netherlands, New Zealand, North Africa, China, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, England, United States of America, Venezuela, Yugoslavia (pre 1991) (Noyes 2003).
1. Osmia bicornis larva and Melittobia acasta larvae Figure 1.Figure Osmia bicornis larva and Melittobia acasta larvae
Figure 1. Osmia bicornis larva and Melittobia acasta larvae
Distribution in Turkey: New record for Turkish fauna. Material examined: 143 females, 35 males. Hosts: Apidae, Chrysididae, Diprionidae, Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Leucospidae, Sphecidae, Torymidae, Vespidae (Hymenoptera), Calliphoridae, Cecidomyiidae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae, Tachinidae, Tephritidae (Diptera), Lasiocampidae, Limacodidae, Lymantriidae, Noctuidae, Pieridae, Tortricidae (Lepidoptera), Buprestidae and Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) (Noyes 2003).
Figure 2. M. acasta (female, males and pupae) in O. bicornis nest
2. M. acasta (female, malesmales and pupae) in O.pupae) bicornis nest FigureFigure 2. M. acasta (female, and in O. bicornis nest
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