A New Species of Galipea (Rutaceae) from Nicaragua and Costa Rica

Brittonia, 40(3), 1988, pp. 241-244. 9 1988, by the New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126

A NEW SPECIES OF GALIPEA (RUTACEAE) F R O M NICARAGUA AND COSTA RICA JACQUELYN A . KALLUNKI Kallunki, Jacquelyn A. (New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-5126). A new species of Galipea (Rutaceae) from Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Brinonia 40: 241-244. 1988.--Galipea granulosa from Nicaragua and adjacent Costa Rica is described and illustrated and its similarities to G. longiflora are discussed.

Galipea Aublet (Rutaceae) is a neotropical genus of eight to ten species of shrubs or small trees with alternate, trifoliolate or sometimes unifoliolate leaves. It is a member of the neotropical subtribe Cuspariinae, a group of about 22 closely related genera which are not clearly defined. Galipea has been characterized (Elias, 1970; Engler, 1896) by the combination of a five-toothed cupular calyx, a tubular corolla, two fertile stamens and three to five antherless staminodes inserted near the apex of the corolla tube, basally appendaged anthers, and an ovary of five laterally coherent carpels which form a capsular fruit. Many collections made by W. D. Stevens and collaborators during the course of the Flora de Nicaragua project represent a new species of Galipea, which has an apocarpous ovary and fruit.

Galipea granulosa Kallunki, sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Paniculae angustae terminalis ramis floriferis lateralibus fere sessilibus carpellis fructiferis omnino discretis G. longiflorae Krause similis, sed ab ea lobis calycis triangularibus et fete tam longis quam latis (nec lanceolatis et 5-6-plo longioribus quam latis), corollae minoris tubo 1.4-1.9 cm (vs 3.8--4 cm) longo differt.

Tree or shrub 2-12 m; young shoots densely and minutely pubescent, early glabrescent. Leaves alternate, trifoliolate; petiole flattened or canaliculate adaxially, 3.3-20.5 cm long, glabrous; petiolules 0-1 (2) cm long, sometimes remaining minutely pubescent at maturity; leaflets entire, glabrous, chartaceous, terminal ones mostly narrow obovate but ranging from oblanceolate to narrow ovate, apically acuminate with an acute (or rarely blunt) tip, basally short-decurrent or -cuneate, 12.2-34 cm long, 4.3-16 cm wide, with 8-15 secondary veins per side, lateral ones mostly narrow ovate, sometimes elliptic to narrow obovate, apically acuminate, basally usually oblique but sometimes equal and cuneate, 10.5-28.2 cm long, 3.4-11 cm wide, with 5-11 secondary veins per side; venation raised on both surfaces. Inflorescence a narrow, apparently terminal panicle, densely and minutely pubescent throughout; peduncle 3.7-16 cm long, ridged; flowering rachis 8.2--49 cm long with sessile or subsessile cymose lateral branches subtended by lanceolate bracts, these 2.2-3.2 mm long, 0.7-0.8 m m wide, bracts at base of pedicels smaller but otherwise similar; pedicels 2-3 (5) m m in flower, 1.5-7 m m in fruit. Calyx cupulate, 2.3-2.6 mm long with 5 triangular lobes 0.5-0.7 m m long, densely and minutely pubescent without and apically short sericeous within, in fruit persistent, with lobes 1.8-2.5 m m long, 1.4-2.5 mm wide at base. Corolla 5-lobed, densely and minutely pubescent without, white; tube 14.5-19 m m long, 1.3-2 m m wide, with a retrorse shaggy pubescence within except for basal 2.5 mm; lobes imbricate in bud (1 with 2 outer margins, 1 with 2 inner margins, and 3 with 1 outer and 1 inner margin), oblanceolate, round at apex, densely and minutely pubescent within, 8.3-8.5 mm long, 2-2.7 m m wide, innermost slightly narrower than others. Fertile stamens 2, flanking the innermost corolla lobe,

242

BRITTONIA

[VOL. 4 0

FIG. 1. Galipea granulosa. A. Inflorescence. B. Leaf. C. Bud. D. Corolla, opened lengthwise. E. Pistil and disc. F. Anther with appendage, adaxial and lateral views. G. Carpels, one sectioned and showing two superposed ovules. H. Infructescence. I. One fruiting mericarp. J. Endocarp enclosing seed, showing thin area surrounding placental attachment point. K. Seed, lateral view. A from Ortiz 243, B-G from Araquistain 3232, H - K from Pipoly 4843.

1988]

KALLUNKI" GALIPEA

243

i n s e r t e d n e a r apex o f tube, f i l a m e n t s 2.5 m m long, a n t h e r s o b l o n g , 3 - 4 m m long, w i t h basal a p p e n d a g e 0.5 m m long; s t a m i n o d e s 5, i n s e r t e d n e a r apex o f t u b e o r o n base o f lobes, 4 . 5 - 6 . 6 m m long, p u b e r u l e n t , each w i t h a spherical, apical g l a n d . D i s c c u p u l a t e , s i n u a t e i n c o n f o r m i t y w i t h the carpels, s h a l l o w l y 5 - d e n t a t e , 0.7 m m high, _+ e q u a l l i n g the o v a r y , g l a b r o u s . O v a r y o f 5 free carpels 0.7 m m high, g l a b r o u s i n b u d a n d i n flower, d e n s e l y p u b e s c e n t s o o n after a n t h e s i s , each w i t h 2 s u p e r p o s e d o v u l e s ; style 1, 1 8 - 2 2 m m long, glabrous; s t i g m a capitate. F r u i t i n g m e r i c a r p s u s u a l l y 5 ( o c c a s i o n a l l y s o m e a b o r t i n g ) , free, 8 . 2 - 1 1 m m high, 6 - 8 m m wide m e a s u r e d laterally, each w i t h a t e r m i n a l d o r s a l b e a k 1 . 8 - 3 . 5 m m long, f r e q u e n t l y t u b e r c u l a t e a n d / o r t r a n s v e r s e l y ridged, d e n s e l y a n d m i n u t e l y p u b e s cent, g l a n d u l a r - p u n c t a t e , " g r e e n " w h e n fresh, g r e e n i s h - b r o w n to b r o w n w h e n dry. S e e d s 1 p e r m e r i c a r p , b r o a d l y elliptic i n lateral view, o v a t e i n d o r s a l view, 5 . 4 7.5 m m high, 3 . 7 - 4 . 9 m m wide m e a s u r e d laterally, g l a b r o u s , b r o w n . TYPE: N I C A R A G U A . ZELAYA" E1 Z a p o t e , 40 k m N E de N u e v a G u i n e a , c a m i n o N E de S a n M a r t i n , 1 1~ 84~ elev. 1 3 0 - 1 5 0 m , b o s q u e t r o p i c a l h f i m e d o ; firbol, 10 m d e alto, i n f r u c t e s c e n c i a de f r u t o s v e r d e s , p u b e r u l e n t o s , 25 F e b 1984 (fr), J. C. S a n d i n o 4 7 2 0 (HOLOTYPE: NXlr; ISOTYPE" M O - - n . v . ) . Other specimens examined: NICARAGUA. MATAGALPA:El Carmen, carretera El Tuma a Waslala, 13~ 85~ elev. 600-700 m, 21 Dec 1982, P. P. Moreno 19067 (MO); Rio Blanco, "El Bfilsamo,'" 1 km al O de Rio Blanco, 12~ 85~ elev. 200-400 m, 17 Mar 1984, P. P. Moreno 23574 (NY); Las Brisas, 15 km al O de Waslala, carretera a E1 Tuma, 13~ 85~ elev. 250300 m, 23 Dec 1982, P. P. Moreno 19211 (MO); E1 Comej6n, 1 km O de la carretera a Waslala, 13~ 85~ elev. 600 m, 23 Feb 1983, P. P. Moreno & W. Robleto 20566 (NY); 7 km al SO de Buenavista, carretera a Matagalpa, 13~ 85~ elev. 300-440 m, 1 Mar 1983, P. P. Moreno & W. Robleto 20982 (NY). Rio SANJUAN:Sfibalo, a 3 km del enlace del Rio San Juan y el Rio S~ibalo, elev. 40-50 m, 26 Sep 1982, M. Araquistain 3232 (NY); "Santa Eduviges," 1l~ 84~ elev. ca 70 m, 17 Feb 1984, P. P. Moreno 23007 (MO); "La Palma," 2 km al NO del Rio Santa Cruz, 1l*02'N, 84025'W, elev. ca 60 m, 20 Feb 1984, P. P. Moreno 23170 (NY); 1 km al NO del Rio Santa Cruz, 1l~ 84~ elev. ca 60 m, 22 Feb 1984, P. P. Moreno 23260 (NY). Z~LAYA:Yauya, ca 18 km SE ofLa Luz, elev. 150-200 m, 12 Mar 1961, G. S. Bunting& L. Licht 594 ( N , US); 3 km E of E1Empalme, 42 km E of Siuna, 14 Aug 1977, A. Danin 77-5-15 (MO); Cerro El Naranjo, ca 15 km al SO de Wany, 14 Sep 1982, A. Grijalva & P. P. Moreno 1093 (NY); ca 5 km al S de Waslala, 16 Sep 1982, A. Grijalva & P. P. Moreno 1213 (MO); Municipio de Nueva Guinea, comarca Demetrio, 25 Aug 1982, A. Laguna 4 (MO); comarca de San Isidro, sobre el Rio Pajarito, 3 Oct 1982, A. Laguna 82 (MO); "El Naranjo," a 50 km de Siuna, sobre la carretera Matagalpa-Siuna, l0 km al W de la cuesta E1Guayabo, 13034'N, 85~ elev. ca 300 m, 14 Sep 1982, P. P. Moreno 17232 (NY); sobre la carretera Matagalpa-Siuna, Buenavista, a 7 km de Waslala, 13~ 85~ ca 300 m, 15 Sep 1982, P. P. Moreno 17321 (NY); E1 Dos, Siuna, 13049'N, 84~ elev. 320-380 m, 25 Feb 1983, P. P. Moreno & W. Robleto 20728 (MO); Cerro Livico, faldas del lado O, 6 km NE de Siuna, camino a E1 Dos, 13~ 84~ elev. 500-600 m, 26 Feb 1983, P. P. Moreno & W. Robleto 20823 (NY); near Siuna, Mt. Livico, Madregava, 6 Jan 1970, E. Narvaez S. 3056 (MO, NY); Cerro Livico, 7 km NE of Siuna, elev. 500 m, 28 Apr 1978, D. Neill 3656 (NY); municipio de Siuna, Waspado, elev. ca 100-120 m, 6 Oct 1982, F. Ortiz 243 (NY); along banks of Rio Prinzapolka, ca 2 km S of Wani, 13~ 84~ elev. ca 0-100 m, 16 Mar 1979, J. J. Pipoly 4767 (NY); Cerro Bak/t, ca 6.5 km E of Rio Coperna, ca 13~ 84~ elev. 200-320 m, 18 Mar 1979, J. J. Pipoly 4843 (NY), 19 Mar 1979, J. J. Pipoly 4971 (NY); Mina Nueva Am6rica, ca 11.3 km N of main road leading W from 14.3 km N of E1 Empalme to Rosita, 22 Apr 1979, J. J. Pipoly 5301 (NY); 0.3 km N of base camp 3.6 km SE Cerro San Isidro, Rio Kama, Rio Escondido, 12005'-12~ 83"45'-84~ alt. 0--65 m, 7 Mar 1966, G. R. Proctor et aL 27033 ( N Y , US); 3 km E de Colonias Talolinga, sobre el camino a Kurinw/ts, 18 Aug 1983, J. C. Sandino 4498 (NY); E1Zapote, 40 km NE de Nueva Guinea, 25-31 Mar 1984, J. C Sandino 4917 (NY); along new road to Mina Nueva Am6rica (leading +W from ca 14.3 km N of E1 Empalme on main road to Rosita), between 11.3 km and 10.5 km from main road, 27 Apr 1978, W. D. Stevens 8308 (NY), 23 Feb 1979, W. D. Stevens 12693 (NY); along road between E1 Empalme and Limbaika, ca 1.5 km SE of Palmera, ca 13"35'N, 84~ elev. ca 60 m, 24 Feb 1979, W. D. Stevens 12856 (NY); along road from Siuna to E1 Dos, ca 1 km E of Cerro Livieo, ca 13~ 84~ elev. 4013-600 m, 12 Dec 1980, W. D. Stevens 18646 (NY). COSTA RICA. ALAJUELA:ca de Providencia de San Carlos, 24 Aug 1973, L. J. Poveda 622 (MO); San Carlos, 21 Feb 1973, L. J. Poveda & L. R. Holdridge 2346 (US).

244

BRITTONIA

[VOL.

40

Distribution, habitat, and phenology: Galipea granulosa has been collected in lowland and lower montane rainforests and in pine forests, from sea level to 700 m, in Matagalpa, Rio San Juan, and Zelaya provinces o f Nicaragua and in Alajuela Province of Costa Rico. On the collections examined, flowers are present from August through October and fruit from December to April. Although Galipea has been defined to include species with a syncarpous ovary and resulting capsular fruit, the presence of an apocarpous ovary and fruit in G. granulosa is not discordant. Because some genera of Rutaceae include apocarpous and syncarpous species (Elias, 1970), this feature may not be a reliable generic character. Galipea granulosa is most similar to G. longiflora Krause, known from Bolivia and adjacent Brazil. This latter species, though described from flowering material, also has apocarpous fruits with beaked mericarps (Bejerano s.n., 17 Jun 1964, US). In addition to similar fruit, the two species share narrow paniculate inflorescences with sessile or subsessile lateral flowering branches and a dense, minute pubescence. Galipeagranulosa differs from G. longiflora by the calyx lobes that are triangular and about as long as wide (vs lanceolate and 5-6 times longer than wide) and by the smaller corolla with a tube 14 to 19 mm (vs 38-40 mm) long. The exact nature of the minute, felty pubescence is difficult to discern, especially on the unexpanded shoot, inflorescence rachis, calyx, corolla, and ovary. On the elongated inflorescence rachis, expanded corolla, and fruit, the pubescence appears at 70 x to be composed of lepidote-stellate, stellate, and tufted simple hairs. The species is named after the granular aspect of the pubescence on the mature fruit. According to label information, the common names of G. granulosa are "yape'" (Laguna 4 and 82) and, more commonly, some version of "pata de yanque" (Araquistain 3232, Danin 77-5-15, Laguna 82, Neill 3656, and Ortiz 243).

Acknowledgments I thank Doug Stevens for calling his specimens to my attention and making them available to me, Rupert Barneby for correcting my first Latin diagnosis, Patricia Holmgren for her support, and Bobbi Angell for another beautiful illustration.

Literature Cited Elias, T . A . 1970. Notes on the genus Galipea (Rutaceae) in Central America. J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 427-430. Engler, A. 1896. Rutaceae. Pages 95-201. In: A. Engler & K. Prantl, editors. Die natiidichen Pflanzenfamilien, Tell III, Abt. 4.

BOOKS RECEIVED Gray's Manual of Botany. Eighth Edition. By M. L. Fernald. Dioscorides Press, 9999 S.W. Wilshire, Portland, OR 97225. ISBN 0-931146-09-7. Reprinted in 1987. 1632 pp. $59.95 (cloth). [This printing reproduces the 1950 centennial edition as corrected by Reed C. Rollins in 1973.] The Production of New Potato Varieties: Technological Advances. Edited by G. J. Jellis and D. E. Richardson. Cambridge University Press, 32 East 57th St., New York, NY 10022. ISBN 0-521324580. 1987. 358 pp. $49.50 (cloth). A Field Guide to Isopogons and Petrophiles. By R. M. Sainsbury. International Specialized Book Service, Inc., 5602 N.E. Hassolo St., Portland, OR 97213-3640. ISBN 0-85564-268-8. 1987. 143 pp. $24 (paper).