Genus Parichoronyssus (Acari: Macronyssidae) and a description of a new species from Mexico

Genus Parichoronyssus (Acari: Macronyssidae) and a Description of a New Species from Mexico JUAN B. MORALES-MALACARA Laboratories de Acarologia, Departamento de Biologfa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de M6xico, Coyoacdn 04510 Mexico, Distrito Federal

J. Med. Entomol. 33(1): 148-152 (1996) ABSTRACT The genus Parichoronyssus Radovsky (1966), is redefined, and Parichoronyssus lopezi Morales-Malacara is described as a new species from specimens collected from a bat, Dermanura azteca, taken in Tlaxcala, Mexico. A key to the 6 species of Parichoronyssus is provided. KEY WORDS Acari, Macronyssidae, Parichoronyssus, bat ectoparasites

RADOVSKY (1966) DESCRIBED the genus Parichoronyssus, with the type species P. sclerus. Subsequently, Radovsky (1967) described 3 additional species, and Morales-Malacara (1992) added 1 more species from Tonatia evotis, collected in Mexico. With the description of the new species in the current article, there are now 6 species in the genus. It represents the 5th species of the genus found in Mexico (Bassols de Barrera 1979; Morales-Malacara 1982, 1992, 1995; Palacios-Vargas and Morales-Malacara 1983; Palacios-Vargas et al. 1985). With the inclusion of additional species, a rediagnosis of the genus is appropiate and is presented below. The nomenclature for the idiosomal chaetotaxy is that used by Radovsky (1967). All measurements are in micrometers.

pair of accessory setae on lateral margins near tip or without it. Leg I stouter than those of other legs. Coxae I-FV with strong ventral ridges. Palpal trochanter without ventral process; both setae of trochanter minute, medial seta may be lacking. Chelae without spines. Male dorsal plate covers most of dorsum, without submerged border or margin or with a very thin submerged portions. Dorsal plate with 13-24.5 setal pairs; S4,1, D5 present or absent; D7 absent. Peritremal plate with or without seta. Protonymph idiosoma bearing 28.5-32.5 setal pairs; pygidial plate with 2 setal pairs. Parichoronyssus lopezi Morales-Malacara, New Species (Figs. 1-6)

Parichoronyssus Radovsky, 1966

Diagnosis. Female dorsal plate with 23-24.5 of setae, 2 setae on peritremal plate of fepairs Parichoronyssus Radovsky, 1966: 95. Type species. Parichoronyssus sclerus Radovsky, male. Sternal glands present. Anal plate with anterior margin interrupted by thin perianal zone. 1966. Diagnosis. Idiosomal plates essentially without Coxa I with 2 distinct anteriad and medial ridge in sculpturing, few lines may occur on anterolateral addition to the 3rd ridge with incrassate lateral plates bordering dorsal plate. Female dorsal plate projection. Distal hypostomal setal pair absent. Female. (Figs. 1 and 2). Dorsum. (Fig. 1). Dorlaterally and posteriorly submerged beneath cuticulum, where it appears as darker areas beneath sal plate with 23-24.5 pairs of setae, including 20 striate cuticulum and bordering exposed portion of primary setal pairs (Fl, F3, T, Sc, S1-S6, I, M5, plate, exposed portion of plate bearing 13-24.5 setal D1-D8), and 3-A.5 pairs of accesory setae area pairs; V, S8, and M i l absent and D8 on posterior between D6, S6, and D7 ; F3, T, Sc, S2, S3, I, M5, margin of exposed portion of plate. Peritremal plate S4, and S5 stout and large, other setae medium in well developed, ending just anterior to peritreme size, D l small. Dorsal integument with 5 pairs of near level of posterior margin of coxa II, with 1 or medium and small setae, 4 pairs laterally flanking 2 setae on inner margin near tip of peritreme. Ster- dark area of dorsal plate covered with striated cunal glands present or absent; if present, located me- ticle; 1st pair of setae at level of the middle portion dial to 1st pair of sternal pores. Third pair of sternal of peritreme; 2nd pair at level of M5; 3rd pair at pores on posterior angles of sternal plate. Epigynial level of S4; 4th pair at level of S6 and the neotriplate with broadly rounded tip or narrowed abruptly chae; 5th pair, smallest, on posterior margin of near posterior end, with bluntly pointed tip; with 1 idiosoma. Peritreme short, ending on dorsum near 0022-2585/96/0i48-0152$02.00/0 © 1996 Entomological Society of America

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Figs. 1-2. P. lopezi n. sp., female. (1) dorsum; (2) venter.

level of posterior margin of coxa II. Peritremal plate bearing 2 robust and medium setae. Venter. (Fig. 2). Tritosternum bipartite with laciniae smooth and short. Setae on armed and unarmed idiosomal venter rather long and robust, especially anteriorly. Sternal plate slightly wider than long; presternal region slightly convex; lateral margins slightly sinuous; posterior margin arched between angles on posterolateral corners; sternal glands present; 3 pairs of sternal pores, with 3rd pair posterior to St3 and on posterolateral angles of plate. Epyginial plate narrow and concave at level before epyginial setae; lateral margins weakly convex between 2 setal pairs. Anal plate subtriangular; anterior margin slightly concave, medianly interrupted by weakly sclerotized perianal zone; cribrum with 3 rows of denticles. Unarmed opisthosomal venter with 31.5 setal pairs. Legs. Coxa I with 3 ventral ridges; 1st anterolateral ridge with projecting hyaline margin; 2nd medial ridge extending anteriad from near base of proximal seta and with projecting hyaline margin; 3rd posterolateral ridge with incrassate lateral projection and terminating at the level of the anterior portion of 2nd ridge. Coxae II as well as III and

IV with ventral ridges with narrow hyaline margins. Setation of legs as in Table 1. Gnathosoma. Deutosternal groove with 8-10 denticles. Distal hypostomal setae absent, proximal setae small (9-10). Palpal trochanter with lateral seta longer (17-23) than length of segment (14— 16), medial setae small (9—12). Measurements. HOLOTYPE 9 (followed in parentheses by range and mean of 13 PARATYPE 9 9 [exceptions noted]): idiosoma length 480 (447-503, 478), width at level of peritreme 265 (260-289, 272); dorsal plate length 410 (381^22, 410), width at level of setae SI 196 (189-199, 195); sternal plate length 99 (93-110, 100), width at level of setae St2 117 (106-120, 112). Setal lengths: Fl, 6 (6-8, 6); F3, 41 (40-50, 46); T, 49 (43-52, 48); Sc, 53 (48-55, 52); SI, 32 (31-36, 34); S2, 49 (4250, 47 [n = 13]); S3, 48 (42-51, 47); S4, 42 (4049, 45); S5, 37 (35^3, 39); S6, 27 (26-33, 28); I, 37 (35^2, 38 [n = 13]); M5, 46 (42-49, 46); Dl, 9 (8-10, 9); D2, 17 (15-18, 17); D3, 19 (17-20, 18); D4, 19 (16-19, 18); D5, 22 (20-24, 23); D6, 25 (22-27, 25); D8, 28 (26-30, 29). Male. Smaller than female. Dorsum. (Fig. 3). Dorsal plate with 21.5-24.5 setal pairs, including

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Table 1. Leg chaetotaxy of the female P. lopezi III

Segment Coxa

IV

0 1 1 —, — 1 (6) 1 2 1 1 1 —, — 3 (10) 1 3

0 0 1 —, — 1 (5) 1 2

1 0 1 — — 0 (5) 1 2

1 1 0 1 —, — 1 (5) 1 1

2 2 2 —, — 1 (10) 1 2

3 1 0 —, — 0 (6) 1 1

2 2 0 —, — 0 (6) 1 1

Genu

6 1 2 —, — 2 (13) 1 1

2 2 2 —, — 2 (10) 1 1

2 2 1 —, — 1 (9) 2 1

2 2 0 —, — 0 (6) 2 0

Tibia

6 1 2 —, — 2 (13) 1 1

1 2 2 — — 2 (9) 1 1

0 2 2 —, — 1 (8) 2 1

0 2 1 —, — 1 (7) 2 1

Trochanter

Femur

Tarsus

1 1 1 3 —, —, — 3 (18) 4 1 4

19 primary setal pairs (Fl, F3, T, Sc, S1-S6,1, M5, D1-D6, D8), M3 on small rounded lateral extension of plate, and neotrichous area between D6, S5, and S6 with 1.5—4.5 setal pairs. Three medium setal pairs on unarmed integument flanking dorsal plate. Peritremal plate with 1 seta. Venter. Ventral region of holoventral plate with 12 (13 in 4 paratypes, 14 in 3 paratypes) setae (Fig.

1 2 1 3 —, —, — 3 (18) 3 1 4

1 2 1 3 —, —, — 3 (18) 3 2 3

4). Unarmed opisthosoma with 16 (11-18 in paratypes) setae on each side of holoventral plate. Legs. Coxal ventral ridge I-IV as in female. Gnathosoma. Hypostomal and palpal trochanter setae as in female. Measurements. ALLOTYPE 6 (followed in parentheses by range and mean of 13 PARATYPE 66): idiosoma length 398 (365^13, 390), width

Figs. 3-6. P. lopezi n. sp., (3) male dorsum; (4) holoventral plate of male; (5) protonymph dorsum; (6) coxa I of protonymph.

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228 (220-238, 229); dorsal plate length 358 (352- Collection at the Instituto de Biologia, Universidad 380, 362), width at level of S2 176 (176-189, 182); Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. The remaining Holoventral plate length 296 (290-310, 300), width paratypes are in the Morales-Malacara Collection at level of St2 102 (93-105, 99). Setae lengths: F l , (4 9 9, 4 66, 1 protonymph); Bernice P. Bishop 8 (7-9, 8); F3, 41 (33-46, 40); T, 43 (35^6, 40); Museum, Honolulu, HI (4 9 9, 4 6 6, 1 protoSc, 44 (41-50, 45); SI, 29 (26-36, 29); S2, 42 (37- nymph); American Museum of Natural History, 45, 41); S3, 41 (37^5, 41); S4, 43 (33-45, 40); S5, New York (1 9, 1 6); British Museum (Natural 35 (28-38, 34); S6, 22 (18-25, 23); I, 33 (28-36, History), London ( 1 9 , 1 6). 33); M5, 38 (34-41, 38); Dl, 8 (8-10, 9) ; D2, 13 Etymology. The species name is dedicated to (13-16, 14); D3, 15 (14-17, 15); D4, 15 (14-17, Gerardo L6pez, an enthusiastic chiropterologist. 15); D5, 19 (17-22, 19); D8, 25 (24-28, 27). Remarks. Parichoronyssus lopezi described Protonymph. Idiosoma with 32.5 setal pairs. herein was referred to as Parichoronyssus sp. A by Podosomal plate with 10 pairs of setae (Fig. 5); F3, Morales-Malacara (1995). T, Sc, S2, and S3 long and robust; D l small, D2, D3, and D4 medium in size. Unarmed dorsum Discussion with 11 pairs of setae medium to long in size and robust. Anal plate subtriangular with anterior marParichoronyssus lopezi is a Neotropical species gin interrupted by weakly sclerotized perianal zone and represents the 6th species named in the genus (not interrupted in 2 paratypes). Ventral ridge Parichoronyssus and the 5th recorded from Mexico. present on coxa I and IV; coxa I with lateral subParichoronyssus lopezi is separated from the othtriangular ridge with hyaline margin and slightly er known species in its genus by the greater number lateral proyection; another, proximomedial slightly of dorsal setae, the number of coxal ridge on coxa curved ridge with very thin hyaline margin; distal I in the female and male, and the greater size of seta thin and medium in size and proximal seta setae of the unarmed dorsum. Females of P. craslong and robust (Fig. 6). Distal hypostomal seta sipes are similar to JR lopezi in the number of setae and medial seta of palpal trochanter lacking. on peritremal plate, the presence of sternal glands, Measurements. 1 protonymphal paratype (followed and the absence of distal hypostomal setae. Other related material is that presented by Rain parentheses by range and mean of 3 other protonymphal paratypes [exceptions noted]): idiosoma dovsky (1967) who described 2 protonymphs, 1 length 345 (345-366, 353 [n = 3]), width at level of from Artibeus cinereus and 1 from Artibeus toltecus, peritreme 213 (213-228, 221); podosomal plate both from Panama, that he assigned to the genus length 230 (216-230, 226), width at level of S2, 154 Parichoronyssus. In that description, specimens (151-158, 154); pygidial plate length 47 (47-^55, 51), could represent 2 separate species and the material width 102 (95-105, 101); leg I length 252 (233-260, was left unassigned in the genus Parichoronyssus, 245). Setae lengths: Fl, 8 (6-8, 7); F3, 49 (46-49, the similarities between the material presented by 47); T, 43 (39-44, 42); Sc, 47 (45-49, 47); S2, 46 Radovsky (1967) and P. lopezi described herein are (41-£6, 44); S3, 46 (45-49, 47); M5, 42 (41-46, 44); the number of idiosomal setae, the number of setae Dl, 7 (7-9, 8); D2, 17 (16-19, 17); D3, 19 (19-21, on the unarmed dorsum, and the absence of distal hypostomal setae; but differ, in some setal measure20); D4, 20 (19-23, 21); D8, 31 (30-33, 32). Type Series. HOLOTYPE 9, 2 PARATYPE 9 9, ments and the length of leg I, which is longer in P. and 1 PARATYPE protonymph ex Dermanura azteca lopezi. In addition to the morphological similarities 6, El Tunel 10 km E Tlaxco, TLAXCALA, MEXI- both sets of specimens share the same genus of CO, 24.1.89, G. Lopez (UAMI/GLO 623). ALLO- host, just as Artibeus cinereus and Artibeus toltecus TYPE 6, 2 PARATYPE 9 9 , 3 PARATYPE 66, and are now considered part of the genus Dermanura 1 PARATYPE protonymph ex D. azteca 9, same (Owen 1988). The evidence presented above sugdata, 24.1.89, G. Lopez (UAMI/GLO 624). 1 PARA- gests that the 2 specimens cited by Radovsky (1967) TYPE protonymph ex D. azteca 6, same data, are closely related to P. lopezi. 24.1.89, G. Lopez (UAMI/GLO 619). 4 PARATYPE The differences between P. lopezi and the 2 oth66 ex D. azteca 6, same data, 24.1.89, G. Lopez er known protonymphs in the genus, P. sclerus and (UAMI/GLO 621). 1 PARATYPE 9, and 1 PARA- P. radovskyi, are the number of idiosomal setae, TYPE 6 ex D. azteca 6, same data, 24.1.89, G. the number of setae on the unarmed dorsum, and Lopez (UAMI/GLO 622). 1 PARATYPE 9, and 2 the length of leg I. PARATYPE 66 ex D. azteca 9, same data, 24.1.89, The presence of P. lopezi on D. azteca suggests G. Lopez (UAMI/GLO 625). 1 PARATYPE 9, 1 that at the moment it is a monoxenus species. PARATYPE 6, and 1 PARATYPE protonymph ex D. azteca 9, same data, 24.1.90, G. Lopez (UAMI/GLO Key to the Species of Parichoronyssus 620). 6 PARATYPE 9 9, and 2 PARATYPE 66 ex D. azteca 9, same data, 30.1.90, G. Lopez (UAMI/ Females GLO 544). 1. Dorsal plate with 13 setal pairs; setae D1-D4 lacking but represented by trichopores; The HOLOTYPE, ALLOTYPE, 3 PARATYPE epyginial plate with 1 setal pair 9 9, 3 PARATYPE 66, and 2 protonymphal PARATYPES are deposited in the Anita Hoffmann radovskyi Morales-Malacara, 1992.

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Dorsal plate with >13 setal pairs; setae D l D4 present; epyginial plate with 2 setal pairs 2 Dorsal plate with 18 setal pairs; dorsal setae S4 and D5 absent . sclerus Radovsky, 1966. Dorsal plate with >18 setal pairs; dorsal setae S4 and D5 present 3 Dorsal plate with 23-24.5 setal pairs; dorsal integument with large and robust setae . . lopezi, n. sp. Dorsal plate with 20 setal pairs; dorsal integument with small or minute setae 4 Peritremal plate with 1 seta on its dorsal margin; anterior margin of anal plate interrupted by perianal zone cyrtosternum Radovsky, 1967. Peritremal plate with 2 setae on its dorsal margin; anterior margin of anal plate not interrupted by perianal zone 5 Sternal glands present; dorsal setae F3, T, Sc, S2, S3, and M5 subequal in size crassipes Radovsky, 1967. Sternal glands absent; dorsal setae S2, S3 and M5 smaller than F3, T, and Sc euthysternum Radovsky, 1967.

Males 1. Dorsal plate with 13 setal pairs; D1-D4 lacking but represented by trichopores radovskyi Morales-Malacara, 1992. Dorsal plate with >13 setal pairs; setae D l D4 present 2 2. Dorsal plate with 18 setal pairs; setae S4, D5 and I absent; no setae on peritremal plate sclerus Radovsky, 1966. Dorsal plate with >18 setal pairs; setae S4, D5 and I present; Peritremal plate with 1 seta on its dorsal margin 3 3. Dorsal plate with 21.5-24.5 setal pairs; ventral region of holoventral plate with 11—14 setae lopezi, n. sp. Dorsal plate with 19 setal pairs; ventral region of holoventral plate with 8 or 10 setae . . . 4 4. Setae S2, S3, and M5 subequal to F3, T, and Sc; ventral region of holoventral plate with 8 setae crassipes Radovsky, 1967. Setae S2, S3, and M5 smaller than F3, T, and Sc; ventral region of holoventral plate with 10 setae . . . .euthysternum Radovsky, 1967. The male of P. cyrtosternum is unknown. Protonymphs 1. Idiosoma with 28.5 setal pairs; setae D1-D4 lacking but represented by trichopores radovskyi Morales-Malacara, 1992. Idiosoma with >28.5 setal pairs; setae D l D4 present 2

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2. Idiosoma with 30.5 setal pairs; unarmed dorsum with 9 setal pairs; leg I length under 190 /A sclerus Radovsky, 1966. Idiosoma with 32.5 setal pairs; unarmed dorsum with 11 setal pairs; leg I length over 220 fj, lopezi n. sp. Protonymphs of P. crassipes, P. cyrtosternum, and P. euthysternum are unknown. Acknowledgments Sabina F. Swift (B. P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI) was most helpful in allowing access to the mite collection. Field collection of the ectoparasitic mites was performed by Gerardo L6pez. For review of the manuscript, I express my appreciation to Anita Hoffmann (Laboratorio de Acarologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad National Aut6noma de Mexico), Tila M. PeYez (Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de Mexico), Ricardo L6pez-W. (Departamento de Biologia, Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico), Sabina F. Swift (Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI). This article is a contribution to the project Sistematica, Citogen6tica y Biologfa de la Acarofauna Epizoica de Quir6pteros Cavernfcolas de Mexico. Financial assistance was provided by Direcci6n General de Asuntos del Personal Acad6mico, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico, Grant IN203593. References Cited Bassols de Barrera, I. 1979. Mesostigmatid ectoparasites of mammals in Mexico, pp. 475—480. In J. G. Rodriguez [ed.], Recent advances in acarology, vol. 2. Academic, New York. Morales-Malacara, J. B. 1982. Acaros asociados a murcielagos de la Gruta de Aguacachil, Taxco, Guerrero. Folia Entomol. Mex. 54: 107-109. 1992. New species of the genus Parichoronyssus (Acari: Macronyssidae) on Tonatia evotis (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in southeastern Mexico. J. Med. Entomol. 29: 556-560. 1995. Mesostigmatid ectoparasites of bats in Mexico. In R. Mitchell, D. J. Horn, G. Needham, and W. C. Welbourn [eds.], Acarology IX. Proceedings. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, OH (in press). Owen, R. D. 1988. Phenetic analyses of the bat subfamily Stenodermatinae (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). J. Mammal. 69: 795-810. Palacios-Vargas, J. C , and J. B. Morales-Malacara. 1983. Biocenosis de algunas cuevas de Morelos. M6m. Biospeol. 10: 163-169. Palacios-Vargas, J. C , I. Vazquez, and J. B. MoralesMalacara. 1985. Aspectos faunfsticos y ecol6gicos de la Gruta de Juxtlahuaca, Guerrero, Mexico. M6m. Biospeol. 12: 135-142. Radovsky, F. J. 1966. Revision of the macronyssid and laelapid mites of bats: outline of classification with description of new genera and type species. J. Med. Entomol. 3: 93-99. 1967. The Macronyssidae and Laelapidae (Acarina: Mesostigmata) parasitic on bats. Univ. Calif. Publ. Entomol. 46: 1-288. Received for publication 3 March 1995; accepted 1 September 1995.