PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews Bioactive activities of ginseng ginsenoside Rh1: a systematic review Nguyen Tien Huy, Hien Tam Dao Ngoc, Duy Hieu Truong, Ahmed Saeed, Mohamed Omar El-Nile, Yasmin Ghannam, Khoa Tran Dang, Thi Thanh Hoa Nguyen, Kadek Agus Surya Dila, Ghaleb Mehyar, Aswin Ratna Omar Kansakar Mattar
Citation Nguyen Tien Huy, Hien Tam Dao Ngoc, Duy Hieu Truong, Ahmed Saeed, Mohamed Omar El-Nile, Yasmin Ghannam, Khoa Tran Dang, Thi Thanh Hoa Nguyen, Kadek Agus Surya Dila, Ghaleb Mehyar, Aswin Ratna Omar Kansakar Mattar. Bioactive activities of ginseng ginsenoside Rh1: a systematic review. PROSPERO 2016:CRD42016051391 Available from http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO_REBRANDING/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42016051391
Review question(s) This study is being conducted to review the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rh1.
Searches We will perform searches on electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, POPLINE, Global Health Library (GHL), Virtual Health Library (VHL), the System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE), and the New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report (NYAM). There will be no restrictions on language or study design. The search terms are included in the PDF file attached (link provided below).
Types of study to be included Original articles except book chapters, posters, theses, editorials, conference papers, case reports and review papers.
Condition or domain being studied Ginseng, a traditional herb medicine, has gained increasing popularity in the world market due to various medicinal properties, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, enhancing immune response and cognition, hepatoprotective effects and protection against neurological disorders (1,2). These effects are closely related to the presence of various bioactive compounds in which ginsenosides are the major components (3-6). There are more than 30 ginsenosides which can be classified into at least 4 types of ginsenosides in Ginseng (7). Among these, Ginsenoside Rh1, a protopanaxatriol derivative, has been found to have stimulating effects on the central nervous system such as antifatigue and antihypertensive effects, anabolic stimulation, enhance mental acuity and intellectual performance (8). In addition, many studies have shown that ginsenoside Rh1 has neuroprotective effects, potential antineoplastic effects and acts as an adjuvant therapy in chronic inflammatory diseases to dexamethasone (9-11). We aim to systematically review the pharmacological effects of bioactive ginsenoside Rh1 on both human and animal subjects from the literature. References: 1. Dey A, De JN. Neuroprotective therapeutics from botanicals and phytochemicals against Huntington's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. Journal of Herbal Medicine. 2015;5(1):1-19. 2. Attele AS, Wu JA, Yuan C-S. Ginseng pharmacology: multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochemical pharmacology. 1999;58(11):1685-93. 3. Lee S-H, Oh M, Park J, Jang SY, Cheong SH, Lee H, et al. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract of fermented red ginseng marc. Food Science and Biotechnology. 2015;24(2):651-7. 4. Wang J-R, Yau L-F, Tong T-T, Feng Q-T, Bai L-P, Ma J, et al. Characterization of Oxygenated Metabolites of Page: 1 / 5
Ginsenoside Rb1 in Plasma and Urine of Rat. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2015;63(10):2689-700. 5. Ganesan P, Ko H-M, Kim I-S, Choi D-K. Recent trends of nano bioactive compounds from ginseng for its possible preventive role in chronic disease models. RSC Adv. 2015;5(119):98634-42. 6. Tang W, Eisenbrand G. Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. Chinese Drugs of Plant Origin: Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Use in Traditional and Modern Medicine. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 1992. p. 711-37. 7. Court WE. Ginseng: the genus Panax: Harwood Academic; 2000. 8. Li X-F, Lui CN-P, Jiang Z-H, Ken YK-L. Neuroprotective effects of ginsenosides Rh 1 and Rg 2 on neuronal cells. Chinese medicine. 2011;6(1):1. 9. Li J, Du J, Liu D, Cheng B, Fang F, Weng L, et al. Ginsenoside Rh1 potentiates dexamethasone’s antiinflammatory effects for chronic inflammatory disease by reversing dexamethasone-induced resistance. Arthritis research & therapy. 2014;16(3):1. 10. Yoon J-H, Choi Y-J, Lee S-G. Ginsenoside Rh1 suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression through inhibition of activator protein-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. European journal of pharmacology. 2012;679(1):24-33. 11. Choi Y-J, Yoon J-H, Cha S-W, Lee S-G. Ginsenoside Rh1 inhibits the invasion and migration of THP-1 acute monocytic leukemia cells via inactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Fitoterapia. 2011;82(6):911-9.
Participants/ population Inclusion criteria: All of the papers published up to August 2015 which give any information about any biological or pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rh1 on human or animal subjects in both in vivo and in vitro studies. No restrictions on language or study design. Exclusion criteria: Unreliably extracted data. Overlapped data. Data without full text. Book chapters, posters, theses, letters, editorials, conference papers, case reports and reviews.
Intervention(s), exposure(s) Ginsenoside Rh1, either administered alone or in combined with other regimes.
Comparator(s)/ control Where there are control groups such as placebo or other medications, a comparison will be performed.
Outcome(s) Primary outcomes Biological or pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rh1. Secondary outcomes None.
Data extraction, (selection and coding) Page: 2 / 5
Three reviewers will firstly screen the studies on the basis of the titles and abstracts of studies independently. Any discrepancies will be resolved by discussion and consensus with senior researchers, if necessary. Next, three independent reviewers will extract the information from each study onto a pre-designed form. Information included will be: basic information (title, author, publication year, journal name), study characteristics (name of the study, study design, country), participants/population characteristics (sample size, age, gender, race/ethnicity for human studies, species for animal studies), assessment of exposures and outcomes (IC50 for in vivo and in vitro studies; survival and adverse effects for human studies), statistical methods used for the analysis, comparison, risk estimates and 95% CIs, covariates that were matched or adjusted in the multivariable analysis. Any discrepancies will be resolved by senior investigators. For foreign language papers, translation will be arranged. In cases where data are not provided or contains obvious errors in the original publication (such as typographical errors, incorrect calculations, or incorrect factor designations), we will attempt to clarify the discrepancies directly with study authors for further details. Studies for which we cannot obtain clarification (after at least two attempts by e-mail) will be listed as “no data available”.
Risk of bias (quality) assessment Each paper will be appraised by three independent reviewers based on the reports of study design, the description of the subject/animal, the description of the method and assay, the description of the assessment of the variables, and the description of the control groups and the data collection procedures.
Strategy for data synthesis The extracted data will be grouped according to the usage and the pharmacological properties.
Analysis of subgroups or subsets None.
Dissemination plans This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Contact details for further information Nguyen Tien Huy Nguyen Tien Huy, M.D., Ph.D Associate Professor Department of Clinical Product Development Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan E-mail:
[email protected] or
[email protected] Tel: +81-95-819-7558 Fax: +81-95-819-7846 http://www.tm.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/nekken/english/research/clinical_development.html https://scholar.google.co.jp/citations?user=rP4OPyQAAAAJ&hl=en https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?origin=resultslist&authorId=7003362869&zone=
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https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Huy_Nguyen2/?ev=hdr_xprf
[email protected]
Organisational affiliation of the review Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Japan http://www.tm.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/nekken/english/
Review team Dr Nguyen Tien Huy, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan Miss Hien Tam Dao Ngoc, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Mr Duy Hieu Truong, Quang Binh Pharmaceutical Joint-Stock Company, Quang Binh, Vietnam Mr Ahmed Saeed, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt Mr Mohamed Omar El-Nile, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt Mr Yasmin Ghannam, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt Mr Khoa Tran Dang, Faculty of Medicine, Vo Truong Toan University, Hau Giang, Vietnam Ms Thi Thanh Hoa Nguyen, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Mr Kadek Agus Surya Dila, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia Mr Ghaleb Mehyar, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt Mr Aswin Ratna Omar Kansakar Mattar, Nepal Medical College, Kathmandu, Nepal Faculty of Medicine/Cairo University, Egypt
Anticipated or actual start date 23 August 2015
Anticipated completion date 23 January 2017
Funding sources/sponsors This study has not received any funding.
Conflicts of interest None known
Language English
Country Egypt, Japan, Vietnam
Subject index terms status Subject indexing assigned by CRD
Subject index terms Complementary Therapies; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Ginsenosides; Humans; Panax; Plant Extracts; Treatment Outcome
Stage of review Ongoing
Date of registration in PROSPERO 15 November 2016
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Date of publication of this revision 15 November 2016
Stage of review at time of this submission Preliminary searches Piloting of the study selection process Formal screening of search results against eligibility criteria Data extraction Risk of bias (quality) assessment Data analysis
Started
Completed
Yes Yes Yes No No No
Yes No No No No No
PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews The information in this record has been provided by the named contact for this review. CRD has accepted this information in good faith and registered the review in PROSPERO. CRD bears no responsibility or liability for the content of this registration record, any associated files or external websites.
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