FINAL REPORT
!"#
$ %"
$ &#"'
(( )
Final report CASITA Page 1 of 12
* + ,-
/
0-
( 0
1
.-
1)
!
"! !
%
&
' % '
( * *
#
& ) % $#
+ , #
$ )
$
+(#
.
/ 0
# #
% 1
2
/ 4 2 #
$ 1
(
( $
-/
%
"123 $
#
$% $ #
5
$ /( 60 * * ### #
. 2 ' # (# #
* ( )
( $
(
5 /
0
$ !
-/ % #
!
8
# #
!
:
9 ;
!
$/ /
$ 9
#
* . # +774$ +77. & #( # % "123 5 # # $ $ 3% 2$ # # 2 !
91"2 6
$ ! $#
# 91(662$/ :
<
' 3% 2
/
7$
+) =
>
# 5 •
$ 5
#
* * )
' 9
#
> Final report CASITA Page 2 of 12
• • • •
•
"
Modeling cyclone hazard in Bangladesh, in a study area South of Chittagong, using data of the April 1991 cyclone Assessment of the Impact of Land Subsidence, Sea Level Rise and Coastal Change in the city of Semarang, Java, Indonesia Monitoring changes in the Yellow river delta, China.
< ? • @< & > • &
>
•
3% 2 $1
<
> 5
>
(
2 6 (A2
3 •
5 @
• • • •
• •
• :
•
:
•
•
•
, /
#
> 3
%
2
% 2 $1 >
? / 2
>
%
B
0
>
$ !
$ 2 2
>
>
0
$ >
$
> 0
#
0
$
•
•
$2
%$3% 2
$ # 3% 2 $1 3% 2
? ;
$
$
;> • /
(
1
!
:
$
• 0
>
$
+ /
2 5 • • • • • • • •
4 '
: @ & : 2
#
> > > > > > ;
0 %
# #
% % 2$3 9
C % 0
)
2
-/
Final report CASITA Page 3 of 12
*)
2
0
• • • • • •
5 % @ 2 @
9 9
•
:
;
3
59" 3 0
? 9 % # 0 # $9 0 9 9
9
(
(
# %
-2% 2 $1 .9 # "123 ' "
% )$
/
F -
#
# ' -/
3G
< #
)
)
# ' %
>
D( E
#
#
-
/ 2
1
&
# -
F
.9 9
0
#
3% 2
#
$ #
9 $
# #
# # '
< )$ ! ;#
$ # $
$
#$ # %
%
# -2% #
&
#
9 0 <
#
5
#
/H$
5 % @ % 2$
0 9 9
!
' 2 @ # #
)$? <
-
-
/( 60 # 3% 2 #
# $
$ #'
#
9
$ 5 !
0 9 3 $
#
$ 0 (
/( 60 # -2% $3% 2 9 !I
$# $
$
#
! )
Final report CASITA Page 4 of 12
4+
? #
)
( )
5
1
(
%
1
4
.
$
J
$
J
# #
#
-2% -
#
# (
#
"(
"(
%C
-/ # $
-2% - + < +
# "9
5
#
$
$ 9 %
0
6
+
/
( # 0 9H # >
9
# $
#
$ (
3% 2
D
!
0 9
F #
0
+77. % #
• • • • -
& @ " @
' D ) ' D ) < ' + ) ' + #
)
Final report CASITA Page 5 of 12
$ * * I
I
I
$
# !
# $
# ( : % -/ ( "
< # "
< 2
3
%
2
( & # 2 3
%
2
> ( @
> # 3
% ( :
2
>
> #
2 2
3
(
>
2 2
3
% > #
(
-2% K "123L 0 %
4
7
% > >
"123 # K
#
%
# Final report CASITA Page 6 of 12
4
#
−
' D )
− − −
0 @ %
3% 2 ) /
' 4
2' .
)
0
' 4
) − +D
+D
&
' 4
)
. +D # #
J # #
! 2 #
/
< ' 91(662-) -
!D J
-#
# !I
#
,
)
*
2
3 (
9 !
"
>
$ !
5 5
#
@ #
) 1 #
$ &'
(
% % &'
)
(
%
% %
# ! !
#
$
$
< !
$% $# - $-/ $# # !
# -/
%#
#( $
# ( *
% %
+ (
% Final report CASITA Page 7 of 12
, %
(
-
( = 7
#
#
#
$
# #
$
! #
#
=
#
"
$
-
# =
#
"( # <
9
#
#
# #
( % $
#
(( ) -2% -
%$$ .
% #
!
#
$
&
<
#
$
#
% @ % 2
"123 #
"123 -
#
#
$# #
%
$
"123 "123
$# # -/
#
$ ( #
# < # # ' -9/0 )$ # # $ % #
2
# >
%C
# # - % $ #( % @ % 2% @ % 2 $ 5
3% 2
-/ >
#
# . # $ 92(
2 !
# $
$ # # # # # $ % #
# ( $ #
$ % %C 5
(
# $
-
%C
-
) 4))0 #
(
-
-
% Final report CASITA Page 8 of 12
& , ,
5
%
.
% %
#
) 4))0
$
$ •
$ 5 # #
-/ # # -9/0 % # • 0 $
-2% -
5 #
47$ 777 D7$ 777 ! +D77 47
% # # +4
• •
-2% #
#
-/
-90/
# -/
#
#
$
$#
% %
-/
# •
#
#
.
$ 9
#
% $ #
#
#
#
# !
# !
# •
#
$
!
0
! #
!
#
$
! •
#
$#
•
9 #
%$#
#
•
$
% -% $3
•
0 0
9
2
$
! #
# $
!
* $
•
%
"
! •
#
#
/ # $#
#
> Final report CASITA Page 9 of 12
•
%
-/
# -
> •
$
% 0
! !
#
# $
!
*
•
$
#
/
•
# $#
#
> •
-
#(
$ $
# 3% 2
#
2
% $ # -2% - % %
-
%C + $+77. & $ # % )$ % % # ' 2 @ )
, % % $-/ # 3 0 9 2 $ 9 ' ) • 0
#
+.
' % 0
-2% -
0
9 #
# (
#
-2% -$ $
= < #
$
• "9 •
-/
%C #
+ 87M
# " 9 > > 59
5 &
# +77.
$ , (
" $ # -2% -% % $ $ # "123 $ # 5
9 # "123
% "123 !
< # -
$"123
> #
•
-
#( 9
@
# 9
5 "
0 @
$ /
Final report CASITA Page 10 of 12
9
@ <
0
•
9
%
$
/
! #
@
# $ @ / $ # $
•
' 9 % ) @
$
0 !
•
/
#
( @
> < 5 # #
@
/
@ "9 -/
9 %
, 59
+77.$ $ 9 % #
$#
#
> *) 2
-
)
/
0
1&'
1
-
2
!
Final report CASITA Page 11 of 12
6/
0*)
7 ) 1
4 -
- 3 4
'
3
5 3
2
! 7
-3
/ 61 7 899 ! 5 + $!
2
1
2 5 5 3
-
-
-
!E 4
3
+
2
!
3
# %C
-3
+
-
3
% -2% - # * * ###
(
/
*
6
$
.
*
4)
/
)
8 + 4 . 8 D I F E 7
& "! & @ J & "
069 # #
9
5
#
#
Final report CASITA Page 12 of 12
Annex 3
CASITA participants
1
Mr. Shakil Akther Assistant Professor Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
Tel: (880-2) 966-5634 Fax: (880-2) 861-3046 Email:
[email protected]
2
Dr. K.M. Maniruzzaman Associate Professor Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh
Tel: (880-2) 966-5634 Fax: (880-2) 861-3046 Email:
[email protected]
3
Mr. Akhter Hossain Chaudhury
Mob: (880-171) 703-429 Fax: (880-41) 731-244 Email:
[email protected] m
Associate Professor Urban and Rural Planning Discipline Khulna University Khulna 9208 Bangladesh 4
Mr. Ajay Kumar Katuri
5
Research Associate School of Planning Centre for Environmental Planning & Technology (CEPT) University Road, Navrangpura Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India Mr. Mustafa Saroar Assistant Professor Urban and Rural Planning Discipline Khulna University Khulna 9208 Bangladesh
E-mail:
[email protected]
Tel: (880-41) 732-749 Fax: (880-41) 731-244 Email:
[email protected]
Annex 3, Page 1 of 9
6
Mr. Talat Munshi Lecturer School of Planning Centre for Environmental Planning & Technology (CEPT) University Road, Navrangpura Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
7
Mrs. Madhu Bharti Assistant Professor School of Planning Centre for Environmental Planning & Technology (CEPT) University Road, Navrangpura Ahmedabad 380009 Gujarat India
8
Mr. V. Hari Prasad
9
Hydrology & Watershed Management Water Resources Division Indian Institute of Remote Sensing 4, Kalidas Road, P.O. Box No. 135 Dehra Dun, Uttaranchal India Mr. B.S. Sokhi Civil engineering & town planning Human Settlements Analysis Group Indian Institute of Remote Sensing 4, Kalidas Road, P.O. Box No. 135 Dehra Dun, Uttaranchal India
10
Dr. Pramono Hadi. M.Sc. Research Center for Disasters Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281
Tel: (91-79) 630-2452 Fax: (91-79) 630-2075 Mob: (91-982) 4030846 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (91-79) 630-2452 Fax: (91-79) 630-2075 Email: madhubhartisharma@ya hoo.com
[email protected] [email protected]
Tel: +91 135 744583 Fax: +91 135 741987 / 748041 E-mail:
[email protected]
Tel: +91 135 744583 Fax: +91 135 741987 / 748041 E-mail:
[email protected]
Tel: (62-278) 548-812 Fax: (62-278) 548-812 Email:
[email protected]
Annex 3, Page 2 of 9
11
Dr. H.A. Sudibyakto Faculty of Geography Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281
12
13
14
Mr. Ridwan Sutriadi Lecturer Department of Regional and City Planning Institute of Technology Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 , Bandung 40132 Indonesia Mr. Bouavanh Luangsay Urban Planner and Architect Urban Research Institute (URI) Ministry of Communication, Transport Post and Construction (MCTPC) Dong Palane Road, Box Building P.O. Box 5067 Prefecture Vientiane Lao PDR
15
Mr. Vongsack Mixay Urban Planner Urban Research Institute (URI) Ministry of Communication, Transport Post and Construction (MCPTC) Dong Palane Road, Box Building P.O. Box 5067 Prefecture Vientiane Lao PDR Dr. Roshan Bajracharya
16
Assistant Professor Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences Kathmandu University Dhulikhel, Kavre P.O Box 6250 Kathmandu Nepal Dr. Suresh Battarai
Tel: (62-274) 902-340 Fax: (62-274) 589-595 Email:
[email protected] .id
[email protected] Tel: ( 62-22) 250-4735 Fax: (62-22) 250-1263 Email:
[email protected] [email protected]
Tel: (856-21) 412-285 Fax: (856-21) 416-527 Email:
[email protected] m
Tel: (856-21) 412-285 Fax: (856-21) 416-527 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (977-11) 661-399 Fax: (977-11) 661-443 Email:
[email protected]
Lecturer Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences Kathmandu University Dhulikhel, Kavre P.O Box 6250 Kathmandu Nepal
Annex 3, Page 3 of 9
17
Prof. Dr. Syed Hamidullah Professor and Director National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawar, Pakistan
Tel: (92-91) 9216428 (direct) 9216427/9 Fax: (92-91) 9218183 Email:
[email protected] [email protected]
18
Falak Nawaz
E-mail:
[email protected]
National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawar, Pakistan
19
20
21
22
Prof. Alex Ramon Q. Cabanilla Associate Professor School of Urban and Regional Planning University of the Philippines E. Jacinto St. 1101 Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines Prof. Rabinder Dickton S. Rye Assistant Professor School of Urban and Regional Planning University of the Philippines E. Jacinto St. U.P. Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines 1101 Mr. K.A.Y. Nandana Amunutuduwa System Engineer/Computer Instructor University of Moratowa Moratowa Sri Lanka Mr. P.K.S. Mahanama Lecturer University of Moratowa Moratowa, Sri Lanka
23
Dr. (Mrs) S.K. Mohamed Ali Senior Lecturer Department of Geography University of Ruhuna Wellamadama, Matara, Sri Lanka
Tel: (63-2) 920-6853 / 920-6854 Fax: (63-2) 927-3595 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (63-2) 927-4797 (UP PLANADES) / 920-6853 (Dean’s Office) Fax: (63-2) 927-3595 Email:
[email protected] Tel: (94-1) 650-301 ext. 7105 Fax: (94-1) 650-216 Email:
[email protected] Tel: (94-1) 650-921 Fax: (94-1) 650-216 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (94-9) 42711 Fax: (94-41) 22683 Email:
[email protected]
Annex 3, Page 4 of 9
24
Tel: (94-1) 537-247 Fax: (94-41) 22683 Email:
[email protected]
Dr. Premadasa Liyana Arachchi Senior Lecturer Department of Geography University of Ruhuna Welladama , Matara, Sri Lanka
25
Tel: (66-2) 524-5619 Fax: (66-2) 524-6380 Email:
[email protected]
Dr. Ranjith Perera Urban Environmental Management School of Environment , Resources & Development Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) P.O. Box 4 , Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
26
Mr. Shagun Mehrotra
27
Research Associate Urban Environmental Management School of Environment , Resources & Development Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) P.O. Box 4 , Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand Rajendra Prasad Shrestha
28
Associate Professor Natural Resource Management School of Environment , Resources & Development Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) P.O. Box 4 , Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand Mr. Shagun Mehrotra Research Associate Urban Environmental Management School of Environment , Resources & Development Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) P.O. Box 4 , Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
No photo available
Tel: (66-2) 524-5606 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (66-2) 524-5606 Email: shagunmehrotra@yahoo .com
Annex 3, Page 5 of 9
29
Mr. Chira Prangkio, M.A. Head Department of Geography Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
Tel: (66-53) 943-555 Fax: (66-53) 222-763 Email:
[email protected]
30
Mr. Tawee Chaipimonplin
Tel: (66-53) 943-555 Fax: (66-53) 222-763 Email: chaipimonplin@hotmail. com
Department of Geography Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand 31
Mr. Nguyen Cong Hung Hanoi Architectural University Km 10 Nguyen Trai Street Thanh Xuan District Hanoi Vietnam
32
Dr. Pham Khanh Toan Hanoi Architectural University Km 10 Nguyen Trai Street Thanh Xuan District Hanoi Vietnam
33
Tel: (84-4) 853-6744 Fax: (84-4) 854-1616 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (84-4) 733-4327 Fax: (84-4) 854-1616 Email:
[email protected]
Mr. Mai Vu Hanoi Architectural University Km 10 Nguyen Trai Street Thanh Xuan District Hanoi Vietnam
Resource Persons Dr. Cees van Westen Associate Professor & Project Supervisor Department of Earth Systems Analysis International Institute for GeoInformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC)
Tel: (31-53) 4874-263 Fax: (31-53) 4874-399 Email:
[email protected]
Hengelosestraat 99, P.O. Box 6 7500 AA Enschede The Netherlands
Annex 3, Page 6 of 9
Drs. Sabine Maresch Project Officer International Institute for GeoInformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC)
Tel: (31-53) 4874-386 Fax: (31-53) 4874-336 Email:
[email protected]
P.O. Box 6, 7500 AA Enschede The Netherlands
Annex 3, Page 7 of 9
Dr. Dinand Alkema Lecturer Department of Earth Systems Analysis
Dr. Paul Hofstee Urban Planner RS & GIS Specialist Department of Urban and Regional Planning and GeoInformation Management Dr. Gerard Bonne Head of CETEL Course GDTA PARC Technologies du canal 810 rue Hermes 31526 Ramonville St- Agne Cedex France Pascal Barbier ENSG Cite Descartes 6 et 8 avenue Blaise Pascal Champs-sur-Marne 77455 Marne La vallee Cedex 2 France Dr. Laurent Dalencon ENSG (E-Learning Development) Cite Descartes 6 et 8 avenue Blaise Pascal Chams-sor-Marne 77455 Marne Lavanllee Cedex 2 France Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) AIT Campus, P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
Tel: (31-53) 4874-286 Fax: (31-53) 4874-336 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (31-53) 4874-237 Fax: (31-53) 4874-399 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (33-561) 394920 Fax: (33-561) 394959 Email:
[email protected]
Tel : +33 1 64 15 32 34
[email protected]. fr
Tel: (33-769) 153001 Fax: (33-769) 153107 Email:
[email protected]
Tel: (66-2) 516-590010 Fax: (66-2) 5245350/5360
Annex 3, Page 8 of 9
Mr. N.M.S.I Arambepola Program Manager Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Programs Urban Risk Programs (Team Leader) Mr. Rajesh Sharma Information & Networking Manager/ CASITA Project Coordinator Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Program Dr. Buddhi Weerasinghe Project Manager Natural Disaster Risk Mitigation Primer for Asia Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Program
Ms. Clarence M. Carlos Information & Networking Coordinator Natural Disaster Risk Mitigation Primer for Asia Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Program
Ext: 401 Email:
[email protected]
Ext: 415 Email:
[email protected]
Ext: 332 Email:
[email protected]
Ext: 414 Email:
[email protected]
UN-OOSA: external quality assurance Dr. David Stevens Programme Officer Office for Outer Space Affairs United Nations office at Vienna Vienna
Tel (Office) ++43-(1)-26060-5631 E-mail:
[email protected]
Annex 3, Page 9 of 9
!
"#
$
% % $
&
"
" '
Annex 4, Page 1 of 4
! % "
%
! %
("
" (
)#
Annex 4, Page 2 of 4
* %
%
(
% +#
* ! %
Annex 4, Page 3 of 4
*
)
*
-
# /010 -// 221 314 23/, 2--
* 2, ,/ 25 234 2, /, ,40
# 320 5311, 4-4, 320 ,4-0 2--
(
! % 6
-
* ,-. , . 2, .0 ,40
(
7 ) #
(! % %
8 ( ;% 8
<
(
( % (
8 )97:8 9 ( "
$
( %
+
'
(" % (
Annex 4, Page 4 of 4
Bangladesh: • Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh. Contact person: Dr. K.M. Maniruzzaman (E-mail:
[email protected]). Case study: Use of GIS for earthquake loss estimation for the city of Rajshahi, Northern Bangladesh • Khulna University, Bangladesh (not present) Contact person: Mr. Akhter Hossain Chaudhury (E-mail:
[email protected]). Case study: Use of GIS for flood risk assessment for an area along the Rupsha River. India
•
•
Indonesia
•
•
Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology, Ahmedabad, India. Contact person: Mrs. Madhu Bharti (E-mail:
[email protected]). Case study: Use of Radius for earthquake loss estimation for the city of Ahmedabad. Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Dehra dun, India. Contact person: Mr. V. Hari Prasad (E-mail:
[email protected]) Case study: Earthquake loss estimation for the city of Dehradun. Institut Tecknologi, Bandung (ITB), Indonesia. Contact person: Ridwan Sutriadi (E-mail:
[email protected]). Case study: Use of GIS for development planning in North Bandung. Gadjah Mada University, Indonesia.
[email protected] !" # & () !
Lao PDR
Nepal
$
%
' !
(
•
Urban Research Institute, Lao. Contact person: Mr. Vongsack Mixay (E-mail:
[email protected]) Case study: Urban fire risk assessment for the city of Vientiane.
•
Kathmandu University, Nepal. Contact person: Dr. Roshan Bajracharya (
[email protected]) Case study: Use of Radius for earthquake loss estimation in Banepa, Nepal.
Annex 5, Page 1 of 2
Pakistan
•
Philippines •
Sri Lanka
•
•
Thailand
•
•
Vietnam
•
University of Peshawar, Pakistan. Contact person: Prof. Dr. Syed Hamidullah (E-mail:
[email protected]) Case study: Flood hazard and risk assessment for the city of Muzeraffabad, Pakistan. University of Philippines. Contact person: Prof. Alex Ramon Q. Cabanilla. (
[email protected]). Case study: Use of GIS for evaluating mitigation strategies in a (hypothetical) flood prone municipality. University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka. Contact person: Prof. Dr. Premadasa Liyana Arachchi (
[email protected]) Case study: Flood hazard and risk assessment for the Ratnapura area, Sri Lanka. University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. Contact person: Dr. P.K.S. Mahanama (
[email protected]) Case study: Flood risk assessment for a part of Colombo. Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Contact person: Dr. Chira Prangkio (E-mail:
[email protected]) Case study: Landslide hazard and risk assessment for Phayao province, North Thailand. Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand. Contact person: Rajendra Prasad Shrestha (e-mail:
[email protected]) Case study: no case study developed in the framework of the CASITA project. Hanoi Architectural University, Vietnam. *! + ! , - . "
!
! (
Annex 5, Page 2 of 2
UNITED NATIONS OFFICE AT VIENNA OFFICE DES NATIONS UNIES A VIENNE OFFICE FOR OUTER SPACE AFFAIRS
Vienna International Centre P.O. BOX 500, A 1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA TELEPHONE (43 1) 26060-5631; FAX: (43 1) 26060-5830 E-mail:
[email protected] URL: http://www.oosa.unvienna.org
April 27th, 2004 Dear Dr. van Westen, !"
#$
%$First of all I would like to thank-you for the opportunity provided to our Office to participate in the final workshop of the CASITA project. As we discussed in Dehra Dun there are a number of opportunities to build upon from the significant results of this 1year project. As requested I am summarising in the attachment the final discussion session, which I coordinated and which provided us with an excellent opportunity to evaluate the benefits, understand the limitations but most importantly provide us with a collective vision of how to move forward. We look forward to continue working with ITC, particularly through the UNaffiliated Regional Centres. Yours sincerely,
David Stevens Programme Officer Office for Outer Space Affairs
Annex 6, Page 1 of 4
&
'
(
)
)
**
!
" !#! " !$ ! % & '( ) ! &! ! % #*!+ , & %# ! (! ! . ) + ! ) ! !/ !) $! ! ( +! ) !$ ! ! ! !"0% 1 # % $! $ +$ $ ! 2 " -! 3 ! ( ! + !+ $! ) ! !( ! $ !$$ 4 !! ( + 2 !"
) (4 0% ! ! -! 3 ! " ! +! ( " + (4 " 4 + 4 ! !$ + ! +!" ) 2 ! ! ! 4!" + 5 ! '" " " !' % " " " ! !!+4 +$ !+ $$ ! % / ! 2 ( 4
" !" ! 4 !/ !$ 4 ! ! ( + !"# % 0% $ ) !$ !" $ !) 7! ) ( $! $ ! 4 ! ( ( ! ! + !$$ " ! +! ) ! +" 2 '
+
,(
( "
! ! " 4 !/ ! ( " ! !) ) !" +! % ! !"
4) ( 6 ) ! + - ! +$ ! ( !$ ! !!+ ! ) !$ ) 2 " ! !) !" $!
! !" !/
)
!/ - ) 4 "2 % +!" " !$ ! -! 3 +" ! !" $ ( " " 4 "!$ ! ( $ $! ! 3 ! $! ) ! + - ! ! !" !/ ! +! , !" + ! 7 + !" " !$ ! 2 !! ( ! + (4 8 3(! 9: % " + 4( " 28 3(! ( !" ! ! " !$ ! ) !+ ; ! " 7 9: % ( !) " ( + ) ! ; ) # %< 0% !"!( !$ )!) "!$ ) 4( + +!" !/ 2 !/ ; 4 ! ! !
)
+ $! $ ! ) !$ !" # %< 0%
-
(
"!" )
