Adaptive Systems

Flexible system that improves its performance (or chances of survival) by monitoring and adjusting its own configuration and operations in response to feedback from its environment.
Self-adaptive System aims to adjust various artifacts or attributes in response to changes in the self and in the context of a SW system
Self
Whole body of the software
Context
Everything in operating environment that affects the system's properties and its behavior
Self-adaptive software is a closed-loop system with feedback from the self and the context


Adaptive Systems
Definition:
A system that can change itself in response to changes in its environment in such a way that its performance improves through a continuing interaction with its surroundings.

Why we need self adaptive system?
Increasing cost of handling the complexity of SW systems to achieve their goal
management complexity
Robustness in handling unexpected conditions
Changing priorities and policies governing the goals
To deal with these issues at operation time(runtime)

Self-adaptive system is expected to fulfill its requirements at runtime in response to changes

What exactly we mean by

Adaptively

in

Adaptive Learning Systems?
"Intelligence"/adaptively
Increased user efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction

by

Improved correspondence between learner, goal and system characteristics
Adaptable Systems
Systems that allow the user to change certain system parameters and adapt the system behaviour accordingly.
Adaptive Systems
Systems that adapt to the users automatically based on system's assumptions about user needs.
Levels of Adaptation
Simple: "Hard-wired"

Self-regulating: Monitors the effects of adaptation and changes behaviour accordingly

Self-mediating: Monitors the effects of adaptation on model before putting into practice

Self-modifying: Capable of changing representations by reasoning about the interactions
Self-adaptive SW systems is strongly related to other types of systems
Autonomic and self-managing systems

Self-adaptive System vs. Autonomic computing
self-adaptive SW domain is more limited, autonomic computing has emerged in a broader context
In the view of SW layer,
self-adaptive SW covers the application and middleware, and autonomic computing covers down to even network and OS
However, the concepts of these domains are strongly related
and can be used interchangeably


General level
Global properties of self-adaptive software
Self-adaptiveness – Top-down
Self-managing
Self-governing
Self-maintenance
Self-control
Self-organizing – Bottom-up
Emphasizes decentralization and emergent functionality
Many interacting elements that are either absolutely unaware of or have only partial knowledge about the global system

Textbooks:
1. Ethem Alpaydın " Introduction to machine learning ", 2010 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
2. JACEK M. ZURADA, " Introduction to artificial neural systems ", Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data.
Adaptive Systems
Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Najm Abdullah
https://itswtech.academia.edu/MohammedAlSalam

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