PPT ICACSIS 2015 (A System Analysis and Design for Sorghum Based Nano Composite Film Production)

SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN

FOR NANOCOMPOSITE FILM PRODUCTION USING SORGHUM BIOMASS AS NANOFILLER B E L L A D I N I L O V E LY, TA U F I K D J A T N A

Graduate Program, Dept. of Agroindustrial Technology – Bogor Agricultural University

OUTLINE Motivation Problem Statement

Objective & System Entity Construction Methods Result & Discussion

Conclusion

MOTIVATION Packaging industry  petroleum (Shchipunov 2012)

Non-biodegradable  environmentally hazardous (Tang et al 2012)

Recycle constraint (Angellier et al 2013)

Fossil fuel extinction (Angellier et al 2013)

Sustainable, environmentalfriendly, new material (Angellier et al 2013)

MOTIVATION composite

(filler) CaCO3

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)

can be replaced by natural material !

SORGHUM BAGASSE

• Biodegradable • Renewable • High tensile strength • High rigidity • High reinforcing potency • Wide surface area

PROBLEM STATEMENT

1

COMPLEXITY

2

INTER– DEPENDENCIES

Any single disturbance in one step will exactly affect whole processes

SOLUTION : SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN

Arrange real world representation where the whole components & processes synchronize completely

SYSTEM ENTITY CONSTRUCTION STAKEHOLDER Researchers

INPUT Variables : 1. Hydrolysis time 2. Plasticizer ratio

BPMN

PROCESS : Sorghum-based Nanocomposite Production BPMN model

Any product properties’ improvement or not ?

(Business Process : Define process workflow in simpler, Modeling Notation) more flexible way to facilitate execution

OBJECTIVES 1

OUTPUT

To analyze the influence of (1) hydrolysis time & (2) plasticizer ratio on product properties

2

To measure critical factor ranking of nanocomposite film product properties

SA&D METHODS 1. Analysis

PRODUCT PROPERTIES SELECTION PROCESS HIERARCHY DIAGRAM

(PHD)

BUSINESS PROCESS DIAGRAM (BPD)

BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING NOTATION (BPMN)

BPMN VERIFICATION

BPMN VALIDATION

2. Design

CRITICAL FACTOR RANKING : “RELIEF”

PRODUCT PROPERTIES SELECTION 1.

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) • Crystallinity index of nanocomposite • Roles in film stability

2.

Derivative Thermo-gravimetric (DTG) • Degradation temperature of nanocomposite • Roles in packaging quality & storage application

3.

Water Vapor Permeability (WVP) • Water resistance of nanocomposite film • Roles in maintaining the shelf-life of product

PHD (Process Hierarchy Diagram)

BPD (Business Process Diagram)

BPMN

(Business Process Modeling Notation)

THE FORMULAS :

Water Vapor Permeability (WVP) WVP = [ Flux / A. P0 (RH1–RH2) ] * x where: x : film thickness (m); A : film surface area exposed to permeant (m2) P0 : vapor pressure of pure water (1753.55 Pa at 25 oC) (RH1–RH2) : relative humidity gradient used in experiment

X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Ctl = [ (I–I’) / I ] x 100% where: I : diffraction intensity assigned to (200) plane of cellulose I’ : intensity measured at 2θ – 18 * calculated in x-ray diffraction angle width of 5o to 30o (2θ) with power of 20 kV and 2mA

Derivative ThermoGravimetric (DTG) thermal stability of few amount (mg) of sample placed on aluminum glass was tested in nitrogen condition & heating rate of 10 oC per minute.

BPMN

(Business Process Modeling Notation)

For

OBJECTIVE 1

1. To analyze the influence of varied hydrolysis time & plasticizer ratio

D E P T. 2 (SWIMLANE 1)

We can control variable 1 (hydrolysis time) & then analyze its influence on 3 product properties (XRD, DTG, WVP)

D E P T. 3 (SWIMLANE 1)

We can control variable 2 (plasticizer ratio) & then analyze its influence on 3 product properties (XRD, DTG, WVP)

VERIFICATION Model Checking Output

No error or warning VERIFIED !

VALIDATION (Curvelo et al. 2001)

(Curvelo et al. 2001)

Higher crystalinity,

IMPROVEMENT !

Higher degradation temperature

IMPROVEMENT !

VALIDATION (Ghaderi et al. 2014)

Lower permeability of water content

IMPROVEMENT! VALID !

For

OBJECTIVE 2

2. To measure critical factor ranking of nanocomposite film product properties

RELIEF (CRITICAL FACTOR RANKING)

1

XRD

T (oC) 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

XRD 100 100 99 98 95 95 94

DTG 0 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.5

WVP 5.5 4 3.8 2.5 1.7 0.7 0.4

= (0+1+2+5+5+6) + (1+2+5+5+6) + (1+4+4+5) + (3+3+4) + (0-1) + (-1) ) = 60/42 =

Target Δ Δ Ο × □ □ □

1.429

7 x (100 – 94

2

WVP = (-1.5+1.8+3+3.8+4.8+5.1) + (0.2+1.5+2.3+3.3+3.6) + (1.3+2.1+3.1+3.4) + (0.8+1.8+2.1) + (-1-1.3) + (-0.3) 7 x (100 – 94) = 41.9/35.7 =

3

DTG =

1.174

(-0.1+0.3+0.3+0.35+0.4+0.5) + (0.2+0.2+0.25+0.3+0.4) + (0+0.05+0.1+0.2) + (0.05+0.1+0.2) + (-0.05+0.15) + (-0.1)

7 x (100 – 94) = 3.5/3.5 =

1

ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE Of This Model

1. Succeeded to represent whole processes of the nanocomposite production, as solution for the

complexity & interdependencies 2. Potentially contributes to cost &

time efficiency

1. Does not yet represent a

physical model (user interface) 2. Needs current

data update of 3 product properties (XRD, DTG & WVP)

CONCLUSION 1. BPMN model designed & simulated the production system of

sorghum-based nanocomposite film

2. BPMN analyzed influences of varied hydrolysis time & plasticizer ratio on 3 product properties (XRD, DTG, WVP)

RECOMMENDING REMARKS

“It is required to add more updated data of XRD, DTG & WVP product properties for more advanced model validation, & represent the system in

physical model (ex: user interface)”

Thanks for your kind attention.

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