Four New Species of Svitramia Cham. (Melastomataceae, Melastomeae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil

Four New Species of Svitramia Cham. (Melastomataceae, Melastomeae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil Author(s): Rosana Romero and Angela Borges Martins Source: Kew Bulletin, Vol. 58, No. 2 (2003), pp. 403-413 Published by: Springer on behalf of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4120623 Accessed: 26/06/2009 10:52 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=kew. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

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KEWBULLETIN 58: 403 - 413 (2003)

Four new species of Svitramia Cham. (Melastomataceae, Melastomeae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil ROSANA

ROMERO' 1

ANGELA

BORGES

MARTINS2

Summary. Four new species of Svitramia (Melastomataceae), S. integerrima,S. minor, S. petiolata and S. wurdackianaare described and illustrated. The genus now includes six species, all endemic to Brazil. The centre of diversity lies in the Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais State. All the species occur on rocky slopes in the southwestern part of the state.

INTRODUCTION

The genus Svitramia(Melastomataceae, Melastomeae)was described by Chamisso (1834) based on S. pulchra, collected in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The genus remained monotypic for almost 150 years until Wurdack (1973) described S. hatschbachii,from Sao Tome das Letras, Minas Gerais State. These two species can be characterized by the following characters: buds covered by cucullate bracteoles, 5-merous flowers, 5locular ovary sericeous at the apex, 10 subisomorphic stamens, connective with ventral appendage, and leaves frequently with strigose-ciliate margins. These features suggest proximity to TibouchinaAubl., although species of the latter genus possess dimorphic stamens with markedly bilobed or bituberculate ventral appendages. During a floristic inventory carried out by Romero & Nakajima (1999) in the Serra da Canastra National Park, four new species were collected: Svitramia integerrima,S. minor,S. petiolataand S. wurdackiana.The inclusion of Svitramiapetiolata and S. integerrimamade it necessary to modify the circumscription of the genus to include taxa with petiolate and glabrous-margined leaves. The species of Svitramia are endemic to Minas Gerais State, being restricted to the south and southwestern portions of the State (Map 1), and occur mainly in upland areas (campos rupestres). Svitramia integerrima R. Romero& A. B. Martins sp. nov. ab omnibus aliis specibus generis foliis marginibus integris distinguenda; S. wurdackianae nobis foliis semiamplexicaulibus sessilibus apice obtuso vel acuto basi cordato, lamina utrinque glabro plus quam 11 nervis munita similis, sed petalis albis non magenteis, foliis marginibus integris non strigoso-ciliatis differt. Typus: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Mun. Delfin6polis, estrada para a fazenda do Antonio Lopes, Serra Preta, 23 May 1996 (fl.), Nakajima & Romero1742 (holotypus HUFU; isotypi BHCB, K, R, UEC, US). Accepted for publication December 2002. 1 Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlindia, Caixa Postal 593, 38400-902, Uberlindia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. 2 Departarnento de Botinica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected].

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MAP 1. Geographic distribution of S. integerrima(*), S. minor (er), S. petiolata (0), S. wurdackiana (0), S. hatschbachii (A) and S. pulchra (0) in Minas Gerais State, Brazil.

Erect subshrubs c. 1.5 m tall. Branches terete to subterete, glabrous. Leaves sessile, semiamplexicaul, concolorous, chartaceous; lamina 2 - 4 x 2 - 3.5 cm, broadly ovate, apex obtuse to acute, base cordate, margins entire, glabrous, blade glabrous on both surfaces, 9 - 11-nerved, only primaries distinct, internodes 1 - 2.5 cm long. Panicles 3.5 - 7 cm long, terminal; bracteoles 6 - 8 mm long, scarious, involucral, cucullate, glabrous, ciliate, caducous. Flowers on pedicels 1 - 3 mm long, 5-merous. Hypanthium 3 - 5 mm long, terete, 10-striate, glabrous or with sessile glands. Calyx lobes c. 2 mm long, ovate to ovate-oblong, membranaceous, apex rounded, ciliate. Petals 8 - 9 x 9 - 10 mm, white, obovate, apex rounded, base attenuate, inconspicuously ciliate. Stamens 10, subisomorphic; filaments 3 - 4 mm long, white, glabrous; anthers 3 - 4 mm long, cream, oblong, straight; connective prolonged for 0.1 - 0.2 mm below the thecae, with ventral bituberculate appendage, the antsepalous stamens with a dorsal bituberculate appendage; ovary 5-locular, half-inferior, free apical portion densely sericeous; style 5 - 7 mm long, filiform, erect, glabrous, stigma truncate. Capsule 4 - 5 mm long; seeds c. 0.6 x 0.4 mm, cochleate, papillose. Fig. 1.

4 NEWSVITRAMIA FROMBRAZIL SPP. (MELASTOMATACEAE)

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FIG. 1. Svitramia integerrima. A branch with inflorescence; B leaf, showing the glabrous margin; C petal; D bracteole; E lateral view of stamens; F ovary and style (from Nakajima & Romero 1742 (HUFU)). Drawn by Eduardo Kickh6fel.

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EXAMINED. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Mun. Delfin6polis, Serra Preta, trilha SPECIMENS casinha branca, Fazenda Ze Antunes, 11 April 2002, Pachecoet al. 90 (HUFU, RB). Svitramia integerrimais known only from Serra Preta in Minas Gerais, where it occurs in the highland "campo rupestre" vegetation. It flowers from April to May, and fruits from May to July. Svitramiaintegerrimadiffers from all other species of Svitramiain having leaves with glabrous margins. It is close to S. wurdackianain having semiamplexicaul, sessile leaves with an obtuse to acute apex and cordate base, and the lamina with both surfaces glabrous and more than 11 veins. However, the white petals and leaves with glabrous margins distinguish S. integerrimafrom S. wurdackiana.The latter has magenta petals and leaves with strigose-ciliate margins with marginal trichomes 1.3 - 3 mm long. Svitramia minor R. Romero& A. B. Martins sp. nov. ab omnibus aliis specibus generis foliis parvis, erectis, lanceolatis, 3-nervis distinguenda; S. hatschbachiaenobis foliis semiamplexicaulibus, sessilibus, marginibus strigoso-ciliatis, supra et subtus glutinosis similis sed foliis erectis non patentibus, nervis secundariis subtus prominentibus differt. Typus: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Mun. Sao Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Morro ap6s o c6rrego dos Passageiros, 21 Nov. 1996 (fl.), Nakajima & Romero2130 (holotypus HUFU; isotypi K, NY, R, SP,

UEC,US).

Shrubs or subshrubs 0.3 - 1.6 m tall. Stem subquadrangular, glabrous, rarely with hirsute trichomes in the basal portion, young branches quadrangular, flattened and glutinous at the apex, older branches quadrangular to subquadrangular, smooth, glabrous. Leaves sessile, erect, coriaceous; lamina 1.5 - 4.5 x 0.8 - 2.5 cm, ovate, elliptic-lanceolate or lanceolate, apex obtuse, rarely acute, base rounded, margins strigose-ciliate, marginal trichomes 0.8 - 1.5 mm long, blade covered with sessile glutinous glands on both surfaces, some basal leaves with hirsute trichomes, 3-nerved, with weakly differentiated additional pair of marginal veins, secondary veins evident below, internodes 1 - 4 cm long. Panicles terminal; bracteoles 5 - 6 mm long, membranaceous, glutinous, inconspicuously ciliate, caducous. Flowers pedicellate (for 0.7 - 2.5 mm), 5-merous. Hypanthium 3 - 4 mm long, terete, glutinous, furfuraceous or covered with sessile glands. Calyx lobes 1.5 - 3 mm long, oblong, apex rounded, glutinous, ciliate. Petals 11 - 15 x 9.5 - 13 mm, purple, obovate, apex asymmetrically truncate, retuse, base attenuate, inconspicuously ciliate. Stamens 10, subisomorphic; filaments 3.5 - 4.5 mm long, pink, glabrous; anthers 2 - 3 mm long, cream, oblong, connective prolonged for c. 0.3 mm below the thecae, ventral bilobed appendage; ovary 5-locular, half-inferior, free apical portion densely sericeous with eglandular trichomes; style c. 6 mm, filiform, the apex slightly curved, glabrous, stigma truncate. Capsule 4- 6 mm long; seeds c. 0.5 x 0.7 mm, cochleate, papillose. Fig. 2. EXAMINED.BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Mun. Sio Roque de Minas, Parque SPECIMENS Nacional da Serra da Canastra, estrada para Cachoeira Casca d'Anta, 18 March 1995, Romeroet al. 2000 (HUFU); Serra Brava, 22 March 1996, Romero& Nakajima 3396 (HUFU, RB); ibid., 28 Sept. 1995, Romeroet al. 3000 (HUFU); ibid., 23 Nov. 1995, Nakajima et al. 1580 (HUFU, NY); ibid., 25 May 1996, Romero & Nakajima 3463

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FIG. 2. Svitramia minor. A branch with inflorescence; B leaf, showing the strigose-ciliate margin; C petal; D bracteole; E lateral view of stamens; F ovary and style (from Nakajima & Romero 2130 (HUFU)). Drawn by Eduardo Kickhofel.

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HUFU); ibid., (HUFU); Chapadao do Diamante, 20 Nov. 1995, Romeroet al. 3185 (CGAS, 9 July 1996, Nakajima et al. 1904a (HUFU); ibid., 22 Sept. 1996, Romero & Nakajima 3620

(HUFU); ibid., 15 Oct. 1997, Nakajimaet al. 2846 (HB, HUFU, K, MO); ibid., 17 Oct.

1997, Nakajima et al. 2964 (HUFU,

UEC); ibid., 21 Aug. 1997, Romero et al. 4494

(HUFU); C6rrego dos Passageiros, 21 Nov. 1996, Nakajima & Romero2130 (HUFU holotype; K, NY, R, SP, UEC, US isotypes), ibid., 19 April 1997, Romeroet al. 4173 (HUFU); ibid., 10 Jan. 1998, Romero et al. 4972 (HUFU); ibid., 10 Jan. 1998, Romero et al.

4947 (F, HUFU, RB); Garagem de Pedras, 20 March 1995, Nakajimaet al. 901 (HUFU); ibid., 24 Nov. 1995, Romero et al. 3234 (HUFU, P); ibid., 11 Jan. 1996, Romero et al. 3243

(HUFU, SP); ibid.,27 May 1996, Romero& Nakajima3517 (HUFU); ibid., 22 Feb. 1997, Nakajima et al. 2217 (HUFU, NY, UEC); ibid., 12 Jan. 1995, Romero et al. 1764 (HUFU,

US); ibid., 10 Jan. 1998, Romeroet al. 4902 (BR, HUFU, M, VIC); ibid., 10 Jan. 1998, Romero et al. 4903 (BHCB, HUFU); ibid., 21 June 2001, Romero et al. 6136 (HUFU).

Svitramiaminoris known only from the Serra da Canastra in Minas Gerais, where it occurs in the highland "campo rupestre" vegetation. It flowers from September to April, and fruits from October to May. Svitramia minor is distinguished

from S. hatschbachii Wurdack by the erect, 1.5 -

4.5 x 0.8 - 2.5 cm leaves with marginal trichomes 0.8 - 1.5 mm long, the evident secondary veins on the lower leaf surface and petals with the apex asymmetrically truncate and retuse and the base clearly attenuate. Svitramia hatschbachii has spreading leaves 2 - 11 x 1 - 5 cm with marginal trichomes 1.2 - 3.5 mm long, inconspicuous secondary veins on the lower leaf surface and petals with the truncate apex, rarely retuse and the base only slightly attenuate. Most specimens of S. minorhave totally glabrous stems. Rarely, as in S. wurdackiana, some individuals present hirsute trichomes only in the basal portion of the stem. In a few individuals leaves from the base to the 7't node may have hirsute trichomes on both surfaces. The specific epithet refers to the characteristically small size of the leaf blade compared to other species of Svitramia. Svitramia petiolata

R. Romero & A. B. Martins sp. nov. ab omnibus

aliis specibus

generis foliis petiolatis marginibus revolutis, supra et subtus glutinosis, trichomatibus glandulosis pedicellatis sessilibusque munitis distinguenda. Typus: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Estrada Furnas-Capit61io, c. de 15 km ap6s a ponte da represa de Furnas, beira da estrada, afloramentos rochosos, lado direito da estrada, 13 Feb. 1998 (fl.), Romero,

Semir, Goldenberg

& Dutilh 5131 (holotypus UEC; isotypus HUFU).

Shrubs c. 0.7 m tall. Branches quadrangular, robust, young branches covered with dense sessile glutinous glands, older bark peeling off. Petiole 0.5 - 1 cm long, flattened, with stalked glutinous glands; lamina 8 - 12 x 4.5 - 9.5 cm, broadly ovate, apex obtuse, revolute, base rounded to attenuate, margin ciliate, blade revolute, glutinous on both surfaces, above with stalked glands mainly in basal portion, below with stalked and sessile glands, mainly on the primary and secondary veins, 5nerved, with a faint additional pair of marginal veins, veins prominent, secondary veins evident below, nodes ciliate, internodes 0.5 - 1.5 cm long. Panicles terminal;

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FIG. 3. Svitramia petiolata. A branch with inflorescence; B detail of the ciliate node; C leaf, showing the ciliate margin; D petal; E ovary and style; F hypanthium and calyx lobes; G bracteole; H lateral view of stamens (from Romero et al. 5131 (UEC)). Drawn by Eduardo Kickh6fel.

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bracteoles 5 - 6 mm long, involucral, caducous, cucullate, membranaceous, ciliate, outer surface covered with stalked glutinous glands. Flowers pedicellate (for 1 - 2 mm). Hypanthium c. 3 mm long, wine-coloured, terete, covered with stalked glutinous glands. Calyx lobes c. 2 mm long, ovate-oblong, apex rounded, outside with stalked glutinous glands, glandular-ciliate. Petals 8 - 9 x 10 - 11 mm, purple, obovate, apex truncate, glandular-ciliate. Stamens 10, subisomorphic; filaments 3 4 mm long, wine-coloured, glabrous, anthers 2 - 3 mm long, pink, oblong, straight, connective prolonged for 0.2 - 0.3 mm below the thecae, with ventral, inconspicuously bituberculate appendage, and a dorsal spur; ovary 5-locular, half-inferior, free apical portion densely sericeous with glandular trichomes; style c. 5 mm long, filiform, the apex slightly curved, glabrous, stigma truncate. Capsule 5 - 6 mm long, ribbed, reticulate; seeds c. 0.5 x 0.3 mm, cochleate, papillose. Fig. 3. Svitramiapetiolata is known only from the type collection and has several unique and unusual characters, the most conspicuous of which are its petiolate leaves with revolute margins. The flattened petiole is 0.5 - 1 cm long, and covered with stalked glands. The leaves are larger (8 - 12 x 4.5 - 9.5 cm) than in the other species of Svitramia and have stalked glands on both leaf surfaces. The hypanthium is quite similar to that in the other species, differing only by the presence of stalked glands. Svitramia wurdackiana R. Romero & A. B. Martins sp. nov. Svitramia integerrimae nobis

foliis semiamplexicaulibus sessilibus apice obtuso vel acuto basi cordato, lamina utrinque glabro plus quam 11 nervis munita similis sed petalis magenteis non albis, foliis marginibus strigoso-ciliatis non integris differt. Typus: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Mun. Sao Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Morro pr6ximo a sede administrativa, 20?15'22"S, 46025'20"W, 1352 m, 9 May 1995 (fl.), Romeroet al. 2162 (holotypus HUFU; isotypi K, R, UEC, US). Shrubs or subshrubs 0.6 - 2 m tall, erect or with decumbent branches. Stem terete to subterete, glabrous, sometimes with hirsute trichomes only at the base, branches terete to subterete, with glabrous, flattened apices. Leaves sessile, semiamplexicaul, coriaceous, discolorous; lamina 2 - 6.5 x 1.5 - 4.5 cm, broadly ovate to ovate-oblong, apex obtuse or acute, base cordate, margin strigose, trichomes 1.3 - 3 mm long, blade glabrous on both surfaces, 9 - 15-nerved, prominent below, internodes 1.2 - 4 cm long. Panicles terminal; bracteoles 5 - 7 mm long, covered with sessile glutinous glands, ciliate or not. Flowers pedicellate (for 1 - 2 mm), 5-merous. Hypanthium 45 mm long, terete, glutinous, covered with sessile glands, rarely glabrous. Calyx lobes 2 - 3 mm long, scarious, oblong or ovate-oblong, apex rounded, inconspicuously denticulate, or ciliate. Petals 13 - 16 x 14- 15 mm, magenta, obovate, apex truncate, inconspicuously ciliate. Stamens 10, subisomorphic; filaments 5 - 6 mm long, pink, glabrous or with sparse, stalked glands in basal portion, anthers 3 - 4 mm long, cream, oblong, straight, connective prolonged for c. 0.5 mm below the thecae, ventral appendage

slightly bilobed; ovary 5-locular, half-inferior, free portion densely

sericeous with eglandular trichomes; style c. 10 mm long, filiform, erect, the apex slightly curved, glabrous, stigma punctiform. Capsule 5 - 6 mm long; seeds c. 0.6 x 0.4 mm, cochleate, papillose. Fig. 4.

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FIG. 4. Svitramia wurdackiana. A branch with inflorescence; B leaf, showing the strigose margin; C petal; D bracteole; E lateral view of stamens; F ovary and style (from Romero et al. 2162 (HUFU)). Drawn by Eduardo Kickh6fel.

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SPECIMENSEXAMINED. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Mun. Sio Roque de Minas, Parque

Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Morro pr6ximo a sede administrativa, 9 May 1995, Romero et al. 2162 (HUFU holotype; K, R, UEC, US isotypes); ibid., 9 May 1995, Romero et al. 2162 (HUFU); ibid., 15July 1995, Romero et al. 2381 (BHCB, BR, HUFU); ibid., 22 June 1998, Romero et al. 5627 (HUFU); ibid., 22 June 2001, Romero et al. 6138

(HUFU); estrada para o sitio Joio Domingos, 25 May 1996, Romero& Nakajima3505 (F, HUFU); ibid., 26 May 1996, Nakajima & Romero1811 (HUFU); ibid., 20 Aug. 1997, Nakajimaet al. 2637 (HUFU); trilha do paredto da Serra da Canastra "pico", 17 April 1997, Romeroet al. 4143 (HUFU); Cachoeira Casca d'Anta, 25 May 1996, Romero& Nakajima3492 (HUFU, UEC); Cachoeira Casca d'Anta, trilha para a parte de baixo, 12 May 1995, Nakajima et al. 1061 (HUFU, US); estrada para a Cachoeira Casca d'Anta, 12 May 1995, Nakajima et al. 1042 (HUFU, MO, VIC); Chapaddo do Diamante, 29 June 1997, Romeroet al. 4340 (HUFU); Cachoeira dos Rolinhos, 26 May 1996, Nakajima & Romero 1801 (F, HUFU);

ibid., 11 July 1996, Nakajima et al. 2036

(HUFU, SP, RB, UEC); ibid., 29 June 1997, Romeroet al. 4371 (HUFU, SP); pr6ximo ao C6rrego dos Passageiros, 11 July 1996, Nakajima et al. 2021 (HUFU, NY); estrada para a Babil6nia, 24 May 1996, Romero& Nakajima3440 (HUFU, K, M). Svitramiawurdackianaoccurs only on rocky slopes in the Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais. It flowers from April to July, and fruits from June to August. Svitramia wurdackianashares its shrubby habit and semiamplexicaul sessile leaves with an obtuse to acute apex and cordate base with a number of species. However, it is distinguished by the strigose-ciliate leaf margins (trichomes 1.3 - 3 mm long) and magenta petals. The specific epithet was chosen in honour of the late John J. Wurdack, the eminent North American botanist, for his important studies on Melastomataceae. KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SVITRAMIA

1. Leaves sessile ...............................................

2

S. petiolata 1'. Leaves petiolate ...................................... 3 2. Leaf blade glabrous on both surfaces ............................. 2'. Leaf blade with simple trichomes or with sessile glutinous glands on both 4 surfaces ................................................ S. wurdackiana 3. Leaf blade with strigose margin; petals magenta ............ S. integerrima 3'. Leaf blade with glabrous margin; petals white ............... 4. Leaves spreading; 2 - 10.5 x 1 - 4.5 cm; marginal trichomes 1.2 - 4 mm long; petals with truncate, rarely retuse apex, and only slightly attenuate base . . . 5 4'. Erect leaves; 1.5 - 4.5 x 0.8 - 2.5 cm; marginal trichomes 0.8 - 1.5 mm long; petals

with asymmetricallytruncate, retuse apex, and clearly attenuate base - - S. minor 5. Leaf blade on both surfaces with sessile glands, rarely with sparse, strigose trichomes; hypanthium furfuraceous, rarely glutinous, with sessile glands ... ......................................

S. hatschbachii

5'. Leaf blade on both surfaces with short, simple trichomes with thickened base; hypanthium furfuraceous, basal portion densely sericeous with or without S. pulchra glandular trichomes ..................................

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The first author is grateful to the Universidade Federal de Uberlandia for the facilities of the Herbarium Uberlandense (HUFU), the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renovaveis (IBAMA) for permission to collect at Serra da Canastra National Park, Sr Wagner Moreira Lima, former director of Serra da Canastra National Park, for logistical and facilities support, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnol6gico (CNPq Grant N' 300918/93-3) for a research grant. Fieldwork for this study had financial support through Diretoria de Pesquisa from Universidade Federal de Uberlindia. The authors thank Dr Peter Gibbs for helpful corrections and Eduardo Kickh6fel for the drawings. We are especially grateful to Dr Joio Semir for the opportunity to have extensive profitable discussions about the new species of Svitramia.

REFERENCES

Chamisso, A. (1834). De plantis in expeditione speculatoria romanzoffiana et in herbariis regiis berolinensibus obervatis. Melastomataceae americanae. Linnaea. 9: 445 - 447. Romero, R. & Nakajima, J. N. (1999). Esp&cies end micas do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, Minas Gerais. Revista Brasil. Bot. 22 (2 - suplemento): 259 265. Wurdack, J. (1973). Uma nova Melastomataceaede Minas Gerais. Bol. Mus. Bot. Munic. 10: 1 - 3.