tricodema

Kfit qua nghien c i i u khoa hgc

BVTV-864/2012

2. Al Yamashita, Amporn Winotai, and Keiji Takasu, 2008. Food plants suitable for mass rearing of the coconut hispine beetle Bronsipta longissima. ln:The Recent Status and Perspectives of Food System, Agricultural Environment and Biology, Publication Center of Chungnam National University, 246-249. 3. Kazuhiko Konishi, 2009. Hymenopterous Parasitoids of the Coconut Hispine Beetle identification and history of introduction. National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Sapporo, Japan 4. Nakamura, S., Konishi, K. & Takasu, K., 2006. invasion ofthe coconut hispine tieetle, Brontispa longissima: Current situation and control measures in Southeast Asia. In Proceedings of mtemational workshop on development of database (APASD) for biological invasion, vol 3. Ed. by Ku

TY, Chiang MY, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substance Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan, Food and Fertilizer Technology Center (FFTC) for the Asia and Pacific Region, Taipei, Taiwan, 1-9. 5. Pham VSn Lam, 1995. Biin phip sinh hQC phong chdng djch hai n6ng nghiip, NXB Ndng nghiip 6. Hassell M.P., 1966. Evaluation of parasite or predator responses J. Anim. Ecol 7. Price PW, 1972 Methods of sampling and analysis for predictive results in the introduction of enlomophagous insects. Entomophaga. 8. Phgm Binh Q u y l n , 1976. D&i sdng cdn trimg, NXB Khoa hgc vfi k? thufit. Ngay nh§n bdi- 29.3.2012 Phan bien: GS.TS.Pham VSn Lam

N G H I E N C U ' U T I N H D 6 | K H A N G V A H O A T T I N H E N Z Y M E C U A C A C WlAU N A M T H U O C C H I TRICHODERMA PHAN LAP 0 ViET NAM S t u d i e s o n T h e A n t a g o n i s m a n d E n z y m e s A c t i v i t y of Trichodertna C o l l e c t e d in V i e t n a m

Isolates

T r i n Thj Van', Tang Thj Anh Tha', T r i n Thj Quynh Diep', Truang Phu-dc Thien Hofing', Phgm Thj Bich Nga', Dmh Minh Hiep^, Le Dinh D o n ' Abstract This work aimed to investigate the antagonism of Trichoderma isolates against Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora capsici fungus and to evaluate the production of hydrolytic enzymes in invitro. As a result, out of 129 isolates tested there were twenty isolates belonging to seven species of Tnchoderma determined to kill the four phytopathogenic fungi. As many as Trichoderma isolates could prevent effectively Phytophthora capsici and Rhizoctonia solani but less isolates could control Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusanum spp. Based on the enzyme activity of 79 Trichoderma isolates, we found that the antagonism and enzyme activity of each isolate were not related and the difficult to find out an isolate could produce five enzymes studied and could prevent four pathogens challenged. Isolates belonging to the species of T.virens were high effective on pathogenic fungi, therefore they could be used as biological control agents. Keywords: hydrolytic enzyme, antagonism, Trichoderma DAT 1. Vien Nghien ciiu Cdng ngh$ Sinh hoc vfi Mdi trudng Tnrong Dai hpc Nong Lam Tp. Hd Chi Minh 2. So Khoa hgc Cong nghg Tp. Ho Chi Mmh

VAN D ^

N i m Trichoderma duac s u dyng d l kilm sofit q u i n t h l dich hgi tren efie loai cfiy trdng n h l l djnh hay diing trong phan huy c h i t thai hu'u c a giiip cfiy

BVTV-864/2012

K i t qua nghifin c i i u khoa hgc

trdng h i p thu dmh dy&ng tdt han. N i m cOng d y g c diing nhu vfit lifiu d l phfin Ifip cfic gen mfi hofi enzyme chitinase, protease diing trong s i n x u l t enzyme b i n g ky thufit tfii t l hgp d- cfic qudc gia cd ky thu$t cdng nghfi cao. Tgi V10t Nam, n i m Trichoderma dugc b i t d i u quan tfim t i i nfim 1987, V i l n B i o Vfi Thyc Vfit da t i l n hfinh phfin Ifip cfic ehiing Trichoderma t i i cfic ngudn khfic nhau vfi xfic djnh k h l nfing u-c e h l cua Trichoderma ddi vdi mdl sd n i m gfiy bfinh nhu- Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolkii, Fusarium spp., Aspergillus spp .Theo Howell (2003), enzyme chitinase vfi glucanase ddng vai trd quan trgng trong tifiu di$l tfic nhfin gfiy hgi, lfim phfi v d vfich t l bfio sgi n i m vfi khdng c h i s y phfit triln cua t i n n i m . Phfin lich hfi enzyme vfi c h i t khfing khuin lfi dO' lifiu ca sdr l l quan trgng trong djnh hu'd'ng d l chgn Igc ddng Trichoderma diing trong b i o vfi thyc vfit NghiSn Cliu nfiy dugc thyc hifin vd'i mye dich xfic djnh k h l nfing ddi khfing vfi dinh lygng enzyme trong cfic m l u Trichoderma dfi thu th$p d y g c & Vifit Nam nhfim chgn Igc cfic m l u n i m ling dyng Irong s i n x u l t che p h i m sinh hgc diing trong ndng nghiip

hai lofii n i m phfit t n l n d i u nhau trfin dTa, khdng t h i y hifin t y g n g cgnh tranh hay tic c h i l l n nhau. D|nh tInh vfi s a bd djnh lugng hogt Unh mOt sd enzyme theo p h y a n g phfip do dudng kinh vdng phfin g i l l trfin mdi trydng r l n vdi cfic: ngudn c a c h i t d$c hi$u. Thi nghidm d y g c thyc hlfin vdi 3 l l n l$p lgi, mdi l l n l?ip lgi lfi 1 dTa petri cho mdi logi enzyme. Theo ddi s y phfit triln cua n i m sau 48 hofic 56 gid- vfi s i i dgng Iod 2%o Ifim thudc lhi> d l xfic djnh l y g n g tinh bgt bj phfin gili Djnh l y g n g hogt tinh chitinase, glucanase, cellulase theo p h y a n g phfip djnh lugng sin p h i m tgo thfinh tu- phfin iing thuy phfin trong mdi trudng Czapek (N L.DQng vfi ctv, 1976), d nhifit dg phdng trong 56 gid vfi quan sfit cfic vdng phfin g i l i ciia h$ enzyme thuy phfin amylase, cellulase, pectinase, chitinase, protease, p glucanase (N D.Lygng vfi cW, 2003). Phyang phfip djnh l y g n g hogt tfnh chitinase theo ElsonMorgan, protease theo Anson ( c i i tiln), pglucanase, cellulase, amylase theo phuang phfip DNS vfi d|nh l y g n g pectinase theo phyang phfip so mfiu trfin s i n p h i m cudi galacturonic (P.T.A.Hdng, 2003; N.D L y g n g vfi ctv, 2003).

VAT LIEU VA PHU'aNG P H A P NGHIEN CQU S i i dung nhiing m i u n i m Trichoderma d y g c phfin Ifip (Vfin va ctv, 2011) vfi xfic djnh tinh d l i khang dya vao k i t qua t y a n g tfic tryc t i l p giO'a sgi n i m Trichoderma v&i nam gfiy bfinh cfiy trdng Fusarium spp., Phytophthora capsici. Rhizoctonia soiani, Sclerotium rolfsii tren mdi trydng PDA (Bell vfi ctv, 1982). Nhdm ddi khfing mgnh (+++), hfi sgi Trichoderma l l n fit h$ sgi n i m gfiy bfinh, hinh thfinh vdng phfin huy d p h i n t i l p gifip. Nhdm d l i khfing trung binh (++) s y l l n fit do s y mgc phu ho0c bao vfiy h0 sgi n i m gfiy b$nh Nhdm ddi khfing y l u (+), Trichoderma phfit trien nhanh han, l l n fit nhyng khfing Ifim c h i t hofic tieu hiiy sgi n i m gfiy bfinh. Nhdm khdng ddi khfing (-), n i m gfiy bfinh phfit trien mgnh han lie che s y phfit t n l n cua Trichoderma ho$c c l

K t T QUA V A T H A O LUAN 1. K i t qua d l n h g l i t i n h d d i khfing ciia cac m l u nam Trichoderma Tdng cdng 129 m l u Trichoderma da dygc dfinh gifi tinh ddi khfing, trong dd cd 20 mfiu khfing manh vdi 4 logi n i m gfiy bfinh. N i m Rhizoctonia solani vfi Phytophthora caftsici dfi bj ky smh bdi Trichoderma spp. vdi 46,8 - 43,7%_tdng sd mau bj ky sinh, nhyng cd ft han 23% sd mfiu Trichodenna ddi khfing mgnh vdi Fusarium spp. vfi Sclerotium rolfsii. Hai lofii T. aspereilum vfi T. virens dugc xfic djnh lfi cac lofii cd n h i l u m l u ddi khfing mgnh thl hi|n trfin ca 4 lofii n i m thii thfich, va s y phfin bo rdng trong t y nhifin cua chiing cho phfip s i i dyng trang nghifin ciiu phdng trd- sinh hoc.

Bang 1. S l m l u vi kha n i n g d l i khdng cua Trichoderma v&\ n i m g&y b f n h cay Kha n^ng doi khdng Mgnh Trunq binh Yeu Khonq doi l