Archaeology of cultural contact in Spanish and Portuguese America Back

Index

15th century,  6, 28, 33 16th century,  3, 6, 19, 21–23, 28–30, 32, 34, 48, 59, 357 17th century,  6, 22, 23, 25, 26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 64, 161, 162, 184, 186, 188, 193 18th century,  3, 6, 21, 26, 28, 31–33, 69, 161, 166, 174, 187, 219, 221, 356 19th century,  6, 32, 169, 172, 174, 185, 187 20th century,  5, 6, 166, 174 A Adaptation,  mestiçagem, 347 using technology,  53 Adaptationist models,  53, 54 Africans,  33, 317 ethnic diversity in,  188 heritage and religiosity,  138 ivory trading,  34 labor force,  329 role in Cuban society,  138 settlements, 137 slave,  317, 326–328 slaves,  35, 134, 137, 145, 161, 183, 315, 331–333 social divisions amongst,  315 trafficking of slaves,  34 Agency,  6, 183, 224 cultural, 342

primary, 353 Agriculture,  156, 175, 191 and fishing,  169 and herding,  191 and livestock production,  161 commercial fluvial,  171 in Patagonian project families,  233 mono-cultivar intensive,  170 Aguacatepeque,  79, 80, 85, 91, 92, 94 agricultural production at,  96 antimarket effects,  93, 96 archaeological research,  94, 95 community,  86, 87, 90 effects of capitalism,  96 effects on,  81 population, 95 role in colonial market economy,  87 tribute crops,  90 Aleijadinho,  339, 341 works of,  345, 347, 348 Ambiguity,  49, 282, 357 Amerindians,  25, 28, 33, 61 diet, 32 Anchoring, 283–285 Animals,  10, 21, 29, 32 and cultivars,  178 and plants,  223 draft, 55 exploitation of,  171 in Patagonian era,  230 Antilles,  61, 156, 162 Antimarkets,  81, 82, 85, 94, 96

© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 P. P. A. Funari, M. X. Senatore (eds.), Archaeology of Culture Contact and Colonialism in Spanish and Portuguese America, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-08069-7

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Braudel and De Landa’s conception of,  83, 84 concept of,  5, 79, 84 development of,  84 effects of,  80, 85 effects on material practices and daily lives,  98 in colonial Guatemala,  88, 90 objective of,  80 operation,  83, 84 Spanish colonial, effects of,  92 Archaeologist,  1, 39, 53, 54, 107, 190, 195, 227, 294, 357 Grand Narratives of,  354 Latin American,  355 Archaeology,  1, 42, 46, 48, 191, 244, 343 and colonial powers,  190 and housing contexts, in Floridablanca, 225 archives of,  194 comparative, 11 concept of,  342 contact, 139 Early Modern, in Portugal,  34 gender, 135 Grand Narratives of,  353 historical, 11 in Canada,  246, 253 in Cuba,  133, 136, 137 in religiosity and bead analysis,  138, 139 maritime,  284, 289, 309 of Amazonia,  344 of Brazil,  344, 349 of Brazilian Estado,  339 of capitalism,  79 of capitalist and antimarket effects,  85, 97, 98 of Latin American,  355 of Spanish and Portuguese Americas,  359, 360 research, 10 role in understanding native American societies,  50 urban,  21, 35

Index

Archives,  9, 183, 186, 187 from Pecos (Santa Fe),  187 of archaeology,  194 of Spain,  303 the skeleton,  191 Argentina,  3, 39 Artifactual sets,  9 Atlantic Coast,  2, 64 of Canada,  246, 248 of Patagonia,  7, 219 Atlantic Ocean,  4 B Baroque,  339, 340, 347–349 constructions, 346 period, 345 Basques,  241, 243, 248, 251–254 Beliefs,  10, 150 Beothuk,  249, 251 Bodies,  56, 143, 145, 167, 188, 190, 191, 279 Bolivia,  3, 7, 29 Bourdieu, P.,  143, 225, 358 Braudel, F.,  79, 80, 83, 84, 96, 104, 105 Brazil,  3, 25, 32, 173, 279, 280, 340, 342, 347, 358 Brazilianness,  340, 344, 347–349 Buenos Aires,  41–43, 223 C Cacao,  10, 86, 87, 90, 94, 96, 108, 117, 122, 124, 161, 358 Canada,  2, 3, 239–241, 244, 248 Capitalism,  5, 79–84, 89, 96, 97, 358 Caribbean,  11, 137, 139, 169, 178, 325, 332 Cartography,  9, 240 Cash crops,  89, 172, 316 Casta system,  188 Categories,  1, 9, 148, 186, 231, 309 Catholic colonizers,  184 Catholicism,  64, 151, 325 Cattle ranching,  166, 170, 171, 315, 330

Index

Ceramics,  20, 21, 33, 35, 94, 95, 105, 116, 326 Change,  4, 24, 71, 85, 313 Charles III,  219 Chikinchel,  9, 104, 107, 111, 113, 114, 122, 123, 125, 126 Chilam Balam,  9, 113, 114, 118, 122 Chipped stone,  55 Class,  4, 104, 125, 185, 188, 305, 314, 315, 329, 345, 358 Classical archaeology,  2 Clothing,  31, 117, 143, 147, 149, 151, 175, 186, 188, 190, 192, 193, 229, 305, 316, 333 production of,  325, 332 Coast of São Paulo State,  280 Coastal occupation,  293 Coffee,  10, 155, 175 Colonial,  America,  150, 232 body,  3, 143 discourse,  4, 10, 233 encounters,  12, 134, 184, 191, 192, 222 experience,  4, 7, 8, 11, 177, 190 map, 11 process,  8, 10, 42–44, 48, 155, 254 Colonialism,  1–3, 5, 7, 11, 43–45, 47, 48, 79, 254, 353, 355, 356, 358, 360 Colonization,  2–4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 88, 137, 157, 221, 240, 279, 291, 354, 355, 357, 359, 360 Colonizing groups,  6, 224 Commerce,  10, 64, 86, 103, 107, 110, 111, 114, 116, 117, 286, 332, 359 Commercialization,  3, 10, 155–157, 172, 174, 286 Commodities,  10, 83, 86, 87, 155, 164, 175, 358, 360 Commodity,  80, 82, 165 Concepción de la Vega,  3, 7, 11, 313, 334, 356 Concordance, 11

365

Conquest,  41, 43, 44, 49, 55, 58, 279, 354, 355 Consume practices,  81, 85, 91, 92, 96, 227, 229, 233 Consumption,  19, 21, 22, 25, 31, 35, 80, 90, 96, 161, 164, 167, 171, 227, 229 Contemporary times,  2 Continuity,  5, 6, 57, 59, 230, 340 Cosmopolitanism, 233 Cotton,  10, 21, 60, 106, 116, 155, 161, 170, 332 Craft production,  156, 161, 326 Creativity,  2, 48, 224, 346 Creolization, 188 Cuba,  3, 5, 122, 134, 135, 137, 138 Cultural,  change,  4, 5, 354, 358 conflict, 47 resilience,  70, 160 Culture contact,  1, 134 D De Andrade, M.,  339, 340, 342, 347 De Landa, M.,  79, 80, 82–84, 97 Deagan, K.,  11, 144, 148, 150, 305, 308, 314, 316–318, 325, 326, 329, 330, 334 Dichotomist categories,  233 Dichotomy colonizer-colonized,  5 Discourses,  340, 342–344, 347, 349 of appearance,  49, 50 Discursive strategies,  10, 40, 50 Diversity,  1, 2, 27, 85, 95, 157, 223, 357 Docking,  29, 246, 248 Documents,  9, 10, 46, 49, 185, 303, 356 Domestic labor,  326, 327, 334 Dominican Republic,  7, 26, 313, 318 Dress adornment,  147 E Early Modern Age,  3, 20, 26, 32, 33 Economic models,  53

366

Eighteenth century,  61, 117, 122, 143, 144, 146, 157, 239, 286, 287, 291, 347 Ek Chuah,  108–110, 117–119 Emal,  111, 112, 114, 121, 122, 124, 126 Embodiment,  5, 143, 147, 151, 192 Encounters,  134, 188 Enlightenment,  219, 221, 232 Entanglement,  47, 82, 91, 359 Ephemeral,  7, 39, 43, 186 Equality,  135, 225 Essentialized visions,  233 Essentialism, 5 Essentialist,  6, 44, 47 Ethnicity,  139, 147, 157, 184, 186, 188 Ethnogenesis,  11, 157, 188 Ethnographic data,  160 Euro-American clash,  6 Europe,  10, 21, 26, 29, 31, 34, 84, 110, 150, 329, 340, 358 European colonization,  10, 155, 241 European sailors,  25 Europeans,  10, 44, 46, 55, 62, 63, 161, 171, 184 Everyday life,  6, 19, 21, 34, 35, 81, 134, 223, 224, 227, 230 Exchange,  5, 10, 19, 55, 57, 60, 63, 65, 66, 69–72, 79, 83, 84, 89, 90, 93, 104, 105, 107, 112, 116, 120, 157, 162, 163, 167, 175, 222, 251, 253, 290, 316, 332, 359 Exploitation systems,  10 F Faith,  138, 146, 151 Family,  168, 173, 185, 225, 233 resemblance, 90 Fifteenth century,  58, 110, 239, 242 First Nations,  120 Fisheries,  7, 8, 161, 241, 244, 254 Florida,  3, 7, 297, 308 Floridablanca,  219, 222–225, 228, 229, 232, 233 settlement of,  222 Fort San Jose,  222 Foucault, M.,  50, 191, 358

Index

Freedom,  5, 120, 136, 137, 190, 341, 357 Frontier,  162, 357 Fruits,  21, 29, 31, 163, 171, 174, 176 G Gender,  135, 139, 144, 147, 151, 183, 184, 188, 194, 223, 228, 357, 358 Generalities, 2 Global,  3, 19, 35, 70, 80, 83, 86, 97, 157, 160, 175, 358 Gold mining,  314, 318, 328–330 Gosden, C.,  1, 2, 44, 48, 233 Government posts,  319 Grand narrative, 354–357, 360 Graphic representation,  22 Guatemala,  3, 79, 80, 85, 86, 88, 90, 91, 96, 97, 107 H Harbor,  283, 301, 303 Healing,  31, 145, 146, 151 Heritage,  3, 339, 342–345 Hispaniola,  313, 314, 316, 317, 328, 330, 332 Historical,  anthropology, 160 archaeology,  4, 6, 9 archives, 9 sources,  49, 56, 57, 155, 174, 178, 285, 334 Historiographical,  discourse, 4 representation,  3, 7, 10, 41 Historiography,  10, 26, 40, 42–44, 241 Household archaeology,  57 Housing context,  224–227, 230, 231 Hybridism,  1, 2, 354 Hybridity,  188, 196 Hybridization,  249, 252, 254 I Identities,  6, 151, 186, 188, 222, 227, 231, 327 Ideology,  3, 103, 105, 107, 108, 110, 111, 114, 144

Index

Imbalances,  134, 144 Immaterial evidence,  249 Immigration, 7 Indigenous,  archaeology,  5, 10, 59 sailors,  25, 250 Individual action,  8 Inequality,  80, 83, 84, 359 Infrastructure,  105–107, 110, 117, 119, 244 Innu,  249, 252 Intellectual traditions,  2 Inuit,  248, 249, 251–254 Iroquois, 249–252 Ivory,  10, 21, 34, 35 L Labor,  54, 59, 60, 69, 72, 81, 83, 88, 89, 91–93, 95, 122, 163, 174, 314 Labrador,  251, 253 Landing,  280, 283, 285, 286 Landscape,  2, 3, 7, 29, 160, 192, 222, 280, 294, 356 Latin America,  1, 2, 42, 82, 84 Leather,  10, 59, 170, 331 Legacies of colonialism,  4, 11 Linguistic,  9, 49, 134, 252 Lithic technology,  58, 59, 67 Local,  325, 341, 345, 359 consumption, 172 context,  2, 7 groups, 64 history,  2, 3 products, 72 resources, 10 settlement, 46 structures, 157 Long-term, 71 contact histories,  5, 160 M Manioc,  67, 156, 166, 171, 318 Mapoyo,  61, 66, 156, 162, 167, 171, 174, 176, 177 Maritime archaeology,  3, 281

367

Market dependence,  80–82, 93, 94, 96, 355, 359 Markets,  21, 84, 87, 89, 94, 106 Master narratives,  6, 7, 9 Material culture,  2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 19, 20, 29, 35, 48, 54, 71, 87, 136, 138, 143, 144, 151, 160, 191, 230, 280, 305, 344, 349 and novelty,  227 Material practices,  88, 96–98, 224, 228 Material world,  1, 2, 6, 12, 252 Materiality,  5, 143, 151, 195 Maya,  3, 9, 80, 81, 85, 86, 90, 92, 95–97, 108 Means of production,  66, 71, 72, 93, 221 Medicinal practices,  143 Medicine,  24, 31, 69, 143–146, 150 Mestizaje,  4, 185, 354 Mestizo/Hispano, 185 Metallurgy,  55, 72 Metanarrative, 10 Methodology,  9, 85, 318, 356 México,  3, 54–57, 59, 71, 72, 122, 308, 360 Mi’kmaq,  249, 251, 253 Middle ground colonialism,  54 Missionaries,  61, 64–66, 69, 145, 162, 167, 178, 359 Mixture,  1, 4, 308 Mobility,  188, 189, 233, 328, 335 Modernism,  339, 340 Modernity,  1, 10, 80, 81, 97, 219, 221, 224, 358 Mooring,  283, 292 Multicultural interaction,  6, 249 N Narratives, 353–355 National heritage,  339, 341–343, 347 National identity,  11 Nationalism, 169 Native agency,  178 Native histories,  5 Nautical landscapes,  279

368

Navigation,  19, 31, 280, 282, 286 Neutrality, 9 New Spain,  144, 145, 151, 188 Newfoundland,  241–243, 245, 251, 254, 358 Nineteenth century,  87, 125, 172, 284, 285, 287, 308, 340, 346 North America,  11, 81, 191, 240, 252, 299 Novelty,  2, 3, 6, 219, 220, 224, 227, 229, 231, 233, 356 O Officials,  88, 90, 145, 186, 358 Oral history,  62, 63, 186, 194 Oral tradition,  9, 155 Orinoco frontier,  3 Orinoco River,  156 Otherness, 233 P Pacification,  49, 50 Particularities,  2, 355, 360 Past,  2, 4, 12, 54, 231, 343 Patagonia,  7, 219, 229 Personal appearance,  229, 233 Personal objects,  231 Phenomenology,  191, 192 Physicality,  5, 144, 151 Pidgin, 253 Placitas, N.M.,  183, 194 Plants,  223, 285 Portugal,  2, 6, 7, 19, 21, 25, 28, 31–33, 355 Portuguese expansion,  7, 19, 21, 34 Post-colonial phenomena,  9, 10, 186 Pottery,  22, 55, 136, 164, 165, 171, 194, 248, 309 Power,  5, 56, 64, 66, 70, 80, 83, 84, 88, 90, 94, 97, 137, 145, 156, 178, 184, 195, 346, 357 Present,  3–5, 20, 349, 359 Presidio Nuestra Senora del Pilar de Los Adaes,  7, 143, 145, 147

Index

Q Quebec,  248, 250 R Racial miscegenation,  347 Rebellion,  61, 116, 123, 124, 169 Recombinant patterning,  118 Relativism, 308 Reliability, 9 Religiosity, 138 Religious novelties,  2 Resistance,  11, 43, 48, 61, 64, 80, 116, 137, 354 Rio de la Plata,  3, 219, 221 Ruptures,  219, 222–224, 228 Rural economic activities,  21, 69, 243, 313, 315, 327 S Sailors,  25, 241 Salt,  21, 111, 113, 122, 125, 333 San Jose de las Huertas,  183, 185, 187, 193, 194 San Julian Bay, Argentina,  222–224, 228 Sancti Spiritus,  7, 10, 39–44, 46, 48, 50, 356 Santa Cruz de la Sierra,  7 Santa Fe, N.M.,  183–185 Santarem, 344 Sarrapia,  155, 156, 172–176 Seventeenth century,  61, 86, 91, 107, 119, 120, 122, 124, 125, 242– 244, 246, 248, 252, 254, 284, 308 Sexuality,  151, 188, 196 Shipyard,  21, 29, 286–289 Silliman, S.,  5, 6, 12, 42, 44, 47, 48, 71, 160, 228 sixteenth century,  332, 335 Sixteenth century,  9, 82, 86, 87, 93, 114, 115, 118, 119, 121, 242, 245, 248, 251–253, 279, 284, 286, 289–291, 331, 333, 345 Slavery,  11, 32, 33, 82, 137, 139, 156

Index

Slaves,  21, 32, 33, 60, 64, 72, 108, 136, 137, 170, 286, 314, 327, 329 Social,  boundaries, 189 categories,  188, 225, 229, 231 features, 2 interaction,  3, 156, 222 practices,  49, 224 segmentation, 3 theorist, 1 South America,  3, 11, 25, 29, 59, 133, 173, 174, 280 Space,  5, 21, 29, 59, 87 Spain,  2, 6, 7, 44, 86, 125, 134 Spanish,  colonial context,  79–81, 83–85, 98, 145, 183, 188 colonialism,  5, 6, 40, 81, 138, 191 colonization,  61, 84, 97, 223, 229 Empire,  5, 138, 357 Texas,  3, 7, 145 Spatial scales,  4 Spirituality,  5, 144, 151 Subjective,  4, 9, 186 Sugar,  10, 19, 21, 23, 35, 92 Sugar cane,  10, 21, 155, 163, 316, 329 Sugarcane,  86, 92 T Technological,  change,  10, 11, 53, 54, 57, 59, 60, 63–65, 70–72 transformations, 3 Technology,  53, 54, 67, 70, 71, 167 Tehuelche,  219, 222–224, 229, 230 Temporal scales,  4, 5 Theory,  134, 354 Time,  1, 6, 7, 21, 69, 94 Tobacco,  10, 21, 25, 26, 60, 161, 174 Todorov, T.,  44, 49, 184 Tonka beans,  155 Toponymy,  9, 33, 240 Trade,  21, 28, 31, 34, 60, 61, 63, 71, 89, 107, 108, 117, 161, 162 Trade goods,  65, 167, 172, 358

369

Tradition,  26, 82, 134, 345 Traditional values,  10 Transculturation,  1, 134, 135, 139, 354 Tribute,  1, 81, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 115 Tropical Woods,  21, 28 Tupi-Guarani, 290 Turtle oil,  69, 155, 156, 164, 165, 167, 172, 175, 358 Twentieth century,  241, 285, 294 U Uncommon commodities,  10, 155, 161, 164, 358 United States,  2, 174, 297, 355 Urban economic activities,  315, 331 Urbanism, 355 V Values,  2, 65, 343 Venezuela,  3, 54, 59, 60, 71, 72, 155, 160, 161, 169, 174, 355 Voss, B.,  11, 80, 144, 160, 184, 188–190, 196, 349 W Watercraft,  280, 282, 287–289, 292 Women,  25, 66, 136, 165, 168, 183, 187, 189–191, 193, 195, 316, 319, 327, 333 Women’s roles,  183, 357 World Systems Theory,  81, 103, 104, 107 Written,  representation, 6 sources,  9, 19, 23, 28, 40, 46, 48, 50 X Xaltocan,  57, 58 Y Yucatan,  3, 104, 107, 109, 110, 115, 117, 119, 124, 125