Doses de aplicação de nitrogênio e potássio em relação à podridão parda e sarna em ameixeira \'Reubennel\' na região de Araucária, Paraná

7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\YRO &RS\ULJKWE\WKH%UD]LOLDQ3K\WRSDWKRORJLFDO6RFLHW\3ULQWHGLQ%UD]LO ZZZVE¿WRFRPEU

RESEARCH ARTICLE / ARTIGO

Doses de aplicação de nitrogênio e potássio em relação à podridão parda e sarna em ameixeira ‘Reubennel’ na região de Araucária, Paraná Louise L. May-De-Mio1,QrV7XWLGD1$QW{QLR&90RWWD2, Marcos A. Dolinski1, Beatriz M. Serrat2 & Denise Monteguti1 

'HSDUWDPHQWRGH)LWRWHFQLDH)LWRVVDQLWDULVPR 'HSDUWDPHQWRGH6RORVH(QJHQKDULD$JUtFROD8QLYHUVLGDGH)HGHUDOGR 3DUDQi&[3RVWDO&XULWLED35%UDVLO $XWRUSDUDFRUUHVSRQGrQFLD/RXLVH/0D\'H0LRHPDLOPD\GHPLR#XISUEU

RESUMO 2HVWDGRQXWULFLRQDOGRKRVSHGHLURSRGHLQÀXHQFLDUQDVHYHULGDGHGHYiULDVGRHQoDVGHSODQWDVHPERUDH[LVWDSRXFDLQIRUPDomR UHODFLRQDQGRQXWULomRPLQHUDOFRPSRGULGmRSDUGDHVDUQDHPDPHL[HLUD2REMHWLYRGRSUHVHQWHWUDEDOKRIRLDYDOLDUGXUDQWHWUrVVDIUDVR HIHLWRGDDGXEDomRQLWURJHQDGDHSRWiVVLFDDSOLFDGDDRVRORQDLQFLGrQFLDGDSRGULGmRSDUGDHQDLQFLGrQFLDHVHYHULGDGHGDVDUQDSDUD DPHL[HLUDµ5HXEHQQHO¶HPSRPDUFRPHUFLDOQR0XQLFtSLRGH$UDXFiULD352VWUDWDPHQWRVFRQVLVWLDPGHFLQFRGRVHVGHQLWURJrQLR HNJKDDQR DSOLFDGRQDIRUPDGHXUpLDHGXDVGH.HNJKDDQR DSOLFDGRQDIRUPDGHFORUHWRGHSRWiVVLR$ LQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRSDUGDIRLDYDOLDGDQDFROKHLWDGHWHUPLQDQGRVHDLQFLGrQFLDHPWRGRVRVIUXWRVSURGX]LGRV$LQFLGrQFLDGHVDUQDIRL DYDOLDGDHPDPRVWUDGHIUXWRVGHVVHVFRQVLGHUDGRVSDUDDYDOLDomRGDVHYHULGDGH$PDLRULQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRSDUGDIRLREWLGDQD PDLRUGRVHGH.GHNJKDDQRHQDVPDLRUHVGRVHVGH1GHHNJKDDQRFRPSDUDGRFRPDVRXWUDVGRVHVXWLOL]DGDV2SRWiVVLR QDGRVHGHNJKD DQRUHGX]LXDVHYHULGDGHGHVDUQDQRVIUXWRHPSDUDDVDIUDGH$RFRQWUiULRDPDLRUGRVHGH1 DXPHQWRXDVHYHULGDGHGHVDUQDSDUDDVDIUDGH$LQFLGrQFLDGHVDUQDQmRDSUHVHQWRXGLIHUHQoDHPIXQomRGDDGXEDomRQLWURJHQDGD XWLOL]DGD1mRKRXYHLQWHUDomRHQWUHDVGRVHVGHQLWURJrQLRHRSRWiVVLRQDLQFLGrQFLDRXVHYHULGDGHGHVDUQDHSRGULGmRSDUGD Palavras-chave:3UXQXVVDOLFLQD0RQLOLQLDIUXFWLFROD&ODGRVSRULXPFDUSRSKLOXPQXWULomRPLQHUDO ABSTRACT Rate of application of nitrogen and potassium in relation to brown rot and scab in plum ‘Reubennel’ in the region of Araucária, Paraná 0LQHUDOQXWULWLRQRIKRVWSODQWVLVNQRZQWRLQÀXHQFHWKHVHYHULW\RIQXPHURXVSODQWGLVHDVHVEXWOLWWOHLQIRUPDWLRQLVDYDLODEOHRQ UHODWLRQVKLSVRIPLQHUDOHOHPHQWVWREURZQURWDQGVFDELQSOXPWUHHV7KHREMHFWLYHRIWKLVVWXG\ZDVWRHYDOXDWHWKHHIIHFWVRIQLWURJHQDQG SRWDVVLXPDSSOLHGWRWKHVRLORQEURZQURWDQGVHYHULW\RIVFDELQSOXPFYµ5HXEHQQHO¶GXULQJWKUHHFURS\HDUVLQDFRPPHUFLDORUFKDUG ORFDWHGLQ$UDXFiULD3DUDQi6WDWH%UD]LO7KHWUHDWPHQWVZHUH¿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eywords:3UXQXVVDOLFLQD0RQLOLQLDIUXFWLFROD&ODGRVSRULXPFDUSRSKLOXPQXWULWLRQ

INTRODUÇÃO (QWUH DV GRHQoDV D SRGULGmR SDUGD >0RQLOLQLD IUXFWLFROD*:LQWHU +RQH\@pDSULQFLSDOGRHQoDI~QJLFD GDV URViFHDV GH FDURoR GH FOLPD WHPSHUDGR QR 3DUDQi UHVSRQViYHO SRU SUHMXt]RV QD SURGXomR GH DPHL[D 1HVVD

3DUWH GD 'LVVHUWDomR GH 0HVWUDGR GD VHJXQGD DXWRUD 8QLYHUVLGDGH )HGHUDOGR3DUDQi&XULWLED35

7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\ -DQXDU\)HEUXDU\

UHJLmRDVDUQD9HQWXULDFDUSRSKLOD(()LVKHUDQDPRUIR &ODGRVSRULXPFDUSRSKLOXP7KP pRXWUDGRHQoDTXHYrP FDXVDQGRGHSUHFLDomRGRVIUXWRVGHDPHL[HLUDVHQGRPDLV VHYHUDQRV~OWLPRVDQRV 2V VLQWRPDV GH SRGULGmR SDUGD QRV IUXWRV PDGXURV RX HPIDVHGHPDWXUDomRVmRSHTXHQDVOHV}HVSDUGDFHQWDV TXH DSyV D FRORQL]DomR GR IXQJR HYROXHP SDUD PDQFKDV PDUURP HVWHV IUXWRV LQIHFWDGRV SRGHP FDLU QDWXUDOPHQWH RXVHUHPUHPRYLGRVQRUDOHLRQDSUpRXQDFROKHLWD0D\ 'H0LRHWDO $VDUQDDSUHVHQWDSHTXHQDVPDQFKDV DUUHGRQGDGDVQDVXSHUItFLHGRVIUXWRVTXHSRGHPGHSUHFLDU 

//0D\'H0LRHWDO

HSUHMXGLFDUDVXDFRPHUFLDOL]DomRRVHXFLFORRFRUUHXPD Vy YH] GXUDQWH R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR IUXWR $QGUDGH  'XFURTXHW  $LQFLGrQFLDGDVGLIHUHQWHVGRHQoDVYDULDFRQIRUPH FRQGLo}HVFOLPiWLFDVORFDOL]DomRGRSRPDUWLSRGHVRORH VXVFHWLELOLGDGH GD YDULHGDGH$ VXVFHWLELOLGDGH GDV SODQWDV SRGH DLQGD YDULDU FRQIRUPH R VHX HVWDGR QXWULFLRQDO SRLV XPD  QXWULomR HTXLOLEUDGD p HVVHQFLDO QR DXPHQWR GD UHVLVWrQFLD GDV SODQWDV jV SUDJDV H GRHQoDV )HOLFLDQR  6DFKV  2VQXWULHQWHVPLQHUDLVSRGHPDXPHQWDURXGLPLQXLU DUHVLVWrQFLDGDVSODQWDVjVGRHQoDVGHYLGRDRVHXHIHLWRQR FUHVFLPHQWR QD PRUIRORJLD QD DQDWRPLD H QD FRPSRVLomR TXtPLFDGDSODQWD0DUVFKQHU 'HQWUHRVQXWULHQWHV R QLWURJrQLR 1  H R SRWiVVLR .  GHVHPSHQKDP SDSHO LPSRUWDQWHQDVDQLGDGHGRVIUXWRV(PJHUDORH[FHVVRGH1 SRGHDXPHQWDUHRGH.UHGX]LUDVXVFHWLELOLGDGHGDVSODQWDV jVGRHQoDV.LVKLQRHWDO+XEHU 7KRPSVRQ  DLQGD LQWHUDomR HQWUH HVVHV HOHPHQWRV VmR REVHUYDGRV D DSOLFDomRGH.SRGHDXPHQWDUDDEVRUomRGHQLWUDWR+XEHU 7KRPSVRQ  $SOLFDo}HV VXSUDyWLPDV GH . FRPXPHQWH QmR FDXVDP HIHLWR VLJQL¿FDWLYR QDV GRHQoDV SRUpP R H[FHVVR GH1SRGHIDYRUHFHUGRHQoDVSULQFLSDOPHQWHTXDQGRR. HVWLYHUHPQtYHLVEDL[R$VVLP0DUVFKQHU UHFRPHQGD TXHR1VHMDXWLOL]DGRHPGRVHVHTXLOLEUDGDVFRPRVRXWURV QXWULHQWHV &RPSRXFDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGHFXOWLYDUHVUHVLVWHQWHV jV GRHQoDV H[LVWH XPD GHPDQGD SRU SDUWH GRV SURGXWRUHV HP SHVTXLVD SDUD D DQiOLVH GR FRPSRUWDPHQWR GHVVDV QDV FRQGLo}HV ORFDLV  $OpP GLVVR R PDQHMR DGHTXDGR GD DGXEDomR D UiSLGD GLDJQRVH H D DSOLFDomR GH PHGLGDV GH FRQWUROHVmRIDWRUHVIXQGDPHQWDLVSDUDPLQLPL]DURVGDQRV SURYRFDGRVSRUGRHQoDV(PEUDSD&3$&7  &RQVLGHUDQGRRVDVSHFWRVDFLPDUHODFLRQDGRVHTXH RV QXWULHQWHV 1 H . SRGHP LQÀXHQFLDU QD RFRUUrQFLD GH GRHQoDVRSUHVHQWHWUDEDOKRREMHWLYRXDYDOLDUDLQFLGrQFLD GHSRGULGmRSDUGDHDLQFLGrQFLDHVHYHULGDGHGHVDUQDHP IUXWRV GH DPHL[HLUD µ5HXEHQQHO¶ FXOWLYDGD FRP GLIHUHQWHV GRVHVGH1H.GXUDQWHWUrVVDIUDVFRQVHFXWLYDV  H   HP SRPDU FRPHUFLDO VLWXDGR HP $UDXFiULD35 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS 2H[SHULPHQWRIRLLQVWDODGRQRDQRGHHPiUHD FRPHUFLDOGD)UXWLFXOWXUD*D\HUFRPDPHL[HLUDµ5HXEHQQHO¶ VREUHRSRUWDHQ[HUWRµ2NLQDZD¶LPSODQWDGRQRDQRGH QR0XQLFtSLRGH$UDXFiULDHPVRORWLSRFDPELVVROR$iUHD H[SHULPHQWDO IRL FRQVWLWXtGD GH FLQFR OLQKDV HVSDoDGDV GH VHLVPHWURVHQDOLQKDGHWUrVPHWURVHQWUHSODQWDV$FROHWD GRVGDGRVIRLUHDOL]DGDQDVHJXQGDHQDTXDUWDOLQKDFRP FLQFR SODQWDV FDGD SDUFHOD VHQGR WUrV SODQWDV QD iUHD ~WLO RQGH IRUDP UHDOL]DGDV DV DYDOLDo}HV GXUDQWH WUrV VDIUDV FRQVHFXWLYDV   H (P FDGD VDIUD IRUDPUHDOL]DGDVGXDVFROKHLWDVVHQGRDSULPHLUDQDVHJXQGD 

TXLQ]HQD GH GH]HPEUR H D VHJXQGD FROKHLWD QD SULPHLUD TXLQ]HQDGHMDQHLUR 2GHOLQHDPHQWRH[SHULPHQWDOXWLOL]DGRIRLHPEORFRV DR DFDVR FRP WUrV UHSHWLo}HV HP HVTXHPD IDWRULDO 2V WUDWDPHQWRVXWLOL]DGRVIRUDPFLQFRGRVHVGH1 HNJKDDQR QDIRUPDGHXUpLDSDUFHODGDHPWUrV SHUtRGRVGXUDQWHDÀRUDomR DSyVUDOHLR HDSyV FROKHLWD HGXDVGRVHVGH.HNJGH.2KD DQR  QD IRUPD GH FORUHWR GH SRWiVVLR SDUFHODGD HP GRLV SHUtRGRVGXUDQWHDÀRUDomR HDSyVRUDOHLR 2 SDUFHODPHQWRGDVDGXEDo}HVIRLUHDOL]DGRGHDFRUGRFRPDV QRUPDVGDSURGXomRLQWHJUDGDGHSrVVHJR3,3 )DFKLQHOOR HWDO $DGXEDomRIRLUHDOL]DGDPDQXDOPHQWHQDiUHD GHSURMHomRGDFRSDVHPLQFRUSRUDomR $VSRGDVLQYHUQRHYHUmR HRUDOHLRIRUDPUHDOL]DGRV FRQIRUPH R PDQHMR DGRWDGR QD SURSULHGDGH 2 PDQHMR ¿WRVVDQLWiULRGHSUDJDVGHGRHQoDVHGDVSODQWDVLQYDVRUDV IRLUHDOL]DGRXQLIRUPHPHQWHHQWUHRVWUDWDPHQWRVGHDFRUGR FRPRVLVWHPD3,3SURSRVWRSHORJUXSRWpFQLFRGR3DUDQi GHQWURGDVQRUPDVWpFQLFDVGD3,3)DFKLQHOORHWDO  $DYDOLDomRGDSRGULGmRSDUGDIRLUHDOL]DGDHPWUrV IDVHVQDÀRUDomRQRUDOHLRHQDFROKHLWD3DUDDGHWHFomR GHSRGULGmRSDUGDQDÀRUDomRDVÀRUHVIRUDPFROHWDGDVHP SOHQDÀRUDomRTXDQGRSHORPHQRVGDVÀRUHVHVWDYDP DEHUWDV  HP SODQWDV SUpGHWHUPLQDGDV HP FDGD SDUFHOD H[SHULPHQWDO IRUDP FROHWDGDV DOHDWRULDPHQWH GH IRUPD KRPRJrQHD  ÀRUHVSODQWD HPEDODGDV HP FDUWXFKRV GH SDSHOHOHYDGDVDRODERUDWyULR2EMHWLYDQGRSURSRUFLRQDUjV ÀRUHV FRQGLo}HV LGHDLV DR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR SDWyJHQR H LGHQWL¿FDomRGRIXQJRQDVHVWUXWXUDVÀRUDLVDVÀRUHVIRUDP GLVWULEXtGDVHPFDL[DVWLSR³*HUER[´FRPDWDPSDGDFDL[D VHUYLQGRFRPREDVHIRUUDGDFRPSDSHOGH¿OWURHVWHULOL]DGR HXPHGHFLGRFRPiJXDHVWpULOHPQ~PHURGHÀRUHVSRU FDL[D PDQWLGDV SRU WUrV GLDV D ž& HP %2' H GHSRLV PDLVWUrVGLDVDž&HP%2'HQRVpWLPRGLDDYDOLRX VH D LQFLGrQFLD GD GRHQoD FRP R DX[tOLR GH PLFURVFySLRV HVWHUHRVFySLFRVHyWLFRVDGDSWDGRGH/XRHWDO  3DUD DYDOLDomR GD LQFLGrQFLD GH SRGULGmR SDUGD QR UDOHLR SDUD DV WUrV VDIUDV GH DYDOLDomR IRL FRQVLGHUDGD D RFRUUrQFLD GH PDQFKDV SDUGDV HP XPD DPRVWUD GH  IUXWRV SRU SDUFHOD 'RLV GLDV DQWHV GH FDGD FROKHLWD H QR PRPHQWRGDFROKHLWDTXDQWL¿FRXVHRQ~PHURWRWDOGHIUXWRV SURGX]LGRVFRPVLQWRPDGDGRHQoDHVVHVIUXWRVHVWDYDPQD SODQWDRXUHFpPFDtGRVQRVRORFRPRVLQWRPD$LQFLGrQFLD GDGRHQoDIRLFRUUHODFLRQDGDFRPRQ~PHURWRWDOGHIUXWRV SURGX]LGRVQDFROKHLWD $ DYDOLDomR GD VDUQD IRL UHDOL]DGD SRU LQFLGrQFLD SRUFHQWDJHP GH IUXWRV GRHQWHV  H VHYHULGDGH Q~PHUR GH OHV}HV SRU IUXWR  QD FROKHLWD 'XUDQWH D FROKHLWD IRUDP FROHWDGRVIUXWRVSRUSDUFHODHGHWHUPLQRXVHDLQFLGrQFLD GDGRHQoD3DUDDVHYHULGDGHFRQVLGHURXVHXPDVXEDPRVWUD GHIUXWRVDWULEXLQGRQRWDVGHDFRUGRFRPHVFDODGHVFULWLYD SURSRVWD SRU 0D\'H 0LR   FRQIRUPH R Q~PHUR GH OHV}HVHPWRGRRIUXWRVHPVLQWRPD FRPDOHV}HV GHVDUQD FRPDOHV}HVGHVDUQD FRPDOHV}HV GHVDUQD HFRPPDLVGHOHV}HVGHVDUQD 3DUDDQiOLVH 7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\ -DQXDU\)HEUXDU\

3RGULGmRSDUGDHVDUQDHPDPHL[HLUDµ5HXEHQQHO¶VREGRVHVGHQLWURJrQLR

GRVGDGRVIRLFRQVLGHUDGDDPpGLDGDVGXDVGDWDVGHFROKHLWD SDUDFDGDVDIUD $VDQiOLVHVSDUDDYDOLDURHIHLWRGRXVRGH1H.HVXDV LQWHUDo}HVSDUDDVGXDVGRHQoDVIRUDPUHDOL]DGDVXWLOL]DQGR VHRVLVWHPDHVWDWtVWLFR55'HYHORSPHQW&RUH7HDP“ RV JUi¿FRVHDVUHJUHVV}HVIRUDPIHLWRVSHORSURJUDPD([FHO“ H(VWDWtVWLFD“ RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO ,QFLGrQFLD GD SRGULGmR SDUGD VRE FLQFR GRVHV GH QLWURJrQLRHGXDVGHSRWiVVLR 1DV VDIUDV DFRPSDQKDGDV QmR IRL GHWHFWDGD LQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRSDUGDQDVÀRUHVHQRVIUXWRVQRUDOHLR GLIHUHQWHPHQWHGRREVHUYDGRQDOLWHUDWXUDLQWHUQDFLRQDORQGH IRLHYLGHQFLDGDDLPSRUWkQFLDGDLQIHFomRGDSRGULGmRSDUGD GHVGHDÀRUDomRHPDPHL[HLUD/XR 0LFKDLOLGHV  (QWUH DV GXDV GDWDV GH FROKHLWD SDUD D VDIUD GH REVHUYRXVHGLIHUHQoDQDSURSRUomRGHLQFLGrQFLD GH SRGULGmR SDUGD VHQGR PDLRU QD VHJXQGD FROKHLWD GH MDQHLUR  RV YDORUHV GH LQFLGrQFLD YDULDUDP GH   QD SULPHLUD PHDGRV GH GH]HPEUR  SDUD   QD VHJXQGD FROKHLWDFRPGLIHUHQoDHVWDWtVWLFDHQWUHHODV(VWHUHVXOWDGR HUD HVSHUDGR GHYLGR j HYROXomR GD GRHQoD QR WHPSR D UHGXomR GH SXOYHUL]DomR GXUDQWH D FROKHLWD H DV FRQGLo}HV FOLPiWLFDV QHVVH SHUtRGR QRUPDOPHQWH FRLQFLGLUHP FRP DV LGHDLV SDUD DXPHQWR GD GRHQoD FRQIRUPH REVHUYDo}HV UHDOL]DGDVSRUYiULRVDXWRUHV$GDVNDYHJHWDO(PHU\ HW DO  /XR  0LFKDLOLGHV   $OpP GLVVR Ki PDLRUSRVVLELOLGDGHGDRFRUUrQFLDGHLQVHWRVQHVWDUHJLmRQR SHUtRGRGHGH]HPEURDMDQHLURDXPHQWDQGRDSUREDELOLGDGH GH RFRUUHU IHULPHQWRV QRV IUXWRV $LQGD R SUySULR DWR GD SULPHLUDFROKHLWDTXDQGRRVIUXWRVGRHQWHVHUDPUHWLUDGRV RXFDtDPSRVVLELOLWDQGRPDLRUGLVSHUVmRGRLQyFXORQDiUHD 0RUHLUD  (PUHODomRDR1QDSULPHLUDVDIUD DSHQDV QDGRVHGHNJ1KDDQRIRLHVWDWLVWLFDPHQWHVXSHULRUDRV GHPDLVS .1DVDIUDVHJXLQWHRFRUUHXXPDPDLRU LQFLGrQFLD GD GRHQoD H R DXPHQWR QDV GRVHV LQFUHPHQWRX DLQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRSDUGDVHQGRTXHDVGRVHVGH H  NJ 1 KD DQR IRUDP VLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWH VXSHULRUHV

Incidência (%)



 





TXH DV GHPDLV S    HYLGHQFLDGR WDQWR QD DQiOLVH GH LQWHUDo}HV FRPR QD UHJUHVVmR -i QD VDIUD GH  TXDQGR D LQFLGrQFLD IRL EDL[D QmR IRL REVHUYDGR HIHLWR GD DGXEDomRS KRXYHDSHQDVXPDWHQGrQFLDS  VHJXQGR UHJUHVVmR SROLQRPLDO )LJ  $VVLP R HIHLWR GR 1VREUHDSRGULGmRSDUGDYDULRXHQWUHDVVDIUDVDJUDYDQGR R SUREOHPD GD GRHQoD HP DQRV GH PDLRU LQFLGrQFLD&DEH UHVVDOWDUTXHDGRVHGH1XWLOL]DGDSHORSURGXWRUHUDGH NJKDDQRHTXHRXVRGDVGRVHVGHHNJKDDQR SURSRUFLRQDUDPPDLRUVRPEUHDPHQWRVXJHULQGRH[FHVVRGH 1'ROLQVNL  $VVLPGHDFRUGRFRPRVUHVXOWDGRVGDVHJXQGDVDIUD RH[FHVVRGH1SRGHDXPHQWDUDVXVFHWLELOLGDGHjVGRHQoDV FRPRKDYLDPPHQFLRQDGR.LVKLQRHWDO HRUHODWDGR SRU0DUVFKQHU TXHRH[FHVVRGH1UHGX]DVtQWHVH GH FRPSRVWRV IHQyOLFRV FRPR DV ¿WRDOH[LQDV H OLJQLQD WRUQDQGRDVSODQWDVPHQRVUHVLVWHQWHVjVLQIHFo}HVI~QJLFDV $LQGD6RX]D WHVWDQGRGRVHVGHHNJKD  DQR GH 1 HP SHVVHJXHLUR QD /DSD  35 REVHUYRX PDLRU LQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRSDUGDQDPDLRUGRVHGH1XWLOL]DGD 6LOYHLUD +LJDVKL HPRXWURSDWRVVLVWHPDWDPEpP REVHUYDUDP TXH QDV GRVHV GH  H  NJ KD DQR GH 1 RFRUUHUDPPHQRUHVLQFLGrQFLDVHVHYHULGDGHGDIHUUXJHPQD FXOWXUDGRHXFDOLSWR (P UHODomR j LQWHUIHUrQFLD GR . QDV GXDV GRVHV WHVWDGDVDPDLRULQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRRFRUUHXQDGRVHPDLV DOWDGH.QDVGXDVSULPHLUDVVDIUDV)LJ FRPGLIHUHQoD VLJQL¿FDWLYD S    R TXH QmR HUD HVSHUDGR YLVWR TXH . p UHFRQKHFLGR FRPR HOHPHQWR FKDYH QR GHFUpVFLPR GH LQFLGrQFLDGDVGRHQoDV0DUVFKQHU 1DWHUFHLUDVDIUD QmRKRXYHGLIHUHQoDVHQWUHDVGRVHVGH.2HIHLWRGR.QD UHGXomR GD LQFLGrQFLD GH GRHQoDV WHP VLGR REVHUYDGR HP FRQGLo}HV GH GH¿FLrQFLD GHVVH HOHPHQWR QR VROR 3UDEKX HW DO   QR SUHVHQWH WUDEDOKR R WHRU GH . QR VROR HUD DOWRFRPXPQRVVRORVEUDVLOHLURVPRWLYRSHORTXDOR.QmR WHP DSUHVHQWDGR IUHTHQWHPHQWH UHVSRVWDV D HVVH QXWULHQWH 0HXUHU  2DXPHQWRGDLQFLGrQFLDGDGRHQoDSHODPDLRUGRVH GH . XWLOL]DGD  NJ KD DQR  RFRUUHX HP FRQGLo}HV GH ERP VXSULPHQWR GH . QR VROR  FPROFGP  H GRVH GH . QD SODQWD  J NJ  FRQVLGHUDGR DOWR SHODV

       

  

 

        

  

 



 -1

 -1

N kg ha ano

7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\ -DQXDU\)HEUXDU\



FIG. 1  ,QFLGrQFLD GH SRGULGmR SDUGD 0RQLOLQLDIUXFWLFROD HPIUXWRVGHDPHL[HLUD µ5HXEHQQHO¶ VRE FLQFR GRVHV GH QLWURJrQLR HPWUrVVDIUDVQRPXQLFtSLRGH$UDXFiULD35



//0D\'H0LRHWDO

UHFRPHQGDo}HVGD&RPLVVmRGHTXtPLFDHIHUWLOLGDGHGRVROR 566& 6HQGRXPDOHUWDDRVSURGXWRUHVSRLVPHVPR RUHFRQKHFLGDPHQWHFRQWURODGRUGHGRHQoDVFRPRR.GHYH VHUDSOLFDGRHPGRVHDGHTXDGDREVHUYDQGRVHRVWHRUHVGR VRORHRVIROLDUHV3R]]D 3R]]DHWDO  WDPEpPREVHUYRXTXHR WDPEpP REVHUYRX TXH R H[FHVVRGH.DXPHQWDFHUFRVSRULRVH&HUFRSRUDFRIIHLFROD  HPFDIHHLURHQTXDQWRR1UHGX]DGRHQoD1mRIRLFRQVWDWDGR HIHLWRGDLQWHUDomRHQWUHR1HR.QDLQFLGrQFLDGDSRGULGmR SDUGDQDVWUrVVDIUDVDYDOLDGDV ,QFLGrQFLD H VHYHULGDGH GD 6DUQD VRE FLQFR GRVHV GH QLWURJrQLRHGXDVGHSRWiVVLR $ LQFLGrQFLD GH VDUQD QD VDIUD  YDULRX QDV GLIHUHQWHV SDUFHODV GH  D  PpGLD GH  D   H D VHYHULGDGHYDULRXHQWUHDPpGLDGHD  QXPD HVFDOD GH  D  1D VHJXQGD VDIUD D LQFLGrQFLD IRL PDLRUYDULDQGRGHDPpGLDGHD HD VHYHULGDGH YDULRX HQWUH  D  PpGLD GH  D   1D ~OWLPD VDIUD DYDOLDGD D LQFLGrQFLD YDULRX GH  D  PpGLDVGHD HQTXDQWRDVHYHULGDGHIRLGHD )LJVH $VHOHYDGDVLQFLGrQFLDVREVHUYDGDVFRPSURYDP TXH D VDUQD HVWi VH WRUQDQGR XPD GRHQoD UHOHYDQWH SDUD D FXOWXUDGDDPHL[HLUDVHJXQGRRSURGXWRUFRPSURPHWHQGRD DSDUrQFLDHDYHQGDGRSURGXWRHPDQRVGHJUDQGHRIHUWDGR

SURGXWRQRPHUFDGR'XUDQWHPXLWRWHPSRIRLFRQVLGHUDGD XPDGRHQoDVHFXQGiULDSRUQmRFDXVDUGDQRHFRQ{PLFRQD FXOWXUDHQWUHWDQWRQRV~OWLPRVDQRVRVUHODWRVGDGRHQoDHP QtYHLVHSLGrPLFRVWrPDXPHQWDGRWDPEpPHPRXWURVSDtVHV +ROW]  1mRKRXYHLQWHUDomRHQWUHR1HR.QDLQFLGrQFLDH VHYHULGDGHGHVDUQD(PUHODomRjVGLIHUHQWHVGRVHVGH1QmR IRUDPREVHUYDGDVGLIHUHQoDVQDLQFLGrQFLDQDVWUrVVDIUDVGH DYDOLDomR$~QLFDGLIHUHQoDREVHUYDGDIRLQDWHUFHLUDVDIUD FRPSDUDQGRVH D LQFLGrQFLD GD SULPHLUD FROKHLWD   FRQWUD  QD VHJXQGD FROKHLWD FRP GLIHUHQoD HVWDWtVWLFD SHORWHVWHGH7XNH\S (VWDGLIHUHQoDGHYHWHUVLGR GHYLGR j LQIHFomR ÀRUDO HP pSRFDV GLIHUHQWHV YLVWR TXH QHVWD VDIUD D ÀRUDomR IRL PDLV ORQJD HP GHFRUUrQFLD GH IDWRUHVDPELHQWDLV$SHVDUGHQmRWHUVLGRDYDOLDGDDVDUQD QD ÀRU GXUDQWH DV DYDOLDo}HV GH SRGULGmR SDUGD FRQtGLRV H FRQLGLyIRURV GH &ODGRVSRULXP VS HUDP IUHTHQWHPHQWH REVHUYDGRV QDV HVWUXWXUDV ÀRUDLV SULQFLSDOPHQWH QRV HVWDPHV $ VHYHULGDGH QmR YDULRX HQWUH DV GDWDV GH FROKHLWD SDUDDVWUrVVDIUDVFRQIRUPH$QGUDGH 'XFURTXHW  HVWH IDWR SRGH VHU DWULEXtGR DR GHVHQYROYLPHQWR OHQWR GR IXQJRQRVWHFLGRVGRKRVSHGHLURSRLVJHUDOPHQWHRVHXFLFOR RFRUUH DSHQDV XPD YH] QRV IUXWRV D FDGD VDIUD QmR VHQGR

Incidência (%)











 

  







 





Incidência (%)

Safra

  

        









 N kg ha-1 ano-1



FIG. 2  ,QFLGrQFLD GH SRGULGmR SDUGD 0RQLOLQLD IUXFWLFROD  HP IUXWRV GH DPHL[HLUD µ5HXEHQQHO¶ VRE GXDV GRVHV GH SRWiVVLR  H  NJKDDQR  HP WUrVVDIUDVQRPXQLFtSLRGH$UDXFiULD35

GLIHUHQoD VLJQL¿FDWLYD D  QV ± QmR VLJQL¿FDWLYR





FIG. 3 -,QFLGrQFLDGH6DUQD&ODGRVSRULXP FDUSRSKLOXP  HP IUXWRV GH DPHL[HLUD µ5HXEHQQHO¶VREFLQFRGRVHVGHQLWURJrQLR HP WUrV VDIUDV QR PXQLFtSLR GH$UDXFiULD 35

7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\ -DQXDU\)HEUXDU\

3RGULGmRSDUGDHVDUQDHPDPHL[HLUDµ5HXEHQQHO¶VREGRVHVGHQLWURJrQLR

Severidade (nota1)













      

     







N kg ha-1 ano-1

GLVVHPLQDGRGHQWURGRPHVPRFLFORGDFXOWXUD(QWUHWDQWR QD VHJXQGD VDIUD D VHYHULGDGH IRL VXSHULRU S    QD VHJXQGDFROKHLWDHPUHODomRjSULPHLUDDSUHVHQWDQGRQRWDV  H  UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH (VWHV YDORUHV QR HQWDQWR UHSUHVHQWDPDPHVPDFDWHJRULDGHQ~PHURGHOHV}HVIUXWR GHD 2 . GLPLQXLX D VHYHULGDGH GD VDUQD QRV IUXWRV QD SULPHLUD VDIUD SDUD PHQRU GRVH GH .  H PDLRU GRVH  7DOUHVXOWDGRLQGLFDRHIHLWRHVSHUDGRGR.QRFRQWUROH GDVGRHQoDVFRPRMiUHODWDGRSRUGLYHUVRVDXWRUHVHPRXWURV SDWRVVLVWHPDV +XEHU 7KRPSVRQ   +XEHU $UQ\  UHODWDUDPKDYHUUHODomRLQYHUVDHQWUHR.GLVSRQtYHO QR VROR H D VHYHULGDGH GDV GRHQoDV SRU RXWUR ODGR Ki WDPEpP UHODWRV GH GLIHUHQoDV QD VHYHULGDGH GH IHUUXJHP DVLiWLFD3KDNRSVRUDSDFK\UUL]L HPODYRXUDVGHVRMDGHYLGR DHVWHHOHPHQWR=DQFDQDUR  6HJXQGR0DUVFKQHU DOpPGDDomRDQWLI~QJLFD RV QXWULHQWHV SRGHP DWXDU FRPR FRIDWRUHV QD VtQWHVH GH HQ]LPDVLQFOXVLYHQDTXHODVOLJDGDVDSDWRJrQHVHWRUQDQGR VH PDLV XPD HYLGrQFLD GD DWXDomR GHVWDV VXEVWkQFLDV QR SURFHVVRGHGHIHVDGDSODQWD 2 HIHLWR GR 1 QD VHYHULGDGH GD VDUQD IRL HYLGHQWH QD VHJXQGD VDIUD SDUD DV GHPDLV QmR IRUDP REVHUYDGDV GLIHUHQoDV VLJQL¿FDWLYDV HQWUH DV GRVHV )LJ   FRP XPD UHODomR GLUHWD FRP D TXDQWLGDGH GH 1 DSOLFDGD DR VROR RQGH R Q~PHUR GH OHV}HV QRV IUXWRV HP PpGLD SDVVRX GH FLQFR SDUD GH] OHV}HV SRU IUXWR 6HJXQGR LQIRUPDo}HV SHVVRDLV GR SURGXWRU DFLPD GH FLQFR OHV}HV QR IUXWR HVWH SHUGH WRWDOPHQWH R YDORU FRPHUFLDO 1D SULPHLUD VDIUD D LQFLGrQFLD GD GRHQoD IRL GH DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH  PDV D VHYHULGDGH QmR XOWUDSDVVRX FLQFR OHV}HV SRU IUXWR 1D WHUFHLUDVDIUDDLQFLGrQFLDUHGX]LXSDUDHDVHYHULGDGH ¿FRX HTXLYDOHQWH j SULPHLUD VDIUD (VWH YDORU PDLV EDL[R GHLQFLGrQFLDIRLGHYLGRDPDLRUSUHRFXSDomRGRSURGXWRU FRPRSHUtRGRGHÀRUDomRTXDQGRQRUPDOPHQWHRSDWyJHQR VHLQVWDODQDRFDVLmRRSURGXWRULQWHQVL¿FRXRVLVWHPDGH PDQHMRSDVVDQGRDTXDWURSXOYHUL]Do}HVQRSHUtRGRFRQWUD GXDVQDVVDIUDVDQWHULRUHV6WHLQHU DLQGDUHFRPHQGD SRGD DGHTXDGD SDUD IDFLOLWDU D DHUDomR DVVLP UHGX]LQGR R 7URSLFDO3ODQW3DWKRORJ\ -DQXDU\)HEUXDU\



FIG. 4 6HYHULGDGHGH6DUQD&ODGRVSRULXP FDUSRSKLOXP  HP IUXWRV GH DPHL[HLUD µ5HXEHQQHO¶ VRE FLQFR GRVHV GH QLWURJrQLR HPWUrVVDIUDVQRPXQLFtSLRGH$UDXFiULD35  1RWDVHPVLQWRPD FRPDOHV}HV  FRPDOHV}HV FRPDOHV}HV 

SHUtRGR GH XPLGDGH H IDFLOLWDQGR D SXOYHUL]DomR HQWUH DV iUYRUHV DOpP GR FRQWUROH FRP IXQJLFLGDV UHDOL]DGRV HP LQWHUYDORVGHDGLDVLQLFLDQGRVHQDTXHGDGDVSpWDODV VHJXLQGRDWpGLDVDQWHVGDFROKHLWD .LVKLQRHWDO H0DUVFKQHU UHODWDUDP TXH HOHYDGDV FRQFHQWUDo}HV GH 1 IDYRUHFHP GRHQoDV I~QJLFDV H SURSLFLDP R DXPHQWR GR HQIROKDPHQWR GR KRVSHGHLURLPSHGLQGRDHQWUDGDGHUDLRVVRODUHVIDYRUHFHQGR DVHYHULGDGHGHGRHQoDVI~QJLFDV (P UHODomR D SURGXWLYLGDGH D iUHD H[SHULPHQWDO DSUHVHQWRX PpGLD GH  0J GH IUXWRV KD DQR PDLV TXHRWULSORGDPpGLDHVWDGXDOSDUDDFXOWXUDVHQGRTXHDV GRVHVGH1H.XWLOL]DGDVQmRDSUHVHQWDUDPHIHLWRVREUHD SURGXWLYLGDGH -i SDUD RV WHRUHV IROLDUHV PpGLRV GDV WUrV VDIUDVIRLREVHUYDGDXPDUHODomRGLUHWDFRPDTXDQWLGDGHGR QXWULHQWHDSOLFDGDDRVROR¿FDQGRQDIDL[DGHLQWHUSUHWDomR QRUPDOHDFLPDGRQRUPDOSDUD1JNJ H.J NJ UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH'ROLQVNL  1D OLWHUDWXUD RV GDGRV VREUH HIHLWR GR 1 H GR . VREUH DV GRHQoDV VmR HVFDVVRV SULQFLSDOPHQWH QD FXOWXUD GD DPHL[HLUD HQWUHWDQWR p H[WUHPDPHQWH LPSRUWDQWH HVWH WLSRGHHVWXGRSDUDXPPDQHMRHFROyJLFRHDPELHQWDOPHQWH VHJXUR VHJXLQGR DV GLUHWUL]HV GDV ERDV SUiWLFDV DJUtFRODV SDUD LPSODQWDomR GH VLVWHPDV FRPR D SURGXomR LQWHJUDGD GHIUXWHLUDV$VUHVSRVWDVREWLGDVQHVWHWUDEDOKRFHUWDPHQWH VHUmR~WHLVSDUDHPEDVDUDSURGXomRLQWHJUDGDSDUDDFXOWXUD GDDPHL[HLUDQR(VWDGRGR3DUDQi $ DGXEDomR QLWURJHQDGD H SRWiVVLFD DXPHQWDUDP D LQFLGrQFLDGHSRGULGmRSDUGDHPDPHL[HLUDHQWUHWDQWRSDUD VDUQD R . GLPLQXLX H R 1 DXPHQWRX D VHYHULGDGH SDUD D SULPHLUD H VHJXQGD VDIUD UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH QmR KDYHQGR LQWHUDomR HQWUH DV GRVHV GH 1 H . SDUD DV GXDV GRHQoDV FRQVLGHUDGDV AGRADECIMENTOS $R6U:DOGRPLUR*D\HU1HWRSRUFRQFHGHURSRPDU SDUD D LQVWDODomR GR H[SHULPHQWR DR &RQVHOKR 1DFLRQDO GH'HVHQYROYLPHQWR&LHQWt¿FRH7HFQROyJLFR&13TSHOR 

//0D\'H0LRHWDO

¿QDQFLDPHQWRGRSURMHWRGHSHVTXLVDDR*UXSRGH(QVLQR ([WHQVmRH3HVTXLVDHP3URGXomR,QWHJUDGDHP)UXWHLUDVGR 3DUDQi*((33,) SHODDMXGDQDFROHWDGHGDGRVHUHDOL]DomR GR H[SHULPHQWR ,QrV 7XWLGD DJUDGHFH j &RRUGHQDomR GH $SHUIHLoRDPHQWR GH 3HVVRDO GH 1tYHO 6XSHULRU  &$3(6 SHODFRQFHVVmRGHEROVDGHHVWXGR REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS $GDVNDYHJ-()|UVWHU+7KRPSVRQ') ,GHQWL¿FDWLRQDQG HWLRORJ\RIYLVLEOHTXLHVFHQWLQIHFWLRQVRI0RQLOLQLDIUXFWLFRODDQG %RWU\WLVFLQHUHDLQVZHHWFKHUU\IUXLW3ODQW 3ODQW'LVHDVH 'LVHDVH  $QGUDGH 5( 'XFURTXHW -3+-   &RQWUROH GDV GRHQoDV GD DPHL[HLUD &RQWUROH GH 'RHQoDV GH 3ODQWDV )UXWHLUDV 9LoRVD 6XSUHPD*Ui¿FDH(GLWRUD/WGD &RPLVVmRGH4XtPLFDH)HUWLOLGDGHGR6ROR566& 0DQXDO GH$GXEDomRHGHFDODJHPSDUDRVHVWDGRVGR56HGH6&3RUWR $OHJUH 56 6RFLHGDGH %UDVLOHLUD GH &LrQFLD GR 6ROR  1~FOHR 5HJLmR6XO 'ROLQVNL0$ $GXEDomRQLWURJHQDGDHSRWiVVLFDQDFXOWXUD GDDPHL[HLUDµ5HXEHQQHO¶QDUHJLmRGH$UDXFiULD35'LVVHUWDomR 0HVWUDGR&XULWLED358QLYHUVLGDGH)HGHUDOGR3DUDQi (0%5$3$&3$&76LVWHPDVGH3URGXomR 'LVSRQtYHOHP KWWSZZZFSDFWHPEUDSDEUVLVWHPDVSHVVHJR"FDS  DFHVVR HPMDQ (PHU\.00LFKDLOLGHV7-6FKHUP+ ,QFLGHQFHRIODWHQW LQIHFWLRQ RI LPPDWXUH SHDFK IUXLW E\ 0RQLOLQLD IUXFWLFROD DQG UHODWLRQVKLSWREURZQURWLQ*HRUJLD3ODQW 3ODQW'LVHDVH 'LVHDVH  )DFKLQHOOR -& &RXWLQKR () 0DURGLQ *$% %RWWRQ 0 0D\GH 0LR// 'RFXPHQWR0LQLVWpULRGD$JULFXOWXUD1RUPDV WpFQLFDVHGRFXPHQWRVGHDFRPSDQKDPHQWRGDSURGXomRLQWHJUDGD GHSrVVHJR3HORWDV 3HORWDV56 56 +ROW]% 6SULQJFRQWURORIDOPRQGGLVHDVHV7KH3RPRORJ\ 3RVW +XEHU'0$UQ\'& ,QWHUDFWLRQVRISRWDVVLXPZLWKSODQW GLVHDVH,Q0XQVRQ5'(G 3RWDVVLXPLQ$JULFXOWXUH0DGLVRQ $6$&66$666$SS

/XR