Zootaxa 3765 (4): 360–370 www.mapress.com /zootaxa / Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press
Article
ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)
ZOOTAXA
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http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3765.4.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D2FAF956-04C5-418E-AA04-A7B40D4E8B49
Three new Nannastacidae (Crustacea: Cumacea) species from a Caribbean mesophotic ecosystem IORGU PETRESCU1, TAPAS CHATTERJEE2,4 & NIKOLAOS V. SCHIZAS3 1
‘Grigore Antipa’ National Museum of Natural History, Kiseleff 1, Bucharest 011341, Romania. Email:
[email protected] Department of Biology, Indian School of Learning, ISM Annexe, P.O. – ISM, Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India. E-mail:
[email protected] 3 Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA. E-mail:
[email protected] 4 Corresponding author 2
Abstract Examination of substrata from the mesophotic reefs of Mona Island, Puerto Rico yielded 3 new species of cumaceans, all from the family Nannastacidae: Cumella achimae sp. nov., C. victoriae sp. nov. and Nannastacus craciuni sp. nov. The 3 new species bring the total of new cumacean taxa described from the mesophotic reefs of US Caribbean to 9, highlighting the potential of mesophotic reefs as a biodiversity hotspot. For the first time we report the genus Nannastacus from the Caribbean Sea. Key words: Cumacea, new species, mesophotic cruise, tri-mix rebreathers.
Introduction Near the declining shallow water coral reefs of the Caribbean there are thriving deeper water coral communities, named mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs). These reefs, similarly to their shallow water counterparts, are characterized by macroalgae, sponges, and corals (Lesser et al. 2009, Locker et al., 2010; Sherman et al., 2010). Mesophotic coral ecosystems found on the insular and continental slopes of Caribbean islands between 30 and 100 m (Locker et al., 2010). Even at the lower depth range (70–100 m), there is enough light for photosynthesis to take place enhancing the growth of several scleractinian corals (e.g. Agaricia, Montastraea). These corals are foundation species of the MCEs providing habitat for commercially important species (e.g. groupers, snappers) (Bejarano, 2013) but also for a highly diverse macrofauna and meiofauna. Our knowledge of commercially important fish and corals observed in MCEs is improving but no systematic effort to study the macrofaunal and meiofaunal biodiversity exists. Previous work on Cumacea from Puerto Rico resulted in a total of 6 new species and 1 new genus from this area, all of them belonging to the family Nannastacidae (Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2012, 2013, 2014 in press). In this paper, we are describing 2 new species of the genus Cumella and 1 new species of the genus Nannastacus collected during the first of 3 mesophotic cruises (2010–2012) organized by the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM), the Caribbean Coral Reef Institute (CCRI) and the Department of Marine Sciences (DMS) of UPRM.
Material and methods All 3 specimens were collected during the first mesophotic cruise of UPRM-CCRI-DMS from southeast Mona Island (18°02'43.9080" N, 67°52'42.7200" W), Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea, 73.1 m depth, wash from the coral
360 Accepted by S. Gerken: 8 Jan. 2014; published: 18 Feb. 2014
Agaricia lamarcki, January 13, 2010. The coral head along with the associated encrusting sponges and algae and the lithic substrata was placed on a 1 mm and 0.125 mm sieves. The whole structure was washed with filtered seawater and the fauna retained on the 1 mm (macrofauna) and 0.125 mm sieves (meiofauna) was preserved in 95% ethanol for future morphologic work. The extracted fauna was examined under an Olympus stereomicroscope and cumacean specimens were separated. Drawings were prepared using a camera lucida on an Olympus CH-2 microscope. The terminology follows Băcescu & Petrescu (1999). All specimens are deposited in the Crustacean Collection of the "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History in Bucharest (Muzeul Naţional de Istorie Naturală "Grigore Antipa"—MGAB).
Systematics Family Nannastacidae Bate, 1866 Genus Cumella G. O. Sars, 1865 Cumella achimae sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2) Material examined. Holotype : immature female (MGAB CUM 1687), Caribbean Sea, SE Mona Island (18°02'46.0800" N, 67°52'42.7200" W), Puerto Rico, wash from coral Agaricia lamarcki, 240 ft (73.1 meters) depth, 13.01.2010. Collected by the DMS-UPRM-CCRI Trimix Rebreather diving team. Diagnosis. Carapace with 8 dorsal denticles, 4 of them smaller, placed on frontal lobe, uropodal peduncle 1.5 times of 6th pleonite, as long as rami, endopod with 2 medial setae, both rami with long terminal setae. Description. Female (Immature) Body size: 2.58 mm. Carapace (Fig. 1 A). It’s 0.36 times of entire body length, 1.75 times longer than high, 8 denticles on dorsal side, first 4 of them smaller, ocular lobe with 3 lenses, 3 teeth on antero-ventral margin. Antenna 1 (Fig. 1 B). Basal article of peduncle 0.88 times as long as rest of articles together, short accessory flagellum, missing main one. Mandible (Fig. 1 C). Pars incisiva with 3 teeth, lacinia mobilis with 2 teeth, 5 setose setae between pars incisiva and pars molaris, robust pars molaris. Maxilla 1 (Fig. 1 D). It has 5 apical setae on inner endite, 3 simple setae and 1 hand-like seta on outer endite, 2 short terminal filaments. Maxilliped 1 (Fig. 2 A). It has 5 plumose setae on medial margin of basis, 2 retinacula and 4 long robust setae on top of its endite, 5 robust setae on medial margin of carpus, propodus with 2 simple medial setae and 1 pappose outer seta, slender dactylus, with 2 terminal short setae. Maxilliped 2 (Fig. 2B). Basis little longer than rest of articles length, 1 pappose seta on medial margin of basis and merus, ischium fused with merus, 1 outer pappose seta on carpus, 1 simple short outer seta on propodus, dactylus with 3 terminal short teeth. Maxilliped 3. Missing. Pereopod 1 (Fig. 2 C). Basis 0.33 times total length, 1 simple seta on medial margin, merus 1.33 times ischium length, carpus 1.5 times merus length, propodus as long as carpus, dactylus 0.66 times propodus length, 1 terminal robust seta as long as dactylus; incompletely developed exopod. Pereopod 2 (Fig. 2D). Basis little shorter than rest of articles combined length, outer margin little serrate on apical end, merus 5 times as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on medial margin, carpus 1.2 times as long as merus, dactylus 3 times as long as propodus, 3 short simple setae on medial margin of dactylus, other 3 subapical ones and 1 long terminal seta, 1.6 times of dactylus length, with exopod. Pereopod 3 (Fig. 2 E). Basis 0.77 times as long as next 4 following articles together, merus 1.6 times as long as ischium, carpus twice as long as merus, propodus half as long as carpus, dactylus fused with terminal robust seta. Pereopod 4 (Fig. 2 F). Basis 0.55 times as long as next 4 following articles together, merus 2.1 times as long as ischium, carpus 1.86 times as long as merus, propodus half of the carpus length, dactylus fused with terminal robust seta.
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FIGURE 1. Cumella achimae sp. nov., holotype immature female. A, Body, latateral view; B, Antennule; C, Mandible; D, Maxilla 1. Scale Bars: (In mm): A, 0.25; B–D, 0.05.
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FIGURE 2. Cumella achimae sp. nov. A, maxilliped 1; B, maxilliped 2; C, pereopod 1; D, pereopod 2; E, pereopod 3; F, pereopod 4; G, pereopod 5; H, right uropod. Scales (In mm): A–B, 0.05; C, 0.1; D, 0.1; E–G, 0.1; H, 0.1.
Pereopod 5 (Fig. 2 G). Basis 0.34 times as long as next 4 following articles combined, merus 1.25 times as long as ischium, carpus 1.4 times as long as merus, propodus as long as carpus, dactylus 0.25 times of propodus length, fused with terminal robust seta. Uropod (Fig. 2 H). Peduncle 1.5 times of last pleonite length, as long as endopod, exopod 0.82 times as long as
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endopod, terminal robust seta as long as exopod length, endopod with 1 simple seta and 2 robust ones on medial margin, terminal robust seta 0.62 times of endopod length. Etymology. The species is dedicated in honor of Mihaela Achim, Petrescu’s colleague from “Grigore Antipa Museum, as a sign of utmost gratitude for all her kind help. Remarks. The new species, Cumella achimae sp. nov. belongs to the group of Cumella species with dorsal denticles on carapace reported in the Caribbean, Bermuda (Petrescu & Sterrer, 2001), Jamaica (Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994), Costa Rica (Petrescu & Heard, 2004), Belize (Petrescu, 2002) and Puerto Rico (Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2012, 2013, 2014 in press). Cumella achimae sp. nov. is closely related to C. jamaicensis Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994, in having 8 dorsal denticles on the carapace and a short uropodal peduncle, but it differs in the following characters: antero-ventral margin of carapace smooth in C. achimae versus with teeth in C. jamaicensis, pereopod 1 with fewer setae, pereopod 2 dactylus with setae only on medial margin in C. achimae versus setae on both margins in C. jamaicensis, uropodal peduncle longer (6th pleonite/peduncle: 1.5 in C. achimae versus 0.58 in C. jamaicensis), higher ratio uropodal exopod/ endopod (0.82 in C. achimae versus 0.72 in C. jamaicensis), endopod with 3 setae in C. achimae versus none in C. jamaicensis.
Cumella victoriae sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Material examined. Holotype: immature female (MGAB CUM 1688), Caribbean Sea, SE Mona Island (18°02'46.0800" N, 67°52'42.7200" W), Puerto Rico, wash from coral Agaricia lamarcki, 240 ft (73.1 meters) depth, 13.01.2010. Collected by the DMS-UPRM-CCRI Trimix Rebreather diving team. Diagnosis. Carapace with 6 dorsal denticles, smooth ventral margin, uropodal peduncle 0.78 times of last pleonite length, 1.2 times of endopod length, subequal rami, 2 setae on medial margin of endopod. Description. Body (Fig. 3 A), 3.25 mm, with smooth integument except the dorsal denticles. Carapace (Fig. 3 A), 6 dorsal denticles, long pseudorostrum, about 0.33 times carapace length, ocular lobe with 2 frontal pigmented lenses, twice longer than high, smooth ventral margin with a prominent anterior-ventral corner. Pleon, one pair of short denticles on posterior end of 1st and 2nd segment. Antenna 1 (Fig. 3 B), basal article of peduncle 0.85 times rest of articles length, short main flagellum, as long as apical article of peduncle, minute accessory one, short aesthetascs. Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 3 C). Basis 0.61 times as long as rest of articles together, short plumose seta on medial margin, 2 long plumose setae on outer margin, merus 2.5 times as long as ischium, one pappose seta on outer margin, carpus 0.83 times as long as merus, 1 pappose outer seta, propodus, 2nd longest article, 1.66 times as long as carpus, 2 pappose setae on medial margin, dactylus 0.4 times as long as propodus, terminal robust seta 1.2 times of dactylus length. With short, incompletely developed exopod. Pereopod 1 (Fig. 3 D). Basis 0.52 times as long as rest of articles combined, merus 3 times as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on outer margin, carpus 1.66 times as long as merus, propodus 0.68 times as long as carpus, dactylus 0.62 times as long as propodus, terminal robust seta as long as dactylus. With short exopod. Pereopod 2 (Fig. 3 E). Basis 0.52 times as long as rest of articles combined, merus 3.66 times as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on outer margin, carpus 1.45 times as long as merus, dactylus twice of propodus length, 0.62 times as long as carpus, 2 short simple setae on outer margin, 3 short subterminal setae, terminal robust seta 1.4 times as long as dactylus. With short exopod. Pereopod 3 (Fig. 3 F). Basis 0.55 times as long as rest of articles together, merus 1.71 times as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on medial margin, carpus 1.33 times as long as merus, propodus 1.25 times as long as carpus, dactylus 0.25 times as long as propodus, fused with terminal robust seta, 1 setule on medial margin. Pereopod 4 (Fig. 3 G). Basis 0.39 times as long as rest of articles together, merus twice of ischium length, 1 simple seta on medial margin, propodus 1.04 times as long as carpus, dactylus 0.26 times as long as propodus, 1 seta on medial margin, fused with terminal robust seta. Pereopod 5 (Fig. 3 H). Basis 0.35 times rest of pereopod length, merus twice of ischium length, one seta on medial margin, carpus 1.83 times as long as merus, 1.22 times as long as propodus, dactylus 0.31 times of propodus length, 1 seta on medial margin, terminal robust seta fused with dactylus. Uropod (Fig. 3 I). Peduncle 0.78 times as long as last pleonite, 1.2 times as long as endopod, exopod 0.93
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times as long as endopod, 1 simple seta on outer margin of basal article, terminal robust seta 0.88 times as long as exopod, 2 simple robust setae on medial margin of endopod, terminal sensory robust seta 0.65 times as long as endopod.
FIGURE 3. Cumella victoriae sp. nov. Holotype immature female A, body, latateral view; B, antennule; C, maxilliped 3; D, pereopod 1; E, pereopod 2; F, pereopod 3; G, pereopod 4; H, pereopod 5; I, left uropod. Scales (In mm): A, 0.1; B, 0.1; C, 0.05; D–H, 0.1; I, 0.05.
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Etymology. The species is dedicated in honour of Petrescu’s colleague Victoria Badea, from “Grigore Antipa Museum, as a sign of high gratitude for all her help. Remarks. Cumella victoriae sp. nov. generally resembles 4 other species of the genus Cumella from the Caribbean Sea with denticles on the carapace and uropods shorter than the last pleonite: C. jamaicensis, C. medeeae, C. zimmeri (all three species described by Petrescu, Iliffe and Sarbu in 1994) from Jamaica (Petrescu et al. 1994) and C. spinifera Petrescu & Heard, 2004 from Costa Rica (Petrescu & Heard, 2004). The new species has 2 two pigmented lenses, like other species from the Caribbean, C. hirsuta (Hansen, 1895) from Bermuda (Hansen, 1895), C. ocellata Băcescu, 1992 from Bermuda (Băcescu, 1992), C. serrata Calman, 1911 from U. S. Virgin Islands (Calman, 1911), Belize (Petrescu, 2002) and Cuba (Petrescu, 2004) and C. tripunctata Băcescu, 1971 from Florida (Băcescu, 1971) (only C. serrata with 7 denticles on carapace, but with longer uropods). Differences of selected characters between present new species and related 8 species are given in Table 1. TABLE 1. Comparison of selected characters between Cumella victoriae sp. nov. and its related species. Character
C. victoriae sp. nov.
C. hirsuta
C. jamaicensis
C. medeeae
C. ocellata
C. serrata
C. spinifera
C. tripunctata
C. zimmeri
Denticles on carapace
6
0
8
5
0
7
3
0
12
Uropodal peduncle vs. endopod
1.2
1.9
0.94
1.5
1.36
1.96
1
1.18
1.27
Key to species of Cumella genus from Western Atlantic (northern part) A number of 38 species were known from the northern part of Western Atlantic Ocean. For 33 species are known the female or both sexes. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. -
Carapace with dorsal spines and/ or tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Carapace without dorsal spines and/ or tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Two dorsal row of spines on carapace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . biserrata Petrescu, 2002 One dorsal row of spines on carapace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Carapace with spines and tubercles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ruetzleri Petrescu, 2002 Carapace with spines / tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Carapace with dorsal tubercles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vicina Zimmer, 1944 Carapace with dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Ocular lobe with frontal and lateral lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Ocular lobe with two lateral lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Uropodal peduncle twice 6th pleonite length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . longicaudata Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994 Uropodal peduncle shorter than twice 6th pleonite length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Carapace with 4–12 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Carapace with 1–3 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Carapace with 8–12 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Carapace with 4–5 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Carapace with 12 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . spinifera Petrescu & Heard, 2004 Carapace with 8 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Uropodal peduncle shorter than 6th pleonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jamaicensis Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994 Uropodal peduncle longer than 6th pleonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Uropodal endopod with 3 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . achimae n. sp. Uropodal endopod with 2 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pagani Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2014 Carapace with 5 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . medeeae Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994 Carapace with 4 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . manolelii Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2013 Carapace with 3 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . zimmeri Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994 Carapace with 1–2 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Carapace with 2 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Carapace with 1 dorsal spine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . antipai Petrescu, Iliffe & Sarbu, 1994 Uropodal peduncle setose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . somersi Petrescu & Sterrer, 2001 Uropodal peduncle glabrous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gurui Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2014
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16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. -
Carapace with serrate ventral margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Carapace with nude ventral margin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . victoriae n. sp. Carapace with 7 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . serrata Calman, 1911 Carapace with 4 dorsal spines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alexandrinae Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2012 Ocular lobe with lenses placed in two longitudinal rows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pilosa Băcescu, 1971 Ocular lobe with lenses normally placed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Ocular lobe with 5 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Ocular lobe with 1–2 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Body covered with long setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . coralicola Băcescu, 1971 Body covered with shorter setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Uropodal peduncle longer than 6th pleonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Uropodal peduncle shorter than 6th pleonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Ocular lobe with 7 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . murariui Petrescu, 2002 Ocular lobe with 3–5 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Ocular lobe with 5 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Ocular lobe with 1–3 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Carapace with a dorsal longitudinal carina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .abacoensis Petrescu, 1996 Carapace without dorsal longitudinal carina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Pereopod 5 with carpus times propodus length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . garrityi Băcescu & Muradian, 1977 Pereopod 5 with shorter carpus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Pereopod 5 carpus times propodus length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . andri Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992 Pereopod 5 carpus times propodus length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bahamensis Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992 Ocular lobe with 3 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Ocular lobe with 1–2 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Uropodal endopod with 3 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bacescui Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992 Uropodal endopod with 2 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . solomoni Petrescu, Chatterjee & Schizas, 2013 Ocular lobe with 2 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Ocular lobe with 1 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iliffei Băcescu, 1992 Pleonite 5 with 3 pigmented dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tripunctata Băcescu, 1971 Pleonite 5 without pigmented dots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Uropodal endopod with 2 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ocellata Băcescu, 1992 Uropodal endopod with 4 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hirsuta (Hansen, 1895) Ocular lobe with 5 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Ocular lobe with 2 lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . meredithi Băcescu, 1971 Right uropodal endopod .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .radui Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992 Curved uropodal endopod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . clavicauda Calman, 1911
Five species are known only by their males (C. anae Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992, C. angelae Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992, C. caribbeana Băcescu, 1971, C. leptopus Calman, 1911 and C. siankaana Donath- Hernández, 1992). 1. 2. 3. 4. -
Uropodal peduncle longer than 6th pleonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Uropodal peduncle shorter than 6th pleonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Uropodal peduncle 2 times 6th pleonite length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . leptopus Calman, 1911 Uropodal peduncle 1.4 times 6th pleonite length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .caribbeana Băcescu, 1971 Uropodal endopod with 4 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . anae Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992 Uropodal endopod with less than 4 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Uropodal endopod with 3 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . siankaana Donath- Hernández, 1992 Uropodal endopod with 2 medial setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . angelae Petrescu & Iliffe, 1992
Genus Nannastacus Bate, 1866 Nannastacus craciuni sp. nov. (Fig. 4) Material examined. Holotype: immature female (MGAB CUM 1689), Caribbean Sea, SE Mona Island (18°02'46.0800" N, 67°52'42.7200" W), Puerto Rico, wash from coral Agaricia lamarcki, 240 ft (73.1 meters) depth, 13.01.2010. Collected by the DMS-UPRM-CCRI Trimix Rebreather diving team. Diagnosis. Body covered with highly granulated tegument, basis of maxilliped 3 without outer process, protuberace 0.54 times as long as carapace on each side, placed on a plateau visible only in dorsal view, uropodal peduncle 0.6 times of last pleonite length, half of endopod length. THREE NEW CARIBBEAN CUMACEANS
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FIGURE 4. Nannastacus craciuni sp. nov. Holotype immature female A, body, latateral view; B, body, dorsal view; C, antennule; D, maxilliped 3; E, pereopod 1; F, pereopod 2; G, pereopod 3; H, pereopod 4; I, pereopod 5; J, left uropod. Scales (In mm): A, B, 0.5; C, 0.05; D–J, 0.2.
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Description. Body (Fig. 4 A), size: 1.27 mm. Carapace (Fig. 4A, B). It’s 0.44 times of total body length, 1.62 times longer than high, covered with high granulated integument, posterior protuberance 0.54 times of carapace length on each side, placed on a plateau visible only in dorsal view (Fig. 3 B), short upturned pseudorostrum, 0.4 times as long as ocular lobe, no space between each side, two groups of three lenses each, large antennal notch, anterior-ventral margin shortly serrate. Antenna 1 (Fig. 4C). Basal article of peduncle 1.33 times as rest of articles combined, 2nd article with an outer process, short main flagellum with short aesthetascs, accessory flagellum with long pedunculate setae. Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 4D). Basis 0.43 times as long as rest of articles combined together, 1 plumose seta on medial margin, 2 much longer setae on outer margin, merus 3 times of ischium length, 1 plumose seta on outer margin, carpus 0.94 times as long as merus, propodus 0.94 times as long as carpus, dactylus 0.58 times as long as propodus, terminal robust seta little shorter than dactylus, with slender exopod. Pereopod 1 (Fig. 4E). Basis 0.53 times as long as rest of articles combined together, merus 1.25 times as long as ischium, carpus 1.93 times as long as merus, 1 simple seta on medial margin, propodus 0.88 times as long as carpus, 1 simple seta on each margin, dactylus 0.6 times as long as propodus, terminal robust seta much longer than dactylus, with slender exopod. Pereopod 2 (Fig. 4F). Basis 0.57 times as long as rest of articles combined length, merus twice as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on medial margin, carpus 1.2 times as long as merus, 2 simple setae on medio-distal corner, dactylus 2.5 times as long as propodus, 9 setules and 1 simple seta on medial margin, 2 subterminal setae and one terminal robust seta 1.1 times dactylus length, with slender exopod. Pereopod 3 (Fig. 4G). Basis 0.3 times as long as rest of articles combined together, short simple seta on medial margin, merus 1.3 times as long as ischium, short simple seta on medial margin, carpus 2.87 times as long as merus, short simple seta on medial margin, propodus 0.86 times of carpus length, dactylus about half of propodus fused with its terminal robust seta. Pereopod 4 (Fig. 4H). Basis 0.27 times as long as rest of articles combined together, 1 short simple seta on medial margin, 1 simple seta on medial margin, merus 1.25 times as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on medial margin, carpus 2.5 times as long as merus, 1 simple seta on medial margin, propodus 0.8 times as long as carpus, dactylus fused with its terminal robust seta. Pereopod 5 (Fig. 4I). Basis 0.25 times as long as rest of articles combined length, 1 simple seta on medial margin, merus 1.1 times as long as ischium, 1 simple seta on medial margin, carpus 2.27 times as long as merus, propodus 0.77 times as long as carpus, dactylus fused with its terminal robust seta. Uropod (Fig. 4J). Peduncle 0.6 times last pleonite length, half of endopod length, serrate medial margin, exopod 0.53 times as long as endopod, terminal robust seta 1.25 times of exopod length, endopod with microserrate margins, 2 simple setae on medial margin, terminal robust seta 0.53 times of endopod length. Etymology. The species is dedicated in honour of Dr. Nicolae Crăciun, lecturer at the Faculty of Biology from Bucharest, Romania, as a sign of deep thanks for his kind and discreet help. Remarks. Nannastacus craciuni sp. nov. is closely related to N. atlanticus (Băcescu & Muradian, 1972) from Eastern Atlantic African coast (Băcescu & Muradian, 1972, Corbera & Sorbe, 1999). Both species have body covered with granulated or spiny tegument. Nannastacus craciuni sp. nov. mainly differs by the following characters: carapace with posterior protuberance 0.54 times carapace length on each side, placed on a plateau visible only in dorsal view, basis of maxilliped 3 without outer process, shorter uropodal endopod (endopod/ peduncle: 2 versus 2.43). This is the first report of the genus Nannastacus from the Western Atlantic, Caribbean Sea.
Acknowledgements The third author (NVS) acknowledges the NOAA’s Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research Award (No. NA06NOS4780190) to the Caribbean Coral Reef Institute (CCRI) of UPRM. Funds for hiring the vessel Nekton Rorqual during the 2010 UPRM-CCRI-DMS mesophotic cruise were provided by NOAA. NVS also thanks the Trimix Rebreather Diving Team: Ivonne Bejarano, Milton Carlo, Doug Kesling, Michael Nemeth, Clark Sherman, and Hector Ruiz for the collection of samples and Alexandra Galindo Estronza for sample sorting. We are grateful to Dr. Jordi Corbera, Catalonia, Spain and Dr. Sarah Gerken, University of Alaska, for their constructive remarks.
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