Mapeando Fluxos Metropolitanos. Considerações acerca da dinâmica migratória intrametropolitana da RM de Campinas e a utilização de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica na espacialização de seus fluxos populacionais

MAPEANDO FLUXOS METROPOLITANOS CONSIDERAÇÕES ACERCA DA DINÂMICA MIGRATÓRIA INTRAMETROPOLITANA DA RM DE CAMPINAS E A UTILIZAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS DE INFORMAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA NA ESPACIALIZAÇÃO DE SEUS FLUXOS POPULACIONAIS

TIAGO AUGUSTO

Resumo

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Abstract

+VyU OQTG VJCP TGEQIPK\GF VJG KORQTVCPEGQH)GQITCRJKE+PHQTOC VKQP5[UVGOUKPVJGURCEKCNK\CVKQPQH OCP[ V[RGU QH FCVC 6JG UKVWCVKQP FQGUPyVFKHHGTKPOKITCVQT[UVWFKGU *QYGXGT)+5yUVQQNUTGOCKPWPFGT WVKNK\GFKPVJGGNCDQTCVKQPCPFEQO RTGJGPUKQP QH OKITCVQT[ PGVYQTMU URGEKCNN[VJQUGOQTGURCEKCNN[NQECN K\GFEKTEWOUETKDGFCUVJGKPVTCOGV TQRQNKVCPQPG6JWUVJGOGVTQRQNKU KUEQPſIWTGFCUCPKORQTVCPVTGEQTF  VGTTKVQTKCN FGNKOKVCVKQP IKXGP VJG FTCOCVKE KPETGCUG KP VJG FGITGG QH WTDCPK\CVKQPQH$TC\KNKCPEKVKGUQXGT VKOGRTQEGUUVJCVKUPQVKPCP[YC[ ET[UVCNNK\GF 6JG OGVTQRQNKVCP CTGC DGEQOGU PQV QPN[ VJG FGUVKPCVKQP QHOCP[RQRWNCVKQPƀQYUDWVCNUQ QTKIKPQHOCP[QVJGTU+PVJKUUGPUG 47 ƀQYU TWTCNWTDCP NQUG C UKI PKſECPV RQTVKQP QH KVU TGNGXCPEG VQ OQTG NQECNK\GF OQXGOGPVU OCKPN[

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1

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/#%WUKPICURGEKſEVQQNHQTVJCV VQDGOQTGRTGEKUGWUKPI6GTTC8KGY )+5 UQHVYCTG 1VJGTU KPFKECVQTU TCVGU CPF RTQRQTVKQPU YKNN DG CNUQ WUGF VQ KNNWUVTCVGF VJG URCVKCN CPF UQEKCNVTCPUHQTOCVKQPUVJCVQEEWTTGF COQPI VJG FGOQITCRJKE EGPUWU QH CPF -G[YQTFUOKITCVKQPKPVTCOGVTQRQ NKVCPRQRWNCVKQPƀQYU JEL:4

1 Introdução

/CKU TGEGPVGOGPVG C WVKNK\CÁºQ FQGURGEÈſEQHGTTCOGPVCNFQU5KUVG OCUFG+PHQTOCÁºQ)GQIT¶ſECXGO encontrando diversos adeptos nos GUVWFQU FGOQIT¶HKEQU 5ºQ GZGO RNQUQUVTCDCNJQUFG,CMQDG;QWPI

  %CKCFQ G 2KTGU  &y#PVQPCG8CP9G[ G%WPJC GQWVTQU 0QRTGUGPVGGUVWFQ GUVGU UºQ CNIWPU VTCDCNJQU EQO QU SWCKUÃRQUUÈXGNGUVCDGNGEGTRCTCNGNQU GFK¶NQIQUWOCXG\SWGRTCVKECOGP te todos CDQTFCO GURGEKſECOGPVG CSWGUVºQOGVTQRQNKVCPC 4+)166+ 41&4+)7'5QWUGLCOGUOQ TGEQTVGGURCEKCNCSWKCFQVCFQ #NÃOFGUVGUFQKUQWVTQUGUVWFQU OGTGEGOGURGEKCNCVGPÁºQKUVQRQT SWGCDQTFCOEQPEGKVQUGPQÁÐGUSWG RGTOGKCO Q RTGUGPVG CTVKIQ #NÃO FKUUQ VÄO EQOQ RTGQEWRCÁºQ EGP VTCNCFKP¸OKECOKITCVÎTKCKPVGTPCQ OCRGCOGPVQFQUUGWUƀWZQUPCCVW alidade3 e os processos e fenômenos SWGQUEQPFKEKQPCO 1 RTKOGKTQ FGNGU à Q GNCDQTCFQ RQT/CVQUG$TCIC 0GUVGQU CWVQTGURCTVGOFGWOCRGTURGEVKXC JKUVÎTKEQGUVTWVWTCN őEN¶UUKECŒ G ECTC CQU GUVWFQU OKITCVÎTKQU EWLQU diferenciais entre áreas de destino e QTKIGOFGƀWZQURQRWNCEKQPCKU em OWKVQFGſPKTCOQRCRGNFGUVCU¶TGCU PQEQPVGZVQFCTGFGWTDCPCFGNQECNK FCFGUGPCTGFGOKITCVÎTKCPCEKQPCN



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Diagrama 1 - Rede Migratória Intrametropolitana – Valores Absolutos dos Fluxos Migratórios – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 1991 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR(ODERUDomRSUySULD

Diagrama 2 - Rede Migratória Intrametropolitana – Valores Absolutos dos Fluxos Migratórios – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 2000 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR(ODERUDomRSUySULD  9DULiYHO 9$5 ² 8QLGDGH GD )HGHUDomR H PXQLFtSLR RX SDtV HVWUDQJHLUR HPTXHPRUDYDHPH9$50XQLFtSLRRX3DtV(VWUDQJHLURGH UHVLGrQFLDHP   9DULiYHO9²&yGLJRGRPXQLFtSLRGHUHVLGrQFLDQRGLD   (VSHFLÀFDPHQWHQRGLDGH'H]HPEURGH  1RGLDGH'H]HPEURGH 11 No mesmo dia das cidades anteriores.



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Cabe ressaltar que a comparação entre as redes intrametropolitanas de migração em 1991 e 2000 se faz artifício necessário, visto que o principal objetivo nesse momento é compreender se há substanciais alterações/ transformações nos fluxos populacionais entre os municípios da região. #Q TGRTGUGPVCT VQFQU QU ƀWZQU RQRWNCEKQPCKUFC4/%ÃKPVGTGUUCP VGPQVCTCSWCPVKFCFGFGKPVGTCÁÐGU TGNCÁÐGU GPVTG CU NQECNKFCFGU GO CODQUQUEGPUQU œ DGO XGTFCFG SWG C KOGPUC OCKQTKC FGUUGU HNWZQU UºQ RQWEQ GZRTGUUKXQU GO VGTOQU CDUQNWVQU

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13

4&'4'8+56#&'&'5'081.8+/'061'%10§/+%1

Diagrama 1 - Rede Migratória Intrametropolitana – Valores Diagrama 3 – Principais Fluxos Populacionais da Rede Migratória Intrametropolitana – Valores Absolutos dos Fluxos Migratórios – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 1991 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR(ODERUDomRSUySULD

Diagrama 4 – Principais Fluxos Populacionais da Rede Migratória Intrametropolitana – Valores Absolutos dos Fluxos Migratórios – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 2000 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR0XQLFtSLRVGH+RODPEUD+RUWROkQGLDH(QJHQKHLUR &RHOKRUHLQFRUSRUDGRVDVVXDVUHVSHFWLYDVH[VHGHV(ODERUDomRSUySULD

4&'4'8+56#&'&'5'081.8+/'061'%10§/+%1

Enquanto que em 1991 o principal fluxo deste se dirigia ao município de Jaguariúna (num total de 256 emigrantes), em 2000, seu principal fluxo tinha como destino o município sede da região – Campinas, num total de 162 indivíduos, ou seja, 34,2% do seu total de emigrantes. 2TCVKECOGPVG PCFC UG CNVGTC GPVTG  G  'ZEGÁºQ HGKVC CQ OW PKEÈRKQ FG 5CPVQ #PVQPKQ FG 2QUUG 'PSWCPVQ SWG GO  Q RTKPEKRCN ƀWZQ FGUVG UG FKTKIKC CQ OWPKEÈRKQ FG ,CIWCTKÕPC PWO VQVCN FG  GOKITCPVGUGOUGWRTKPEKRCN ƀWZQVKPJCEQOQFGUVKPQQOWPKEÈRKQ UGFGFCTGIKºQŌ%CORKPCUPWOVQVCN FGKPFKXÈFWQUQWUGLCFQ UGWVQVCNFGGOKITCPVGU6QFQUQUQW VTQURTKPEKRCKUƀWZQURQRWNCEKQPCKU RQTOWPKEÈRKQUºQTKIQTQUCOGPVGQU OGUOQUFQUFG 1 SWG HKEC FG HCVQ GXKFGPVG CVTCXÃU FG CODQU QU FKCITCOCU à Q RCRGN EGPVTCNK\CFQT FQU HNWZQU OKITCVÎTKQU KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPQU FGUGORGPJCFQ RGNQ OWPKEÈRKQ UGFGFCTGIKºQ'O%CORKPCU à CNXQ FG  FQU RTKPEKRCKU HNWZQU RQRWNCEKQPCKUFGQWVTQUOWPKEÈRKQU

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Diagrama 5 – Principais Fluxos Populacionais da Rede Migratória Intrametropolitana – Valores Absolutos dos Fluxos Migratórios – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 2000 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR0XQLFtSLRVGH+RODPEUD+RUWROkQGLDH(QJHQKHLUR &RHOKRVHSDUDGRVGDVVXDVUHVSHFWLYDVH[VHGHV'LYLVmRWHUULWRULDOWDOTXDOVHHQFRQWUDYD GXUDQWHR&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFRGH(ODERUDomRSUySULD

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Este valor se refere aos municípios reagrupados. Se os mesmos estivessem GHVDJUXSDGRV R YDORU WRWDO GH LPLJUDQWHV SDUD &DPSLQDV QmR XOWUDSDVVDULD LQGLYtGXRV,VWRSRLVHPRSULQFLSDOÁX[RGH6XPDUpVHGHVWLQDD +RUWROkQGLDLQGLYtGXRV HQmRD&DPSLQDVLPLJUDQWHV &RQWXGR TXDQGR6XPDUpH+RUWROkQGLDVmRDJUHJDGRVRSULQFLSDOÁX[RGHVVD´QRYDµ ORFDOLGDGHVHGHVWLQDD&DPSLQDVLQGLYtGXRV 2PHVPRDFRQWHFHFRP RXWURVPXQLFtSLRV0RQWH0RUH-DJXDUL~QD  ,GHPDRFRPHQWiULRDQWHULRU7UDWDPVHGHYDORUHVREWLGRVDWUDYpVGRUHDJUXpamento dos municípios as suas ex-sedes.  ,PHQVDPHQWH LQÁXHQFLDGR SHOR ÁX[R HVWDEHOHFLGR HQWUH +RODPEUD H $UWXU 1RJXHLUDLQGLYtGXRV 

4&'4'8+56#&'&'5'081.8+/'061'%10§/+%1

Esta pode ser uma interessante perspectiva principalmente tendo em vista a investigação destes mesmos processos que, como pano de fundo, estão por trás da efervescente dinâmica intrametropolitana da região.

De forma distinta ao apresentado no Diagrama 4QOWPKEÈRKQFG#T VWT 0QIWGKTC RCTGEG FGUGORGPJCT WORCRGNEGPVTCNK\CFQTFGƀWZQUL¶ SWG FGNKPGKC WOC RGSWGPC ¶TGC FG KPƀWÄPEKC EQPXGTIKPFQ RCTC UK QU RTKPEKRCKUƀWZQUFG'PIGPJGKTQ%Q GNJQ%QUOÎRQNKUG*QNCODTC0GUUG UGPVKFQ#TVWT0QIWGKTCRQFGGUVCT UG VQTPCPFQ RCTC GUVGU OWPKEÈRKQU FQ GPVQTPQ WOC ¶TGC FG QRQTVWPK FCFGU UGLCOGNCUSWCKUHQTGO¶TGC FG GZRCPUºQ FG QRQTVWPKFCFGU FG GORTGIQŌOGTECFQFGVTCDCNJQQW CKPFCFGJCDKVCÁÐGUŌRQTOGKQFKHG TGPÁCUPQURTQEGUUQUFGXCNQTK\CÁºQ HWPFK¶TKC FQU OWPKEÈRKQU GPXQNXK FQU1UVTÄUƀWZQUVQVCNK\COCRGPCU KPFKXÈFWQUCKPFCCUUKOCVGUVCO RCTC OCKQTGU KPVGTCÁÐGU GPVTG QU OWPKEÈRKQUPQRGTÈQFQGOSWGUVºQ /CKUFKXGTUQRCTGEGUGTCTGIKºQ FG5WOCTÃGUGWGPVQTPQ#RCTVKTFQ Diagrama 5 ITCPFG RCTVG FQ RÎNQ FG 5WOCTà Diagrama 4 UG FGXG C KPHNWÄPEKC FKTGVC FG *QTVQN¸PFKC CſPCNÃGUVGOWPKEÈRKQSWGTGEGDGQ

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4. Diferenciais Intra

/GUOQSWGFGHQTOCIGTCNGCRTQZKOCFCQOCRGCOGPVQFQUƀWZQUOKITC VÎTKQUGUVCDGNGEKFQUGPVTGQUOWPKEÈRKQUFC4/%FºQQURTKOGKTQUKPFÈEKQUFG RQUUÈXGKUFKHGTGPÁCUKPVGTPCUGPVTGQURTQEGUUQUSWGCUEQPFKEKQPCO1KPVWKVQ CSWKÃOGNJQTEQORTGGPFGTGUVCUFKUVKPVCUTGCNKFCFGUKPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPCU

4.1 Proporção de Imigrantes (I%) e Emigrantes (E%) 7OCCRTQZKOCÁºQÃRQTOGKQFQUőRGUQUŒ TGNGX¸PEKCFCUUWCUVTQECU RQRWNCEKQPCKU #UUKOCRGTIWPVCEGPVTCNCSWKÃSWCNCKORQTV¸PEKCFGECFCWOFQUƀWZQU VGPFQGOXKUVCQVQFQ CTGFG!#RCTVKTFGUVCRTKOGKTCSWGUVºQWOCQWVTC RQFGUGTFCÈFGTKXCFCSWCKUUºQQUOWPKEÈRKQUSWGOCKUHQTPGEGOGOKITCPVGU GTGEGDGOKOKITCPVGUPCTGIKºQ! &GUUCHQTOCCRTQRQTÁºQFGKOKITCPVGUGGOKITCPVGUUGIWPFQOWPKEÈ RKQUGOTGNCÁºQCQVQVCNFGOKITCPVGUFCTGFG QWUGLCFQVQVCNFGOKITCPVGU KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPQUFCTGIKºQRQFGFCTOQUVTCUFCKORQTV¸PEKCFGECFCWO FQU ƀWZQU RQRWNCEKQPCKU DGO EQOQ FQU FKHGTGPEKCKU GPVTG QU OWPKEÈRKQU

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Imigrantes 50,0 45,0 40,0 35,0 30,0 % 25,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0

38,6 33,3 15,3 9.2 9,7

16,6 7,9

1991 2000

)T¶ſEQ  Ō 2TQRQTÁºQ FG +OKITCPVGU UGIWPFQ OWPKEÈRKQU GO relação ao Total de Migrantes da região – Migrantes Intrametropolitanos – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 1991 – 2000  2VPXQLFtSLRVGH+RODPEUD+RUWROkQGLDH(QJHQKHLUR&RHOKRHVWmRUHLQFRUSRUDGRV as suas respectivas ex-sedes municipais. Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR(ODERUDomRSUySULD

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Emigrantes 50,0 45,0 40,0 35,0 30,0 % 25,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0

48,2 45,8

21,9 11,9 7,8

11,4 5,8

1991 2000

)T¶ſEQ  Ō 2TQRQTÁºQ FG +OKITCPVGU UGIWPFQ OWPKEÈRKQU GO relação ao Total de Migrantes da região – Migrantes Intrametropolitanos – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 1991 – 2000  2VPXQLFtSLRVGH+RODPEUD+RUWROkQGLDH(QJHQKHLUR&RHOKRHVWmRUHLQFRUSRUDGRV as suas respectivas ex-sedes municipais. Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR(ODERUDomRSUySULD

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21

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4.2 Saldo Migratório (SM) #ſOFGOGNJQTEQORTGGPFGTCFKP¸OKECOKITCVÎTKCKPVGTPCFCTGIKºQ OCUUGORGTFGTCXKUºQFQVQFQPGUUGOQOGPVQRCTCQE¶NEWNQFQUCNFQ OKITCVÎTKQ UºQ VQOCFQU VCPVQ QU OKITCPVGU KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPQU EQOQ Q EQPLWPVQFGOKITCPVGU KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPQUGGZVGTPQUFC4/%EWLQOW PKEÈRKQFGTGUKFÄPEKCCPVGTKQTFKHGTGFQCVWCN6CNCTVKHÈEKQRQFGFCTOQUVTCU FCKORQTV¸PEKCFCUFKUVKPVCUOQFCNKFCFGUOKITCVÎTKCUGFGQPFGUGWUƀWZQU RQRWNCEKQPCKUUºQRTQXGPKGPVGU 6CDGNCŌ5CNFQ/KITCVÎTKQUGIWPFQOQFCNKFCFGUOKITCVÎTKCUŌ4GIKºQ /GVTQRQNKVCPCFG%CORKPCU Saldo Migratório Localidade

Conjunto dos Migrantes 1991

Intrametropolitanos

2000

1991

2000

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FGCRTQZKOCFCOGPVGOKITCP VGU *¶ RQTVCPVQ GO *QTVQN¸PFKC FQKU RTQEGUUQU EQPEQOKVCPVGU 1 RGUQFCOKITCÁºQKPVTCOGVTQRQNKVC PCPGUVGECUQÃKPGSWÈXQEQOCUJ¶ VCODÃOWOKPVGPUQRTQEGUUQFGGOK ITCÁºQCRCTVKTFGUVCOWPKEKRCNKFCFG RCTCHQTOCFC4/% VCNXG\EQORQUVC RQTOKITCPVGUSWGTGVQTPCOCQUUGWU GUVCFQUGOWPKEÈRKQUFGQTKIGO Ainda tomando em conta o censo  QU ƀWZQU KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPQU UºQVCODÃOPQV¶XGKURCTC8CNKPJQU 'PSWCPVQ 8CNKPJQU TGEGDG EGTEC FG OKITCPVGUKPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPQU GNGVCODÃOőRGTFGŒEGTECFGOGVCFG FGUVGXCNQTRCTCOWPKEÈRKQUGZVGTPQU ´4/% 5KVWCÁºQFKCOGVTCNOGPVGQRQUVCC FG+PFCKCVWDC OGUOQEQPUKFGTCPFQ SWGUGVTCVCFGƀWZQUEQOKPVGPUKFC FGUFKUVKPVCU'PSWCPVQRCTCCODQU QUEGPUQU JCXGPFQPQGPVCPVQWO EQPUKFGT¶XGNKPETGOGPVQGOC OKITCÁºQKPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPCRQWEQ KORCEVC Q UCNFQ OKITCVÎTKQ FG +P FCKCVWDC Q UCNFQ SWCPFQ EQPUKFG TCFQU Q VQVCN FG OKITCPVGU à OWKVQ OCKUTGNGXCPVGJCLCXKUVCSWGFQU KOKITCPVGUFGUVGOWPKEÈRKQRTQXGO FGHQTCFC4/% #NIQ UGOGNJCPVG QEQTTG EQO Q OWPKEÈRKQFG8KPJGFQ'UVGGO RGTFGRQRWNCÁºQRCTCQWVTQUOWPKEÈ RKQUFC4/%OCURQUUWKUCNFQOK ITCVÎTKQRQUKVKXQSWCPFQOKITCPVGU GZVGTPQUFC4/%UºQEQORWVCFQU 1WVTQ GZGORNQ EQO ECTCEVGTÈU VKECU UGOGNJCPVGU CQU FQKU ÕNVKOQU OWPKEÈRKQUEQOGPVCFQUÃQFG#OG TKECPC 1U GUVQSWGU FG #OGTKECPC UºQEQORQUVQURQTƀWZQURTQXGPKGP VGUFGHQTCFC4/% 2QT ſO Q GZGORNQ O¶ZKOQ FG OWPKEÈRKQ SWG TGEGDG ITCPFGU EQP VKPIGPVGUFGOKITCPVGUQTKWPFQUFG HQTC FC 4/% G SWG NKDGTCHQTPGEG ITCPFGUXQNWOGUFGOKITCPVGUKPVTC OGVTQRQNKVCPQUÃQOWPKEÈRKQUGFGFC TGIKºQ%CORKPCU1UFCFQUPºQUºQ EQPENWUKXQU OCU VCNXG\ %CORKPCU UGLC Q RTKOGKTQ RQPVQ FG EJGICFC QWVTQUEQPFKEKQPCPVGUEQOQRCUUCT FQVGORQ CSWKUKÁºQFGOQTCFKCGO localidades onde o valor da mesma é

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Permitem ainda aquilatar a importância de movimentos internos e externos à região, bem como os mesmos mantêm estreita relação com alterações pelas quais os municípios passaram ao longo do período. OCKUCEGUUÈXGNRQTGZGORNQHQTÁCTKC migrantes a deixarem a sede e se FKTKIKTGORCTCQUOWPKEÈRKQUFQGP VQTPQ RTKPEKRCNOGPVG *QTVQN¸PFKC %CORKPCU PGUUG UGPVKFQ à WOC G VCNXG\CRTKOGKTCGVCRCFQRTQEGUUQ OKITCVÎTKQ 2QTVCPVQ QU FCFQU RGTOKVGO OGUOQ SWG FG WOC HQTOC CRTQZK OCFC FGſPKT SWCKU UºQ CU őRQTVCU FG GPVTCFCŒ G FG őUCÈFCŒ FC 4/% 2GTOKVGO CKPFC CSWKNCVCT C KO portância de movimentos internos G GZVGTPQU ´ TGIKºQ DGO EQOQ QU OGUOQUOCPVÄOGUVTGKVCTGNCÁºQEQO CNVGTCÁÐGURGNCUSWCKUQUOWPKEÈRKQU RCUUCTCOCQNQPIQFQRGTÈQFQ

  PFKEGFG'ſE¶EKC/KITCVÎTKC (IEM) 1 ÈPFKEG FG GſE¶EKC OKITCVÎTKC

Equação 1CSWKWVKNK\CFQUGTGHGTG apenas aos migrantes intrametro RQNKVCPQU KOKITCPVGU G GOKITCPVGU KPVGTPQUFCTGIKºQ&GUUCHQTOCOK ITCPVGUGZVGTPQU´TGIKºQPºQGPVTCO PQEÏORWVQWOCXG\SWGQQDLGVKXQ ÃFGſPKTCUFKP¸OKECUFGCVTCÁºQTG RWNUºQQWTQVCVKXKFCFGRQRWNCEKQPCN KPVGTPCUFC4/% Diagrama 6, 7 e 8 'SWCÁºQŌ PFKEGFG'ſE¶EKC Migratória (IEM

+' +'/     + '



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&KCITCOCŌ PFKEGFG'ſE¶EKC/KITCVÎTKC +'/Ō/KITCPVGU Intrametropolitanos – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 1991 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR(ODERUDomRSUySULD

&KCITCOCŌ PFKEGFG'ſE¶EKC/KITCVÎTKC +'/Ō/KITCPVGU Intrametropolitanos – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 2000 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR0XQLFtSLRVGH+RODPEUD+RUWROkQGLDH(QJHQKHLUR &RHOKRUHLQFRUSRUDGRVDVVXDVUHVSHFWLYDVH[VHGHV(ODERUDomRSUySULD 22

Possivelmente com a incorporação de migrantes externos à região o índice GHHÀFiFLDPLJUDWyULDGRVPXQLFtSLRVVHULDGLVWLQWRGDTXHOHDTXLDSUHVHQWDGR A diferença entre um e outro índice poderia indicar, inclusive, a relevância do PXQLFtSLRHPHVFDODVTXHH[WUDSRODPDGD5HJLmR0HWURSROLWDQDGH&DPSLQDV ou seja, municípios que essencialmente atraem ou repelem população para além desta e que são, portanto, localidades chaves dentro do contexto estadual, nacional ou, quiçá, internacional. 23 2QGH  ,²7RWDOGH,PLJUDQWHV,QWUDPHWURSROLWDQRV GDTXHOHPXQLFtSLR  (²7RWDOGH(PLJUDQWHV,QWUDPHWURSROLWDQRV GDTXHOHPXQLFtSLR

4&'4'8+56#&'&'5'081.8+/'061'%10§/+%1

Há mais claramente definido GO  SWCKU UºQ QU OWPKEÈRKQU FG CVTCÁºQ TGRWNUºQ G TQVCVKXKFCFG OKITCVÎTKC 5ºQEQPUKFGTCFQUOWPKEÈRKQUFG CVTCÁºQ#TVWT0QIWGKTC5CPVC$¶T DCTC&y1GUVGG5WOCTÃ,WPVQUGNGU TGEGDGTCOEGTECFGKOKITCPVGU

#TVWT 0QIWGKTC  KPFKXÈFWQU 5CPVC$¶TDCTC&y1GUVGG5WOC TÃ/GUOQQUVTÄURGTVGPEGP FQCQOGUOQITWRQÃGXKFGPVGSWG QGPVºQOWPKEÈRKQFG5WOCTÃRQUUWK WOCTGNGX¸PEKCTGIKQPCNOWKVQOCKQT FQSWGQUQWVTQUFQKUJCLCXKUVCSWG UGWXCNQTCDUQNWVQFGKOKITCPVGUGO OWKVQUWRGTCQUFG#TVWT0QIWGKTCG 5CPVC$¶TDCTC&y1GUVG CKPFCSWGQU XCNQTGUFG5CPVC$¶TDCTCPºQUGLCO FGOQFQCNIWOKPGZRTGUUKXQU ,¶ QU FG TGRWNUºQ UºQ CRGPCU FQKU%CORKPCUG#OGTKECPC#O DQU HQTCO TGURQPU¶XGKU RQT  GOKITCPVGU *¶ GO  ƀWZQU RQRWNCEKQ PCKUOCKUKPVGPUQUGPVTGCNIWPURCTGU FGOWPKEÈRKQUKPFKECPFQKPVGTCÁÐGU

G RTQEGUUQU FG GZRCPUºQ WTDCPC G IGTCÁºQ FG GORTGIQ OCKU NQECKU RQT GZGORNQ %CORKPCU  5WOCTÃ

GOKITCPVGUQWCKPFC#OG TKECPC 5CPVC$¶TDCTC&y1GUVG  GOKITCPVGU œ GXKFGPVG SWG GUVGU ƀWZQURQPVWCKUKORCEVCOQÈPFKEGFG GſE¶EKCOKITCVÎTKCVCPVQFQUOWPKEÈ RKQUTGEGRVQTGUSWCPVQőGZRWNUQTGUŒ FGRQRWNCÁºQHCVQSWGTGRGTEWVGPC TGRTGUGPVCÁºQ FQU FKCITCOCU 6CN HCVQVCODÃONGXCCETGTSWGCQOG PQUGOPºQJ¶PGEGUUCTKCOGPVG OCKQTKPVGTCÁºQGPVTGQUOWPKEÈRKQU

CTGFGOKITCVÎTKCGOUKPºQÃOCKU FGPUC QW UGLC QU OWPKEÈRKQU PºQ GUVCDGNGEGO VTQECU RQRWNCEKQPCKU EQO WO PÕOGTQ OCKQT FG QWVTQU OWPKEÈRKQUJ¶UKOKPVGTCÁÐGUOCKU KPVGPUCUGPVTGCNIWPURQWEQUOWPK EÈRKQU SWG KORCEVCO VCPVQ QU SWG TGRGNGO RQRWNCÁºQ %CORKPCU G #OGTKECPC SWCPVQ CSWGNGU SWG C TGEGDGO 5WOCTà 5CPVC $¶TDCTC &y1GUVGG#TVWT0QIWGKTC # UKVWCÁºQ GO  à EQPVWFQ OWKVC FKUVKPVC 'PSWCPVQ GO  QUOWPKEÈRKQUTQVCVKXQU correspon

4&'4'8+56#&'&'5'081.8+/'061'%10§/+%1

FKCOCGOUºQOWPKEÈRKQUQWUGLCUºQKPEQTRQTCFQUCGUVGITWRQ QUOWPKEÈRKQUFG#OGTKECPCG5WOCTÃGPVºQőGZRWNUQTGUŒFGRQRWNCÁºQ0C XGTFCFGUGQUOWPKEÈRKQUFC4/%HQUUGOCPCNKUCFQU Diagrama 8FQKU QWVTQUOWPKEÈRKQUEQORQTKCOQITWRQFQUTQVCVKXQU5WOCTÃG'PIGPJGKTQ %QGNJQ2QTUWCXG\*QTVQN¸PFKCOWKVQKPƀWGPEKCFCRGNQUƀWZQURQRWNCEKQ PCKUQTKIKP¶TKQUFG%CORKPCUG5WOCTÃOCKUTGVÃOFQSWGGZRWNUCRQRWNCÁºQ

&KCITCOCŌ PFKEGFG'ſE¶EKC/KITCVÎTKC +'/Ō/KITCPVGU Intrametropolitanos – Região Metropolitana de Campinas, 2000 Fonte: ,%*(&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFR0XQLFtSLRVGH+RODPEUD+RUWROkQGLDH(QJHQKHLUR &RHOKRVHSDUDGRVGDVVXDVUHVSHFWLYDVH[VHGHV'LYLVmRWHUULWRULDOWDOTXDOVHHQFRQWUDYD GXUDQWHR&HQVR'HPRJUiÀFRGH(ODERUDomRSUySULD

#KPFCJ¶ CUUKOEQOQGOEGTVQőNQECNKUOQŒPCUVTQECURQRWNCEKQPCKU =XGTGKZQUXGVQTGUC%CORKPCUŌ*QTVQN¸PFKCŌ5WOCTÃŌ0QXC1FGUUCD 8KPJGFQŌ8CNKPJQUŌ%CORKPCUQWECUVTQECUSWGVÄOEQOQEGPVTQQOWPK EÈRKQFG#TVWT0QIWGKTC?OCUJ¶VCODÃOQWVTCUPQXCUVTQECU PºQVºQNQECKU CUUKOSWGKPGZKUVKCOGOFKXGTUKſECPFQCTGFGOKITCVÎTKCPQRGTÈQFQ GOSWGUVºQ0GUUGUGPVKFQCTGFGGOF¶OQUVTCUFGWOCOCKQTFGPUKFC FGNQIQOCKQTEQPGZºQKPVGTCÁºQGPVTGQEQPLWPVQFQUCVQTGU1KPETGOGPVQ FCFGPUKFCFGPQUNGXCCUWRQTSWGCFKP¸OKECFQOGTECFQFGVGTTCUGFQ OGTECFQFGVTCDCNJQUGCNCUVTQWRGNQVGTTKVÎTKQQWUGLCOGUOQSWG%CORKPCU EQPVKPWGGZGEWVCPFQRCRGNEGPVTCNPCTGIKºQQWVTQUOWPKEÈRKQU OGUOQSWG $TXHOHVFXMRRtQGLFHpFRPSUHHQGLGRHQWUHDWp ,(0HQWUHH 26 LQGLYtGXRVHPLJUDUDPGH&DPSLQDVVHJXQGRRFHQVRHQTXDQWR que os emigrantes de Americana correspondiam a 11.364 indivíduos.  !,(0!   (QTXDQWRTXHHPDUHGHPLJUDWyULDDSUHVHQWDYDUHODo}HVFRQFUHWDV DUHGHHPDSUHVHQWDYDUHODo}HVH[LVWHQWHVRXVHMDKiQHVVHFDVR VDOGRSRVLWLYRGHQRYDVUHODo}HV7DOLQFUHPHQWRWRWDOQmRTXHUGL]HUFRQWXGR TXHDSHQDVQRYDVLQWHUDo}HVIRUDPFULDGDVQDYHUGDGHRQ~PHURWRWDOGH QRYDVLQWHUDo}HVpPXLWRPDLRU2TXHGHIDWRRFRUUHpTXHDRPHVPRWHPSR que novas trocas populacionais são estabelecidas outras tantas simplesmente GHL[DPGHH[LVWLUHQWUHRVPXQLFtSLRVGD50&$VVLPKiSDUDRSHUtRGRHP TXHVWmRDFULDomRGHQRYDVWURFDVSRSXODFLRQDLVTXHLQH[LVWLDPHP EHPFRPRDUXSWXUDGHRXWUDV 24



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Sua abrangência, nesse sentido, é muito mais limitada comparativamente a de 2000. Fato este que leva a crer que as oportunidades tanto de moradia, quanto de emprego encontravam-se, da mesma forma, concentradas em alguns poucos municípios. GOKPVGPUKFCFGUFKHGTGPVGURCUUCO VCODÃOCQHGTGEGTOCKQTGUGVCNXG\ OGNJQTGUQRQTVWPKFCFGUFGOQTCFKC GQWGORTGIQ œKPVGTGUUCPVGVCODÃOCVGPVCTCQ HCVQ FG SWG GO CODQU QU RGTÈQFQU %CORKPCUEQPVKPWCUGPFQQCNXQFQU RTKPEKRCKUƀWZQUOKITCVÎTKQUFGFK XGTUQUOWPKEÈRKQUEQPVWFQEQPVTC TKCOGPVG CQ SWG RQFGTÈCOQU UWRQT de acordo com os Diagramas 3, 4 e 5GNCPºQEQPUGIWGTGVGTRQRWNCÁºQ EQPſIWTCPFQUGEQOQRTKPEKRCNRÎNQ KTTCFKCFQT FG ƀWZQU RQRWNCEKQPCKU FCTGIKºQ

5 Conclusões

1RTGUGPVGCTVKIQVGOUWCQTKIGO GOWOCRTGQEWRCÁºQCVÃEGTVQRQPVQ DGOUKPIGNCCFGCRTQHWPFCTCFKU EWUUºQUQDTGCFKP¸OKECOKITCVÎTKC KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPCFC4/FG%CO RKPCU WVKNK\CPFQUG RCTC VCPVQ FG WOKPUVTWOGPVQGURGEÈſEQRCTCUGT OCKURTGEKUQCVTCXÃUFQHGTTCOGPVCN RTGUGPVGPQU5KUVGOCUFG+PHQTOCÁºQ )GQIT¶ſEC5ºQCKPFCRQWEQUQUGU VWFQUOKITCVÎTKQUSWGUGCRTQRTKCO FQRQVGPEKCNFGUVGKPUVTWOGPVCN5WC GUEQNJC G WVKNK\CÁºQ RQUUKDKNKVCTCO mapear a rede intrametropolitana FGOKITCÁºQGOFKUVKPVQUOQOGPVQU NQIQUWCEQORCTCÁºQGCXCPÁQUGO



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RQPVQU SWG CPVGU RCUUCXCO FGUC RGTEGDKFQU 1RTGUUWRQUVQCSWKCFQVCFQÃQ FG SWG CU VTQECU RQRWNCEKQPCKU KP VGTPCU´TGIKºQCRQPVCORCTC¶TGCU FGOCKQTQWOGPQTFKPCOKUOQGEQ PÏOKEQ /GUOQ SWG QU FCFQU CSWK WVKNK\CFQUPºQRGTOKVCOCſTOCTOQU GOCDUQNWVQSWCKUUºQQUGNGOGPVQU SWG OQVKXCO C OKITCÁºQ KPVTCOG VTQRQNKVCPC PQU CVGOQU CQ OGPQU PQ RTKOGKTQ OQOGPVQ C FQKU FQU principais condicionantes recorren VGOGPVGOGPEKQPCFQURGNCNKVGTCVWTC

%70*#UGLCOCQOGTECFQ JCDKVCEKQPCNVGTTCUGDFGVTCDCNJQ 6GPFQGOXKUVCCODQUQUEQPFK EKQPCPVGU G UWCU RQUUÈXGKU TGNCÁÐGU EQOQRTQEGUUQOKITCVÎTKQKPVTCOG VTQRQNKVCPQ OGTGEG UGT TGUUCNVCFQ SWGQUƀWZQURQRWNCEKQPCKUGO UG TGUVTKPIKCO CQ OWPKEÈRKQ UGFG

%CORKPCU G CQU FQ UGW GPVQTPQ KOGFKCVQ 5WOCTÃ#KPFCPGUUGRG TÈQFQCUVTQECURQRWNCEKQPCKUFQRCT #OGTKECPCŌ5CPVC$¶TDCTC&y1GUVG VCODÃOőUCNVCOCQUQNJQUŒ2QTÃO os dados demonstram – de modo GURCEKCN G XKUWCN Ō SWG UºQ RQWECU G RQTVCPVQ OCKU TGUVTKVCU CU ¶TGCU QPFGQUOQXKOGPVQURQRWNCEKQPCKU QEQTTGO 5WC CDTCPIÄPEKC PGUUG UGPVKFQÃOWKVQOCKUNKOKVCFCEQO RCTCVKXCOGPVG C FG  (CVQ GUVG SWGNGXCCETGTSWGCUQRQTVWPKFCFGU VCPVQFGOQTCFKCSWCPVQFGGORTG IQGPEQPVTCXCOUGFCOGUOCHQTOC EQPEGPVTCFCU GO CNIWPU RQWEQU OWPKEÈRKQU %QOQ L¶ FKVQ GO  RCTGEG JCXGT OCKQT FKXGTUKFCFG FG OQXK OGPVQU #KPFC SWG CPVKICU QTKIGPU GFGUVKPQUEQPVKPWGOCRTGUGPVCPFQ GZRTGUUKXC RCTVKEKRCÁºQ PC TGFG KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPCFGOKITCÁºQ 5W OCTà G *QTVQN¸PFKC RQT GZGORNQ QWVTQU OWPKEÈRKQU QW UGLC PQXQU OWPKEÈRKQUFGQTKIGOGFGFGUVKPQFG ƀWZQURQRWNCEKQPCKUUGHC\GOPQVCT OCKUENCTCOGPVG1SWGRQFGTÈCOQU CSWKFGPQOKPCTFGXGVQTPQTVGEQO RQUVQRGNQUOWPKEÈRKQUFG2CWNÈPKC %QUOÎRQNKU #TVWT 0QIWGKTC G 'P IGPJGKTQ%QGNJQÃWODQOGZGORNQ FGUVCU PQXCU ¶TGCU FG GZRCPUºQ FG

QRQTVWPKFCFGU QPFG CU NQECNKFCFGU OCPVÄOGUVTGKVCXKPEWNCÁºQGPVTGUK 0GUUGUGPVKFQCTGFGGOF¶ OQUVTCUFGWOCOCKQTFGPUKFCFGL¶ SWGJ¶WOOCKQTPÕOGTQFGVTQECU G KPVGTCÁÐGU RQRWNCEKQPCKU GPVTG CU NQECNKFCFGU 6TCVCUG CKPFC FG UWRQUKÁÐGUGSWGRCTCUGTGOFGHCVQ EQTTQDQTCFCU PGEGUUKVCO FG OCKQT CRTQHWPFCOGPVQFGVCNJCOGPVQ DGOEQOQFGPQXQUGQWVTQUFCFQU EQPVWFQ Q KPETGOGPVQ FC FGPUKFC FG PQU NGXC C UWRQT SWG RTQEGUUQU sociais e econômicos mais gerais e EQPVGZVWCKUGUVTWVWTCKU CUUQEKCFQU GUUGPEKCNOGPVG C FKP¸OKECU GURGEÈ ſECU FQ OGTECFQ FG VGTTCU G FQ FG VTCDCNJQ UG FKURGTUCTCO RGNQ VGTTK VÎTKQ OGVTQRQNKVCPQ QW UGLC PQXCU HTQPVGKTCUGUVºQUGPFQETKCFCU 2CTGEG SWG QU FCFQU CRTGUGPVC dos esclarecem ao menos parte das KPSWKGVCÁÐGURTGUGPVGUPQGUVWFQFG .KOC G $TCIC  WOC XG\ SWG FG HCVQ C TQVCVKXKFCFG OKITCVÎTKC RCTGEG VGT UG VQTPCFQ őC TGITCŒ CQ OGPQURCTCGUVGUOWPKEÈRKQUOGVTQ RQNKVCPQU %QPVWFQ C TQVCVKXKFCFG OKITCVÎTKC PºQ à PGEGUUCTKCOGPVG őWO OCN UKPCNŒ QW UGLC GNC PºQ deveria ser encarada como a inca RCEKFCFGFGWOOWPKEÈRKQTGVGTUWC RQRWNCÁºQ 0C XGTFCFG RCTVKOQU CSWKFGWOQWVTQRQPVQFGXKUVC1 XCNQTPGICVKXQFQÈPFKEGFGGſE¶EKC OKITCVÎTKC FQ OWPKEÈRKQ UGFG FC TGIKºQ RQFG GUVCT EQTTGNCEKQPCFQ EQO Q VCODÃO KPETGOGPVQ G FKUUG OKPCÁºQPQVGTTKVÎTKQOGVTQRQNKVCPQ FGQRQTVWPKFCFGU FGOQTCFKCGFG VTCDCNJQGUUGPEKCNOGPVGSWGCPVGU se encontravam concentradas em al IWOCURQWECUNQECNKFCFGU'UUCRWN XGTK\CÁºQ FG QRQTVWPKFCFGU Ō WOC FCURQUUÈXGKUHCEGUFQKPETGOGPVQFC TQVCVKXKFCFGOKITCVÎTKCFQUFGOCKU OWPKEÈRKQU FC 4/% Ō EQPFKEKQPC FG EGTVC HQTOC Q GUVCDGNGEKOGPVQ FG HNWZQU RQRWNCEKQPCKU GPVTG QU OWPKEÈRKQUFKXGTUKſECPFQQUGEQP UGSWGPVGOGPVGFGPUKſECPFQCTGFG OKITCVÎTKC KPVTCOGVTQRQNKVCPC RQT OGKQFQCWOGPVQFCUKPVGTCÁÐGUGP VTGQUOWPKEÈRKQU6CNXG\VCNRTQEGUUQ FGEKTEWNCÁºQPQVGTTKVÎTKQTGCNOGPVG

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PºQ GPEQPVTG VGTTGPQ VºQ HGEWPFQ SWCPVQQOGVTQRQNKVCPQ

Referências

CPQUQECUQFC4/FG%CORKPCU +P %70*# , / 2 1TI Novas Metrópoles Paulistas: RQRWNCÁºQXWN PGTCDKNKFCFGGUGITGICÁºQ%CORKPCU 0GRQ7PKECORR &y#0610# # 1 8#09'; . - Estratégia de amostragem em pes SWKUCUFGWUQGEQDGTVWTCFCVGTTC+P '0%106410#%+10#.&''567 &15 2127.#%+10#+5   %CZCODW/)Anais...#$'2

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+&18+%* ( .+/# 1 / $WCTSWG FG %QPVTKDWKÁºQ CQ GUVWFQ FG CINQOGTCÁÐGU WTDCPCU PQ $TCUKN 4GXKUVC $TCUKNGKTC FG )GQITCſC CPQ PLCPOCT

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*#00'/#0 4 4KFFNG / Introduction to social network methods. 4KXGTUKFG %# 7PKXGTUKV[ QH %CNKHQT PKC  &KURQPÈXGN GO JVVR YK\CTFWETGFW`TJCPPGOCKPFGZ JVONPGYU #EGUUQGOLWP

%#+#&1 / % 5 2+4'5 / % 5 1XGTUQGQTGXGTUQFCFKP¸OKECOG VTQRQNKVCPC OQDKNKFCFG RQRWNCEKQPCN G GUVTWVWTCÁºQ UQEKQGURCEKCN +P '0 %106410#%+10#.&''567&15 2127.#%+10#+5%CZCO DW/)Anais...#$'2

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