Grimmia horrida (Grimmiaceae), a new species from the Iberian Peninsula JESU´S MUN˜OZ Real Jardı´n Bota´nico (CSIC), Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain e-mail:
[email protected] HELENA HESPANHOL CIBIO, Centro de Investigac¸a˜o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gene´ticos, Campus Agra´rio de Vaira˜o, 4485-661 Vaira˜o, Portugal; Departamento de Botaˆnica, Faculdade de Cieˆncias, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 1191, 4150181 Porto, Portugal e-mail:
[email protected] KATIA CEZO´N Real Jardı´n Bota´nico (CSIC), Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain e-mail:
[email protected] ANA SE´NECA CIBIO, Centro de Investigac¸a˜o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gene´ticos, Campus Agra´rio de Vaira˜o, 4485-661 Vaira˜o, Portugal; Departamento de Botaˆnica, Faculdade de Cieˆncias da Universidade do Porto, 4150-181 Porto, Portugal. Present address: Norwegian University for Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway e-mail:
[email protected] ABSTRACT. Grimmia horrida, a new species from the NW of the Iberian Peninsula is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by the ciliate hair-points. Additionally, the leaves are linear, strongly keeled so that the two blades of the lamina touch each other near the costa and then curve outward, the lamina is bistratose only at the margins and in small areas, and the connection to the terete hair-point is very abrupt in most leaves. Although all the specimens are sterile, this combination of characters is unique in Grimmia. KEYWORDS. Bryophyta, Grimmia, Grimmiaceae, Iberian Peninsula, Orthogrimmia, taxonomy.
¤ During the preparation of the senior author’s Ph.D. dissertation (Mun˜oz 1998), a strange specimen of
¤
¤ Grimmia collected in a rather remote area of northwestern Spain was identified as G. montana
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Bruch & Schimp., although with hesitation. The plant was odd in having ciliate hair-points, with many teeth more than twice as long as the width of the hair-point. Although superficially similar to G. montana, it did not fit in some characters, like the shape of the leaves in cross-section or the mostly unistratose leaves. Other taxa in the genus were even less related. The specimen remained with the tentative identification until the second author, working on her Ph.D. thesis on saxicolous communities in northern Portugal, collected several specimens identical to the Spanish plant and sent them to Mun˜oz for study, who confirmed that they do not pertain to any known species. Grimmia horrida J. Mun˜oz & H. Hespanhol, sp. nov. Figs. 1, 2 Species piliis ciliatis a congeneribus diversa. TYPE: PORTUGAL. TRA´S-OS-MONTES E ALTO DOURO: Serra do Mara˜o, Seixinhos, 29TNF9363, 1236 m, 3 Jul 2005, H. Hespanhol (MA 37866, HOLOTYPE; PO 4991, LISU 225895, ISOTYPES). Description. Dioicous. Plants dark green to blackish. Stems erect, to 0.6 cm tall. Leaves erect and slightly flexuose when dry, patent when moist, 1.2– 2.0 3 0.2–0.3 mm, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, strongly keeled, with the two blades of the lamina touching each other for a distance from the costa, not plicate; margins plane; costa semi-terete, differentiated from lamina and strongly protruding on dorsal side of leaf, ventral layer 2 cells wide in cross-section; lamina 1-stratose, 2-stratose in 2–4 marginal rows except at apex with additional 2stratose areas, not pseudopapillose; distal cells 7– 10 mm long, isodiametric, with many oblate at the margins, not bulging, not papillose, walls sinuose; proximal juxtacostal cells 20–65 3 7–10 mm, rectangular (3–6.5:1), walls thick and nodulose, occasionally straight and less thickened; proximal marginal cells 15–45 3 7–13 mm, rectangular (2–4:1), the transverse walls thicker than the longitudinal walls; hyaline hair-points terete, distinctly narrower than the green apex, slightly flexuose, erect, to 1.2 mm, ciliate. Propagula lacking. Sporophytes not known. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the intimidating appearance of the hair-points when
considered at the appropriate scale (e.g., as it would be perceived by a springtail). Ecology and distribution. The new species grows on exposed schist outcrops together with Andreaea heinemannii subsp. crassifolia, Andreaea rothii subsp. falcata and Grimmia montana. Its range is restricted to the NW Iberian Peninsula, an area with an oceanic-temperate climate and abundant rain. Discussion. Although sterile, Grimmia horrida seems to belong to subg. Orthogrimmia, defined by leaves keeled with plane margins (Herna´ndezMaqueda et al. 2008). The ciliate hair-points separate at once Grimmia horrida from any other species in the Grimmiaceae, or even in the Bryophyta. The species is in some degree similar to G. montana, but the latter taxon has a leaf lamina completely bistratose in the distal 2/3 and, as seen in cross-section, the lamina blades form a more open angle at the connection with the costa, which results in that they barely touch each other in the proximity of the costa, and are ventrally concave and resemble a spoon in profile (see illustrations in Ignatova & Mun˜oz 2004 and Maier & Geissler 1995), while in G. horrida they are ventrally convex and curved outward (cf. Fig. 1I–K). Additionally, in G. montana the basal juxtacostal cells are shorter and have smooth walls. Another taxon with which the new species shows some similarity, especially microscopically, is G. incurva Schwa¨gr. They share the long, nodulose basal juxtacostal cells and the strongly keeled leaves, although the latter character is much more pronounced in G. horrida. In addition, G. incurva differs in having recurved margins, basal marginal cells with transversal walls of the same width as the longitudinal ones, and more contorted leaves (Ignatova & Mun˜oz 2004; Maier & Geissler 1995). Additional specimens examined. PORTUGAL. ˆ s, Paradela, MINHO: Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gere 29TNG6437, 646 m, 26 Mar 2006, Hespanhol (MA 37867, PO 4994); TRA´S-OS-MONTES E ALTO DOURO: Serra do Mara˜o, Covelos, 29TNF9475, 1109 m, 10 Jul 2005, Hespanhol (MA 37865, MA 37866, PO 4992, PO 4993). SPAIN. LEN˜N˜O´N: Candı´n; Alto del Puerto de Ancares, 29TPH74, 1800 m, 13 May 1990, Mun˜oz (MA 18999).
Mun˜oz et al.: Grimmia horrida n.sp. from Iberia
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Figure 1. Grimmia horrida. A. Habit dry. B. Leaves. C, D. Hair-points; note that the connection of the hair-point to the green apex is very abrupt. E. Distal cells. F. Basal juxtacostal cells. G. Basal marginal cells. H–L. Leaf cross section from apex to the base. (from the holotype). Scale: A 5 1 mm; B 5 300 mm; C 5 100 mm; D 5 50 mm; E–G 5 20 mm; H, I 5 25 mm; J–L 5 40 mm.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Education (grant BOS2002-00285) and the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha to JM, and the support to HH by the
European Community’s Programme ‘‘Structuring the European Research Area’’ under a SYNTHESYS grant (ES-TAF 3922) to visit the Real Jardı´n Bota´nico and Fundac¸a˜o para a Cieˆncia e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/13058/2003 PhD fellowship).
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LITERATURE CITED Herna´ndez-Maqueda, R., D. Quandt & J. Mun˜oz. 2008. Testing reticulation and adaptative convergence in the Grimmiaceae (Bryophyta). Taxon 57: 500–510. Ignatova, E. A. & J. Mun˜oz. 2004. The genus Grimmia Hedw. (Grimmiaceae, Musci) in Russia. Arctoa 13: 101–182. Maier, E. & P. Geissler. 1995. Grimmia in Mitteleuropa: Ein Bestimmungsschlu¨ssel. Herzogia 11: 1–80. Mun˜oz, J. 1998. A taxonomic revision of Grimmia subgenus Orthogrimmia (Musci: Grimmiaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: 367–403.
Figure 2. Distribution of Grimmia horrida.
ms. received March 11, 2008; accepted
