PARCEL TRACKING SYSTEM FOR COURIER COMPANIES

42




PARCEL TRACKING SYSTEM FOR COURIER COMPANIES
DESIGNED AND DEVELOPED
BY
PETER GODFREY OBIKE
([email protected], Skype:peculiarpety,+234-803-418-5981)
for
nsik express delivery(ned)




Chapter One
Introduction
1.0 Introduction
This chapter introduces an e-post management system of a courier services which is the first chapter in this research is specifically focused on the theoretical background as well as the statement of the problem, aims and objective of the study, significance of the study, scope of the study, organization of the research and finally the definition of terms. This will bring clarity in regards to the general concept of this research project.

1.1 Theoretical Background of the Study
A courier service is an organization which offers special deliveries of packages, money, documents or information. Courier servicers usually boast faster delivery times than any alternative method of transporting documents, and many services in the modern world rely on it. The idea of couriers and a courier service has been around almost as long as civilization, with rulers in antiquity using couriers as a means to make new laws and edicts known throughout their lands. In the modern age of international business, the courier service has become a keystone of enterprise, even as emerging technologies such as the fax machine and Internet have rendered them less useful in some areas.
The largest courier service in the world is the United Parcel Service (UPS), which delivers more than 12 million packages globally each day. UPS had its roots as a courier service in the beginning of the 20th Century, when it was known as the American Messenger Company. UPS survived the depression and the World Wars, and went on to thrive in the global age. Throughout the years it acquired other courier services, including the Motorcycle Messengers and a number of smaller European companies. Federal Express (FedEx) and Dalsey Hillblom Lynn, now Deutsche post AG (DHL) are other well-known global examples of the courier service, both with their roots in the early 1970s. though not nearly as large as Ups, each company controls sizable portions of the market. FedEx is particularly well-respected for its overnight courier service, the first of its kind. DHL smaller courier services abound, particularly in cities. This type of courier service finds its niche in smaller packages and documents which need to be transported from one location in a city to another as quickly as possible. Couriers in these companies often ride bicycles or motorcycles in order to achieve the shortest turnaround times from pickup to delivery. Indeed, the bicycle messenger, whizzing through crowded traffic at unbelievable speeds with a satchel over one shoulder, has become a symbol of the youthful daredevilry of city life.
Though technology has replaced many traditional uses of the courier service, there still exists a constant need to transport physical goods and documents over both short and long distances as quickly as possible.

1.2 Statement of the Problems
Keeping record of parcels in a courier service company and their delivery information is carried out manually. This litters the office with much paper documents. Most often records are misplaced and when a client comes to collect his parcel, he/she spend some hours waiting for confirmation of the parcel. Hence delay is bound to occur while delivering parcel to customers. Also, customers must visit the post office before they can purchase stamps or any other item.

1.3 Aims and Objectives of the Study
The objectives of this project are as follows:
Analysing global trends in e-commerce and why it is important for economic developments.
Identifying benefits of the adoption of e-post management system by Courier Service Company.
Developing an e-post platform that can be used by customers to order for post office items.

1.4 Significance of the study
The significance of the study includes;
To assist Courier Service Company to increase sales opportunities to the seller, thereby increasing purchasing opportunities to the buyer.
Provide buyers with a wider range of choices than traditional commerce, because they can consider many different products and services from a wider variety of sellers.
Furthermore, electronic payments can be easier to audit and monitor than payments made by check, which can help protect against fraud and theft.
E-commerce platform can make products and services available in remote area.

1.5 Scope of the Study
The scope of this project covers all details of a typical e-post application, with emphasis on the front-end portal but excludes the gateway application implementations and technologies. The gateway end which is a very secure e-payment environment is often times built using SSL protocol, which can be procured from the gateways companies and integrated to the e-commerce site to support online, onsite payment management.

1.6 Organisation of Research
This project work is divided into five chapters. Chapter one starts with the introduction, theoretical background, statement of problem, aims and objectives of the study, organization of research and definition of terms. Chapter two focus on the review of related literature. Chapter three is concerned with the system analysis and design. And also chapter four consists of system implementation and documentation which are system design, diagram, choice of program language, analysis of modules, programming environment, hardware/software requirement and implementation. Chapter five contains summary, conclusion and recommendation.




1.7 Definition of Terms
Courier: A courier is a person or company employed to deliver messages, packages and mail.
Database: A systematically arranged collection of computer data, structured so that it can be automatically retrieved or manipulated. It is also called databank.
File Transfer: Any kind of computer file can be sent via the Internet from one Internet user to another. Table of accounts on spreadsheets, design by a graphic artists, music sound files etc, can all be exchanged in this way.


Chapter Two
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction
This chapter which is specifically the second in this project research is concerned with the literature review. There are several things to put in consideration while developing an e-post management system for courier service if it should be effective and user friendly. The literature review thus contains an overview of courier Service Company, e-commerce, postal services and saving products.

2.1 An overview of Courier Service Company
According to Nick Mathiason (2007), a courier is a person or company employed to deliver messages, packages and mail. Couriers are distinguished from ordinary mail services by features such as speed, security, tracking, signature, specialization and individualization of services, and committed delivery times, which are optional for most everyday mail services. As a premium service, couriers are usually more expensive than usual mail services, and their use is typically restricted to packages where one or more of these features are considered important enough to warrant the cost. Different courier services operate on all scales, from within specific towns or cities, to regional national and global services. The world's largest courier companies are Aramex, DHL, FedEx, TNT N.V. and UPS. These offer services worldwide, typically via a hub and spoke model.
In ancient times runners and homing pigeons were used to deliver timely messages. When the horse became domesticated, its use was rapidly adopted by couriers. Before there were mechanized courier services, foot messengers physically ran miles to their destinations. To this day there are marathons directly related to actual historical messenger routes.
In cities, there are often bicycle couriers or motorcycle couriers but for consignments requiring delivery over greater distance networks, this may often include trucks, railways and aircraft.
Many companies who operate under a Just-In-Time or "JIT" inventory method often utilize on-board couriers are individuals who can travel at a moment's notice anywhere in the world, usually via commercial airlines. While this type of service is the second costliest – general aviation charters are far more expensive-companies analyse the cost of service to engage an on-board courier versus the "cost" the company will realize should the product not arrive by a specified time (i.e. an assembly line stopping, untimely court filing, lost sales from product or components missing a delivery deadline, organ transplants).
Over time, demand for a new type of representative courier has emerged. With the increase in fuel prices and productivity goals monitored closely by companies, this new type of all-in-one courier has been developed to "take care of business". Workers in companies have more work and less time to be out of the office. The genus of the UK same-day courier market stems from the London Taxi companies but soon expanded into dedicated motorcycle dispatch riders with the taxi companies setting up separate arms to their companies to cover the courier work. During the late 1970s small provincial and regional companies were popping up throughout the country. Today, there are many large companies offering next-day courier services, including City Link Ltd. and UK divisions of worldwide couriers such as APC Overnight, DHL, UPS and TNT.
Since the turn of the millennium there has been a noticeable increase in owner drivers, self-employed couriers, operating mainly from home with a sole vehicle. Advantages of this rather than working for an established same-day courier firm are that they are able to offer far better rates to their customers. Self-employed couriers come from varied employment backgrounds; from non-skilled through to highly qualified trades people.
Motorbike couriers still exist, but mainly in and around London (and other large cities), where there is often congestion, as they are much cheaper to run in heavy traffic.
Large couriers often require an account to be held (and this can include daily schedule collections). Senders therefore primarily commercial/industrial sector (and not the general public); some couriers such as DHL do however allow public sending (at higher cost than regular senders).
The Courier industry in the United States is a $59 billion industry, with 86% of the business shared by only four companies, including DHL, FedEx and UPS. The remaining 14% shared among almost 11,900 other small businesses ranging in size from 1 employee to over 600. These businesses comprise of mostly same day deliveries and are strong offline businesses like Diamond Express and strong online businesses like Naparex.
According to Fincham, Ben (2004), Same-day couriers deliver in less than 24 hours and are an integral part of any modern economy. There are roughly seven thousand courier companies in the United States that make up this multi-billion dollar sector. The business model for the courier industry is particularly dependent on independent contractors. It is estimated that 50-65% of U.S. courier companies use independent contractors to make deliveries in addition to their own dedicated employee resources.
In December 2007, the Internal Revenue Service of the US 'tentatively decided' that FedEx Ground Division might be facing a tax liability of $319 million for 2002, due to misclassification of its operatives as independent contractors. Reversing a 1994 decision which allowed FedEx to classify its operatives that own their own vehicles, the IRS is auditing the years 2003 to 2006, with a view to assessing whether similar misclassification of operatives has taken place. FedEx denies that any irregularities in classification have taken place, but is facing legal action from operatives claiming benefits that would have accrued had they been classified as employees.
Many expedited courier companies are regional; small businesses which can also provide additional services such as logistics management, archive warehousing, messenger centres, outsourced mailroom services and coordinated airfreight forwarding delivery services.
Starting in the mid-1980s, bicycle couriers who were more economical for shorter distance deliveries, began to supplant motorcycle couriers in the larger cities. Rising costs, including insurance premiums and petrol, made motorcycle couriers less competitive. Except for the metropolitan areas most of the same-day couriers throughout the country now use small vans to do deliveries. Under the current financial climate the trend has seen corporate businesses evaluate courier costs and steer away from same-day couriers and tend to sway towards the cheaper next day delivery solution.
These couriers specialize in delivering important or sensitive packages that need to be received in the local area; and/or because of time and temperature concerns, such as organs for transplant or key equipment or parts that are necessary for day to day operations. While most companies use courier services, certain industries depend on couriers on a daily basis. Biomedical labs need samples for testing and evaluation, manufacturing industries require parts to keep their plants operating smoothly, financial institutions transfer multiple documents every day between branches and processing centres, law firms must deliver confidential signature documents on very strict deadlines for court filings and pharmaceutical distributors use couriers to transport medications to hospitals and nursing homes.
Even two-day delivery services use courier firms. When a mistake has been discovered, courier firms fill in the gaps and ensure packages are delivered on time. The conditions of employment of couriers vary from country to country, city to city and even company to company. Contracts governing the relationship between individual courier and company are subject to customary practice, as local ordinance. In some places, couriers are independent contractors paid on commission and do not receive benefits such as health insurance. In other place, they are regular employees of the courier company enjoying all the benefits thereof.
2.2 E-Commerce
To many people, the term electronic commerce (sometimes shortened to e-commerce) (Kalakota & Whinston 1999) means shopping in the part of the internet called the World Wide Web. However, e-commerce has a much broader scope and encompasses many more business activities other than just web shopping. Some people and business use the term electronic business (or e-commerce) when they are talking about e-commerce in this broader sense. In this paper, we will use the term e-commerce in its broadest definition. Although the web has made online shopping possible for many businesses and individuals, in a broader sense, e-commerce has existed for many years. For decades, banks have been using electronic funds transfers (EFTs) (Schneider & Perry 2001), which are electronic transmissions of account exchange information over private communications networks. Business also have been engaging in a form of e-commerce, known as electronic data exchange data interchange (EDI), for many years. EDI occurs when one business transmits computer readable data in standard format to another business. In the 1960s, businesses realized that many of the documents they exchanged related to the shipping of goods - such as invoices, purchase orders, and bills of lading – and included the same set of information for almost every transaction. They also realized that they were spending a good deal of time and money entering these data into their computers, printing paper forms, and then re-entering the data on the other side of the transaction. Businesses that engage in EDI with each other are called trading partners. The standard formats used in ED contain the same information that businesses have always included in their standard paper invoices, purchase orders, and shipping documents.
A good definition of e-commerce would mention the use of electronic data transmission to implement or enhance any business process. Some people use the term "internet commerce" to mean e-commerce that specially uses the internet or the web as its data transmission medium. IBM has defined electronic business to be "the transformation of key business processes through the use of internet technologies".
Several technologies are needed for e-commerce to exist. The most obvious one is the internet. Beyond that system of interconnected networks, many other sophisticated software and hardware components are needed to provide the required support structure: database software, network switches and hubs, encryption hardware and software, multimedia support, and the World Wide Web. The following are the characteristics of e-commerce technologies (Burns 2002):
Ease of automated processing: A paper can now easily automate the generation and processing of multiple payments with minimal effort and cost. Previously, the dependency upon banks to handle most payments and the lack of a cheap, ubiquitous communications technology made automation of payment processes expensive and difficult to establish.
Immediacy of result: Payment immediacy occurs because of automation and the ability of the intermediate systems and providers to process payments in real- time. In manual, paper based systems there exists a time delay due to the requirement of human intervention in the process.
Loss of collateral information: The new technology dispenses with, or alters collateral information accompanying transactions. This information has traditionally been part of the transaction, and has been relied upon by the transaction parties to validate individual payments.
Globalization: Globalization, or the minimization of geographical factors in making payments, is an obvious aspect of the new payments systems. Its effect is upon areas such as size of the payments marketplace, uncertainty as to legal jurisdiction in the event of disputes, location and availability of transaction trail, and the ability of a payment scheme to rapidly adapt to regulatory regimes imposed by one country by moving to another.

2.3 Postal Services
The Post Office provides information on services and accepts postal items and payment on behalf of the two collection and delivery divisions of the Royal Mail Group, Royal Mail and Parcel Force. These include a variety of ordinary and guaranteed services both for delivery within the United Kingdom and to International destinations. Postage stamps (including commemorative stamps and other philatelic items), air letters and international reply coupons are sold, while applications for redirection of mail are accepted on behalf of Royal Mail.
Post Office Local Collet is a scheme whereby undelivered mail can be redirected at customer request to a post office for convenient collection. Personal banking services are offered on behalf of a number of "partner banks" that the Post Office has agreements with. Although different services are available on behalf of different institutions, these may include cash withdrawals, paying in cash and cheques, balance enquiries and cheque encashment. Some post offices also have cash machines, mainly provided by Bank of Ireland. The Post Office Card Account is a basic bank account allowing customers to collect benefit payment. Most other basic accounts can be accessed through post offices. The Card Account cannot be accessed anywhere other than a post office counter or ATM at a post office. These accounts are limited to Department of Work & Pensions deposits of benefit payments and HMRC Tax Credits/Child Benefit.

2.4 Savings Products
The Post Office has been long been an agent for National Savings and Investments, which was originally the Post Office Savings Bank but is now a wholly separate institution. Information is available for most NS&I products, including Premium Bonds and numerous transactions can be carried out in post offices.
In recent years the Post Office has launched its own range of branded savings products, which are sometimes in competition with those offered by NS&I. the most recently introduced, in September 2008, is a Post Office ISA. Also on offer is an instant access account (Instant Saver), while issues of two fixed term investments (Five Year Saver and Growth Bond) are periodically available. The Post Office is also a provider for the Child Trust Fund.
The post office operates as a provider of a home landline telephone service (branded as Post Office Home Phone) and has recently added broadband internet to tis portfolio. Mobile phone E Top-up is available on behalf of most networks. Post office branded prepay phone cards are available, offering potential savings particularly on international call rates.
The Post Office is now offering itself as a mortgage lender and also offers personal loans, although the latter are now marketed purely through the company's website and not through the branch network.
A number of bill payments can be accepted on behalf of a variety of organizations including utilities, local authorities and others. These can be in the form of automated payments (bar coded bills, swipe cards, key charging) or manual transactions through the Alliance & Leicester Transcash system. The name Transcash was formally used by Girobank. The Transcash service is not advertised and a search for "Transcash" on the Post Office Website returns no results. However, Transcash forms (still marked "Girobank") were still available at Post Office counters in October 2010.
Post Office savings were first introduced by Henry Fawcett in the 1880s but were phased out in the 1960s. They were re-introduced in August 2004 because of consumer demand. In 2010 saving stamps were withdrawn and replaced by the Budget Card. In 2011 it was announced that Post Office saving stamps would have to be redeemed by 28th February 2011, although any customers who miss the deadline can post their saving stamps to a central post office location where the stamps will be validated.



CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

3.0 Introduction
According to Oxford advanced dictionary, methodology is a set of methods and principles used to perform a particular activity. This chapter deals with the methods used in carrying out the project and the analysis of the methods used.

3.1 Research Methodology
During the project work, data collection was carried out in various ways. In gathering and collecting necessary data and information needed for the project, Magazines, Journal, Articles, e-books and the Internet in general were sourced. Useful information for the development of the system was also collected from the case study. The software development approach used in the design of this project is the top-down approach. A top-down approach (also known as stepwise design or deductive reasoning) is essentially the breaking down of a system to gain insight into its compositional subsystems. In the top-down approach, an overview of the system is formulated, specifying but not detailing any first level subsystem. Each subsystem is then refined in yet greater detail, sometimes in many additional subsystem levels, until the entire specification is reduced to base elements.


3.2 System Analysis
The analysis of the existing system has to be conducted. For this research, we shall look into the analysis of courier services system where input data shall be access and see how the system accomplishes its goal. This shall help to detect the existing system problem of which suggestion to the new system shall be made to improve on the existing system of the courier services.

3.2.1 Analysis of the Existing System
The existing system in a courier service company is manual. Documents for delivery are documented in a file and a payment receipt is issued. These packages are categorized according to their destination, state or country. Arrangement is made for their transportation down to their destination. On arrival, these documents are distributed to the owners and a manual record is prepared for each delivery. Sometimes customers come to the office to claim their parcel and a manual search operation is carried out to locate the parcel for the customer.

Input Analysis
Data analysis and restricting was based on the identification of the basic needs and the structure required for the project. The information gathered were analyzed and restructured in such a way that the subsystems and the modules were achieved efficiently. The analysis and restructuring of these data were such that the system is capable of entering the data to the input form.




process analysis
The information gathered was processed into a more meaning format for entry into the system. The processing was basically on the parcel records.

Output Analysis
The output from the system, designed is generated from the system inputs. More of the output generated is on parcel received and delivery information.

3.2.2 Limitations of the Existing System
Due to the manual means being used by courier Service Company in keeping parcel records information, lots of problems was encountered which include:
Delay in processing parcel files.
Loss of vital documents as the filing system is manual.
Damage of documents due to fire incident.
Illegal removal of files by fraudulent staff leading to insecurity.

3.2.3 Overview of the Proposed System
The new system is designed to solve problems affecting the manual system in use. It is designed to be computerized thereby relieving both the customers and staff from much stress as experienced in the manual system. This system will do the analysing and storing of information either automatically or interactively.

3.2.3.1 Advantages of the Proposed System
The advantages of the proposed system thus include:
Accuracy in the handling of data
Fast rate of operation and excellent responses time.
Better storage and faster retrieval system.

3.2.3.2 Disadvantages of the Proposed System
The cost effectiveness of implementing and regular maintenance is another challenging fact related to this system.
It can serve as an attack tool of computer hackers and crackers.
There is possible corruption and damages of files if the system is attacked by virus or other malwares.

3.3 System Design
The project applies a modular design with the various project features represented using modules.

3.3.1 Input Layout
Sender Info:
Sender name:

Phone:

Address:


Receiver Info
Receiver name:


Phone:

Address:



Consignment Info

Consignment No:
Types of consignment:


Weight:

Invoice no:

Qnty:
Booking mode:

Total freight:



Mode:
Departed Time:
Destination office:


Pickup date:
Pickup time:

Status:

Comment:

Add Courier
Add Courier


3.3.2 Program Flowchart
See appendix A for program flowchart.
3.3.3 Output Format
See appendix C for output format.

CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND DOCUMENTATION
4.0 Introduction
This chapter which is the system implementation specifically focuses on the system diagram, the choice of programming language employed in the research work, the analysis of the modules, programming environment, the hardware and software requirement, as well as the implementation of the system.
4.1 System Design DiagramMain Screen
Main Screen

Login Page (Administrator & Officers)Customer view (Tracking)
Login Page
(Administrator & Officers)
Customer view (Tracking)

Add Manager Add Manager Officer Success pageSuccess pageSuccess pageSuccess pageUpdate ConsignmentListing (Courier-list.php) Consignment Forms, Submit ButtonQuery Form, Submit ButtonUpdate shipment Listing Delivered-list-phpDatewiseDeliveredReportSearch/EditUpdate Consignment Add ConsignmentAdministratorConsignment Report sheet

Add Manager
Add Manager
Officer
Success page
Success page
Success page
Success page
Update Consignment
Listing
(Courier-list.php)
Consignment Forms, Submit Button
Query Form, Submit Button
Update shipment Listing
Delivered-list-php
Datewise
Delivered
Report
Search/Edit
Update Consignment
Add Consignment
Administrator
Consignment
Report sheet

4.2 Choice of programming Language
The programming language used for implementing this research work is
4.3 Analysis of Modules
4.4 Programming Environment
The several compatible hardware and software resources were used in accomplishing this research work which is specifically categorized below:
4.4.1 Hardware Requirement
The hardware requirements include:
At least 40 gigabyte of hard disk
At least 500MB of RAM
Processor speed of at least 700 megahertz, etc.
Software Requirement
Windows 7, 8, or 9
An effective antivirus
HTML, CSS and Java Script
Php MySQL

4.5 System Implementation
When the final system is ready to go, there needs to be a method of converting from the old system to the system. This can be done in four ways:
Parallel Conversion: This involves keeping the old system running alongside the new system for the first couple of weeks or months after the introduction of the system. In order to reduce risk, the old and new couple of weeks or months after the introduction of the new system are met, the system run simultaneously for some period of time after which, if the criteria for the new system are met, the old system is disable. The process requires careful planning and control and a significance investment in labour hours.
Direct Conversion: This involves taking of old system offline and putting the new system online within a day or over weekend or holiday period, though it is cheap and also quick allowing the new features to be put to use immediately but setback is that if there is a problem with the new system isn't anything to all back on.
Pilot Conversion: A pilot conversion involves using the new in section of the company, for s single department, branch of office. This allows any bugs to be found without large effect on the company as a whole.
Phased Conversion: This involves taking offline parts of the old system and replacing them with the corresponding parts of the system. The system was properly tested to ensure that it is error free. Therefore, in this project, the parallel conversion process is recommended before the system should be full used. This is to say, the manual and computerized system should be used together until it is confirmed that the computerized system is more reliable before the manual system is abandoned. This is to ensure integrity in case the computerized system fails.


CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

5.0 Introduction
This chapter actually explains the summary, conclusion, recommendation and appendices.

5.1 Summary
E-post is a major improvement on the post office as it delivers better services in a very convenient manner and eliminates the time wasted in standing in long queues waiting to buy stamps and other postal products. This system enables a registered user to buy postal products online and have them sent to his mail box without having to visit the post office. It also enables him to buy goods online and have them delivered to his residence address via courier service. This makes the prospect of using this service more appealing as it saves time and money, plus it is a very fast way of purchasing goods online.

5.2 Conclusion
The project work has exposed a lot of information relating to courier service information management. Also it has been observed that with the trend in technology, most businesses are computerized and with the computerization of the process for parcel delivery record, the courier service company can easily track purchases and online product ordering records.
5.3 Recommendation
It is recommended that;
The management of DHL, Enugu should adopt the automated method rather than continuing with their manual system.
The staff of DHL, Enugu should be given on how to use this system, and other related computer application.
Antivirus software should be installed on the computer system.
Regular maintenance of computer system should be a priority of the establishment.



REFERENCES

Abrazhevich, D. (2002), Diary on Internet Payment Systems' Proceedings of the British Conference on Human Computer Interaction/ London, England.

Anderson, M. (1998), "Electronic Cheque Architect, Version 1.0.2", Financial Services Technology Consortium, September.

Baddeley, M. (2004), "Using E-Cash in the New Economy: An Electronic Analysis of Micropayment Systems", Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, Vol. 5, No 4, pp 239-253.

Bhatia,V. (2000), E-commerce (Includes E-Business), New Delhi: Khana Book Publishing Co.

Boly, J. P. et al., (1994), " The ESPRIT Project CAFÉ-High Security Digital Payment System", ESORICS 94, Third European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, Brighton, LNCS 875, Soring-Verlage, Berlin, pp 217-230.

Brian, M, (2000), Another E-commerce suffers Attack", intermetnews.com

Burns, S. (2002), Unique characteristics of e-commerce technologies and their effects payment systems, GSEC (GIAC Security Essentials Certification).

Cavaretta F. and de Silva, J. (1995), Market Overview of the Payments Mechanisms for the Internet Commerce.

David,J. (2001), "Information Security Issues in E-commerce", SANS GIAC Security Essentials.

Kalakota, R. (1999), Frontiers of e-commerce (Reading, Ma: Addison Wesley/Longman).

Mazumdar, C. (2003), Final technical report for project development of validated security processes and methodologies for web-based enterprises.

Michall, E. (2003), "Information Security Principles and Practices", Pearson Prentice Hall.

Paul. A. (2001), "In E-commerce We Trust...Not", E-commerce Time, February 2, 2001.

Varshney, U. (2000), Mobile commerce: a new frontier, pp 32-38












APPENDIX A: SYSTEM FLOWCHART

Start
Start


Main Screen Login
Main Screen Login
JKYesYesYesNoNoAdmin Memo ScreenAdmin Memo ScreenIncrement Login DetailsIs user Admin?Is user Exist?

J
K
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Admin Memo Screen
Admin Memo Screen
Increment Login Details
Is user
Admin?
Is user
Exist?
LLDisplay Manager Add FormNoKYesIs option Add Office?YesNoDisplay Officer Add FormIs user Admin?J

L
L
Display Manager Add Form
No
K
Yes
Is option Add Office?
Yes
No
Display Officer Add Form
Is user
Admin?
J
LLXKQuery Form SubmitDisplay Selected ConsignmentDisplay FormIs option Report?NoYesIs option Search/Edit Consignment?YesNoIs option Update Consignment?YesNoIs option Add Consignment?YesNoK

L
L
X
K
Query Form Submit
Display Selected Consignment
Display Form
Is option Report?
No
Yes
Is option Search/Edit Consignment?
Yes
No
Is option Update Consignment?
Yes
No
Is option Add Consignment?
Yes
No
K
Enter DataLIs Data Complete?NoYesSaveMFill all empty fieldsXIs option Delivered?NoYesKDisplay Delivered ListIs option Datewise?NoYesKDisplay Report DatewiseMM

Enter Data
L
Is Data Complete?
No
Yes
Save
M
Fill all empty fields
X
Is option Delivered?
No
Yes
K
Display Delivered List
Is option Datewise?
No
Yes
K
Display Report Datewise
M
M

MStop

M
Stop
APPENDIX B




Nsik Express Delivery

















 













Features


Terms


Purchase


Adverts


Platform Requirements


Complaints


FAQ


Testimonials


Contact





PARCEL TRACKING SYSTEM FOR COURIER COMPANIES DESIGNED BY PETER GODFREY OBIKE.
TONSIK EXPRESS DELIVERY
UYO, AKWA IBOM STATE







Proof of Delivery


Go Desktop


Go Mobile


Go Web


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Status Check :



Click Here



ADMIN Login :



Click here


















 



 




See attached CD for more of the source codes






APPENDIX C