Conolly's Factors
A - An appropriate site with some form of scenery
B - An arrangement of the buildings that allowed light
in and cross ventilation, with no building
overshadowing another or the airing courts
C - A linear form to the layout
D - It should accommodate no more than 360 to 400
inmates
Ea - A building that offered a range of wards for classification
Eb - Each ward should have its own attendant's rooms
Ec - There should be open areas as opposed to day rooms for patients
Additions Plan 1898
Original Building with the 1895 addition visible on the extreme right
Fremantle Asylum showing all additions on the right hand side (arrow)
Derby Asylum, England opened 1844
the arrows indicated wards and are placed in airing courts
Fremantle Asylum in a Picturesque setting
A Place for Convicts: The Fremantle Asylum
Susan Piddock
[email protected]
Conolly's Factors
F - Each ward should have access to a
bathroom, lavatory and water closets
G - Each ward should have a wide gallery
furnished as a day room with windows
low enough to allow a view outside
Ha - There should be a large recreation room
Hb - School rooms
Hc - Work rooms and workshops
Hd - A chapel for the use of patients
Ia - The offices should be centrally located
Floor Plan of
the Asylum
The hatched areas represent the additions to the asylum. The room descriptions are not supported as there is no clear match with any time period.
The original building is arrowed
Description of Lunatic Asylum in 1884
Lunatic asylum - Built of stone two storeys high. Male division consisting of eight dormitories, one dining room, eight cells, two offices. Female division consisting of two dormitories, one large day room, one dining room, three rooms occupied by a matron, two cells, washhouses and stores. Dormitory accommodation for about 80 patients. In Rear of the building is a yard containing cookhouse, with coppers, &c., washhouse, shower baths, dead house, & c. Quarters for officer in charge of adjoin main building, and contained 4 rooms and kitchen, and the whole surrounded on three sides by a stone wall of an average height 14 feet, enclosing a space of about seven acres and two roods, divided into exercise yards, garden, a recreation yard, &c.
Reasons for Fremantle Asylums Failure to be an Curative Asylum
Designed for poor and pauper inmates on the cheapest scale the initial building was never appropriately designed in the first place;
It was never appropriately funded -costs for English county asylum were £200 per head per year, at Fremantle £45;
Received poor, former convicts and criminal lunatics as inmates who could not be separated;
Tyranny of distance, the asylum was funded by England on the other side of the world, a reply to a Governor's letter could take six months;
Attitudes towards the insane among the Western Australia Legislative Assembly and Council;
Unwillingness to begin anew with a new asylum.
Barnett Found:
"cheerful rooms, bright with flowers and lively with singing birds and music, which although very desirable, but utterly impracticable in a small unsuitable building like Fremantle, where maniacs and idiots cannot be separated from the other patients from want of room and paucity of attendants – male and female".
Fremantle Asylum Today – An Art Centre and Museum
Additional wing of the asylum showing the dining room with ward above (1898) and the Matron's rooms
First Floor Plan of the Asylum
1895 and 1898 additions which became the women's side. The arrowed section was initially one ward
Original building with 1888 addition of a ward. Becomes the male section
Derby Asylum – Conolly's Ideal Asylum
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