O parto “natural” e “humanizado” na visão de mulheres de camadas médias e populares no Rio de Janeiro

June 30, 2017 | Autor: Olivia Hirsch | Categoria: Humanizaçao do Parto e nascimento
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Descrição do Produto

: http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2015.2.17933

Dossiê: Partos, maternidades e políticas do corpo

O  parto  “natural”  e  “humanizado”  na  visão   de  mulheres  de  camadas  médias  e  populares   no  Rio  de  Janeiro “Natural”  and  “humanized”  childbirth  in  the  perspective  of   middle  class  and  poor  women  in  Rio  de  Janeiro Olivia  Nogueira  Hirsch*

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Civitas,  Porto  Alegre,  v.  15,  n.  2,  p.  229-­249,  abr.-­jun.  2015

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Civitas,  Porto  Alegre,  v.  15,  n.  2,  p.  229-­249,  abr.-­jun.  2015

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