Architectural design of a code division multiple access cellular system

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E1E1-E2 CM TECHNICAL Overview of CDMA 2000 1X & EVDO

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AGENDA CDMA Network architecture Introduction to Network entities Interfaces & Protocols Channel types & functions CDMA 2000 1X EVDO 1X & 1X EVDO comparison

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CDMA Network Architecture MSC

MS

EIR

E

Um

IWF

F

PSPDN

L Pi

BTS

Abis

BSC

A

PSTN

Ai

MSC

Di Q

Q

OMC

AUC

C

H

HLR

B

ISDN

D

VLR

N

SME

M

SME

M

SC

G

M

SC

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VLR

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Introduction to Network Entities BSS BSS consists of one or more BSCs and BTSs . BTS is responsible for radio transmission BSC for control and management.

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Base Transceiver Radio transceiving equipment of a certain cell Radio transmission through air interface between BTS and MS Controlled by BSC Communication to BSC through the Abis interface

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Base Station Controller Radio network management Radio BTS monitoring and management Controls handoff Carries out operation and maintenance of the BSS.

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Mobile Switching Subsystem Implements the main switching functions of the CDMA network Manages the database for user data and mobility.

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Mobile Switching Center Controls and implements voice channel connection for MSs within its coverage area Serving as an interface between CDMA and other networks.

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Functions of MSC Call connection Charging Assist radio resource management and mobility management. Implements GMSC function for call route establishment to the MS To query the location information of each MS.

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MSC databases Visitor Location Register Home Location Register Authentication Center

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Visitor Location Register A dynamic user database Stores user data of all MSs (visitors) within the MSC’s management range User ID MS’s location area information User status Services available for the user. VLR gets and stores all necessary data from the HLR of a mobile subscriber.

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Home Location Register A static database Stores the data for mobile subscriber management – Parameters related with the mobile subscriber • Subscriber’s ID • User type • Supplementary services – Current location information of the subscriber for call

route establishment. • ex: Address of MSC or VLR For internal circulation of BSNL only

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Authentication Center Implements MS authentication Stores the MS authentication parameters Generates and sends the corresponding authentication parameters according to the requests of MSC or VLR

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Short Message Center Responsible for receiving, storing and forwarding short messages Short message services include – Point-to-point – Cell broadcast service.

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Operation and Maintenance Management Subsystem Provides network operation and maintenance services Manages subscriber information Makes network planning Improves the efficiency and service quality of the whole system.

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OMC Includes OMC-S and OMC-R OMC-S is responsible for the maintenance on the MSS side OMC-R is responsible for the maintenance on the BSS side.

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Functions of OMC Maintenance test Obstacle check and handling System status monitoring Real time system control Data modification Performance management Subscriber tracking Alarm and traffic measurement.

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Interfaces and Protocols Air interface Um interface Between mobile station and BSS A interface - Interface between BSS and MSS Abis interface -Interface between BSC and BTS

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MSS internal interfaces

BTS

BSC

A

C MSC B

D

HLR/AUC

VLR

BSS E

N

VLR B Q MSC

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MC

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E interface Interface controlling different MSCs of adjacent areas. Used to exchange handoff information when the MS moves during a call Physical link is implemented through 2.048Mbit/s standard digital link between MSCs.

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CDMA 2000 1x air interface Forward Channels Reverse Channels

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Forward Channels Forward pilot channel (F_PICH) Base station uses this channel to transmit the pilot signals Guide the mobile stations to access the network. Forward sync channel (F-SYNCH) System time and frame synchronization information are sent to MS

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Forward Channels Forward paging channel (F-PCH) Paging, command and traffic channel allocation information Forward quick paging channel (F-QPCH) Base station quickly instruct MS about time slot to receive the control message on F-PCH or FCCCH. MS need not to monitor F-PCH or F-CCCH time slot all the time, so it saves much battery.

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Forward Channels Forward broadcast control channel (F-BCCH) For delivering system messages. Common assignment channel (F-CACH) Base station instructs MS which R-CCCH to use to send the access message And from which F-CPCCH channel to receive power control bit.

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Forward Channels

Forward common power control channel (F-CPCCH) Base station transmits reverse power control bit Forward common control channel (F-CCCH) To exchange control messages Used when MS has not set up a traffic channel

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Forward Channels Forward dedicated control channel (F-DCCH) Used by base station to transmit messages when the mobile station is in traffic channel state Forward fundamental traffic channel (F-FCH) Used to carry signaling, voice, low-rate packet service, circuit data services or auxiliary service

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Forward Channels

Forward supplemental channel (F-SCH) Used to carry high-rate packet data service on the forward link when MS enters traffic channel state. Forward supplemental code channel (F-SCCH) Used for data transfer. Forward power control sub-channel (F-PCSCH) Transmits persistently on the forward traffic channel. Used for reverse power control.

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Reverse Channels Reverse pilot channel (R_PICH) Used to assist the base station to detect the data transmitted by MS. Reverse access channel (R-ACH) Functions are same as the IS-95A reverse access channel. Reverse common control channel (R-CCCH) Used by base station and MS To exchange control messages when the mobile station has not set up a traffic channel yet. For internal circulation of BSNL only

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Reverse Channels

Reverse enhanced access channel (R-EACH) MS sends control messages to base station when it has not yet set up a traffic channel Reverse dedicated control channel (R-DCCH) Used to transmit messages when the mobile station is in traffic channel state

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Reverse Channels

Reverse fundamental channel (R-FCH) Used to carry signaling, voice, low-rate packet and circuit data services, or auxiliary services on the reverse link when the mobile station enters traffic channel state. Reverse supplemental channel (R-SCH) Used to carry high-rate packet data service

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Reverse Channels Reverse supplemental code channel (R-SCCH) Used to send user information to the base station during a call. Reverse power control sub-channel (R-PCSCH) Sub-channel of reverse pilot channel Includes reverse main power control sub-channel and reverse auxiliary power control sub-channel. Used for forward power control.

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CDMA2000 1x EV-DO

Evolution Data Optimized or Evolution Data Only Specification : IS-856. 1x EV-DO system structure involves a new radio network part overlaying the 1x system. Highest data transmission up to 3.1 Mb/s.

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Forward Channels features

Data rates range from 38.4 Kb/s ~ 3.1 Mb/s. Transmit full power without any power control. All users belonging to the same service sector share unique data service channel in the TDMA mode.

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Reverse Channels features

Data rate can reach at most 307.2 Kb/s. Soft handoff. Reverse channels follow Dynamic power control. Use of Rate control enables reverse link load adjustment.

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1 X vs EV DO

1x system Provides voice services and low/medium-speed data services 1x EV-DO system Provides high-speed packet data services 1x EV-DO and 1x systems use different carriers to transfer data. 1x EV-DO system RF equipment is compatible with 1x system. For internal circulation of BSNL only

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1x and 1x EV-DO Comparisons

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