Financial Flows to Sub Sahara Africa in the past decade

Africa 2014 - African Studies Centre

Composition of financial flows to Sub-Saharan African countries Ten years into the Monterrey Consensus on the Millennium Development Goals Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

18,334

2000 2010

81,698

Mln USD

Low Income Country (LIC)

< 950 USD

Domestic flows (tax revenues)

Low Middle Income Country (LMIC)

< 3975 USD

Private foreign flows

Upper Middle Income Country (UMIC) < 12,275 USD

10,000 9,000

Public foreign flowsc flows

8,000 7,000

* Total less than 100

19,818

Higher amount

6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000

MAURITANIA

50,357

1,000

MALI

CAPE VERDE

0 NIGER

SENEGAL

ERITREA

GAMBIA

*

BURKINA FASO

GUINEA-BISSAU *

SUDAN

* CHAD

*

DJIBOUTI

GUINEA ETHIOPIA

SIERRA LEONE LIBERIA

CÔTE D’IVOIRE

BENIN

GHANA

NIGERIA

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

CAMEROON

TOGO

* SOMALIA

Klopt de titel nu wel? dit was de oude: Ratio of public to private flows as an indication of comparison of aid independence to aid dependence

UGANDA

Ratio of Private foreign flows to Public foreign flows

REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

RWANDA

2000

KENYA

BURUNDI

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

TANZANIA

ANGOLA

500 km

MALAWI

ZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE MADAGASCAR

MOZAMBIQUE

SWAZILAND

LESOTHO

2010

SOUTH AFRICA

Ratio Significantly more private flows than public flows Satisfactory level of private flows to public flows Less satisfactory level of private flows Disappointing lack of private flows relative to public flows Worrisome lack of private flows, hence very aid dependent

This information was compiled by Marion Eeckhout and Nel de Vink.

© ASC Leiden 2014 / DeVink Mapdesign

The main map is based on the World Bank break down of developing countries into the category ‘Low Income Countries’ with a Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of less than 950 USD; Lower Middle Income Countries with GNI/Cap up to 3975USD; and Upper Middle Income countries with GNI/Cap up to 12275 USD/Cap. Caution that OECD/DAC and UNCTAD distinguish a slightly different category of so called ‘Least Developed Countries’, which have a low GNI/Cap and additionally are considered particularly vulnerable to economic and political shocks and to low integration in world trade markets. In the case of SSA

A note of caution is appropriate that Info Graphics offer just a glimpse of insight and are meant to whet the appetite for further country level and micro studies. For further analysis one is referred to the background papers mentioned below. Admittedly ‘poor numbers’ always play a role in the interpretation of African statistics. This flaw is partly mitigated by choosing a longer and well researched episode, while not succumbing to sophisticated data analysis. I maintain that the trends and tendencies observed are representative for long term changes in the aid landscape, despite the brief shock effect of the 2009 global financial crisis, as will be explained in the text below. Finally, these maps serve as a pointer to the rapidly changing aid landscape.

most countries qualifying as LIC’s also qualify as LLDC with the exception of Kenya. The categories of Public flows in the map consist of ODA which stands for ‘Offical Development Assistance’ which is recorded by OECD/DAD in its aid statistic database; it consists of grants, donations and very-concessional lending from bilateral and multilateral public organizations, versus ‘Other Official Flows’ (OOF) and Non-Traditional Development Assistance (NTDA) which stand for a type of less-concessional lending and for non-conventional mechanisms of financing