UMTS system architecture 15785
Descrição do Produto
UMTS System Architecture and Protocol Architecture Overview on overall system architecture – UMTS network architecture and elements – Mobile station – High-level functions – UMTS domains and strata – UMTS/GPRS protocol architecture References: • Kaaranen, Ahtiainen, Laitinen, Naghian, Niemi: UMTS Networks – Architecture, Mobility and Services. 2nd edition, Wiley 2005 • Ch 5.1: Core Network Architecture Release 3 • Ch 5.4&5.5: Core Network Architecture Release 4 and 5 • Ch 6: UMTS Terminal • Walke, Althoff, Seidenberg: UMTS – Ein Kurs. J. Schlembach Fachverlag, 2001 • 3GPP TS 23.002: UMTS network architecture (CN and AN entities) and procedures • 3GPP TS 23.101: General UMTS architecture • 3GPP TS 23.060: GPRS, Service Description • 3GPP TS 21.101/21.102/21.103: List of standards for Release 3, 4 and 5, respectively • 3GPP TR 21.905: UMTS vocabulary and abbreviations UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
1
UMTS/GSM Network Architecture
Base station
Base station
ISDN
Base station controller
Base station
MSC
GSM Core (Circuit switched)
GSM RAN
GMSC
HLR AuC EIR
node B node B
node B
UMTS Networks
Radio network controller
UTRAN
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
SGSN
Internet GPRS Core (Packet Switched) Oct-11
GGSN
2
UMTS System Architecture Mobile Station (MS): • radio interface • service control and user interface
Radio Access Network (RAN): • radio-specific functions
data networks ISDN network
USIM
mobile network
UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM): • subscriber-specific data • support of authorized access to network UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Core Network (CN): radio-independent functions • transport • mobility management • subscriber data • service control Oct-11
3
Gi
Circuit switched CN
GGSN
AuC C PSTN
H
VLR
B
Gr
Gf Gs
B
MSC
Gn
EIR F
G
Gc
HLR
PSTN
D
VLR
SGSN
MSC E
CN Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.4.0
Basic Configuration, Release 3
GMSC
Gp
Packet switched CN
UMTS Network Architecture
PSTN
A
GSM RAN
Gb
RNS
BSS
Iur
BSC
RNC
Abis
BTS
RNC
Iub
BTS
Node B cell
Um UMTS Networks
IuPS
IuCS
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Uu
Oct-11
Node B
UTRAN 4
Mobile-services Switching Centre (MSC) Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
An exchange performing all the switching and signalling functions (CS only) for mobile stations MSC controls mobile-originated and mobile-terminated CS calls Functions – – – – – – –
call management mobility management (handling attach and authentication) subscriber administration maintenance of charging data (for radio network usage) CS data services (FAX, modem) supplementary call services (call forwarding, etc.) SS7-based signaling
Main difference to an exchange in a fixed network: deal with mobility (e.g. location registration, handover) Gateway MSC (GMSC) – Provides interconnection between the UMTS core network and external PSTN/ISDN networks UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
5
GPRS Support Node (GSN)
Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
GSNs constitute the interface between the radio access network and the fixed networks for packet switched services (similar to MSC for CS calls) Serving GSN (SGSN) – – – – – –
session management mobility management subscriber database management (interface with HLR) maintenance of charging data (for radio network usage) IP-based transport of user data between SGSN and the UTRAN IP- or SS7-based signaling transport
Gateway GSN (GGSN) – gateway for UMTS packet service to external data networks (e.g. the Internet) – IP interface towards SGSN – performs user data screening and security – maintenance of charging data (for external data network usage) UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
6
Home Location Register (HLR)
Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
Home (primary) data base in charge of the management of mobile subscribers Basic information: • International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) • CS subscription information – one or more Mobile Subscriber International ISDN number(s) (MSISDN) • PS subscription information – zero or more Packet Data Protocol (PDP) address(es) – permission for GGSN to dynamically allocate PDP addresses for a subscriber • location information enabling the charging and routing of calls towards the MSC or SGSN where the MS is registered (e.g. VLR Number) Other information: • teleservices and bearer services subscription information • service restrictions (e.g. roaming limitation) • parameters attached to supplementary services UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
7
Visitor Location Register (VLR)
Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
(Secondary) data base supporting the management of mobile subscribers currently located within its VLR area Motivation: minimize load for HLR (i.e. of the primary data base) Tasks: • control MSs roaming in an MSC assigned to it • exchange information with HLR to allow the proper handling of calls Information maintained by VLR (for call handling): – – – – – – –
International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Mobile Station International ISDN number (MSISDN) Mobile Station Roaming Number (MSRN) Temporary Mobile Station Identity (TMSI), if applicable location area where the mobile station has been registered the last known location and the initial location of the MS supplementary service parameters attached to the mobile subscriber (received from the HLR)
UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
8
Authentication Centre (AuC)
Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
Stores data for each mobile subscriber – to authenticate the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) – to support ciphering of the communication over the radio path The AuC transmits the data needed for authentication and ciphering via the HLR to the VLR, MSC and SGSN which need to authenticate a mobile station AuC is associated with an HLR, and stores an identity key for each mobile subscriber The AuC communicates solely with its associated HLR (H-interface)
UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
9
Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
Logical entity storing the International Mobile Equipment Identities (IMEIs) Equipment is classified as – white listed: serie number of equipment – grey listed: equipment tracked by network – black listed: barred equipment – unknown to EIR
UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
10
Other CN entities
Source: 3GPP 23.002-3.5.0
SMS Gateway MSC (SMS-GMSC) – gateway between Short Message Service Center and PLMN – deliver SMSs from service center to MS SMS Interworking MSC (SMS-IWMSC) – gateway between PLMN and Short Message Service Center – deliver SMSs from MS to service center Interworking Function (IWF) – associated with MSC – supports interworking of PLMN with fixed networks, e.g. ISDN, PSTN, PDN (protocol conversion) Border Gateway (BG) – PS gateway to other PLMNs – firewall functionality Charging Gateway Functionality (CGF) – collects charging records from SGSNs and GGSNs UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
11 o
Radio Network System (RNS) Provide access to the UMTS terrestrial radio interface Radio Network Controller (RNC) • (Radio) mobility management • Management of radio resources
Core Network
Iu
Iu RNS
RNS
UTRAN
Iur RNC Iub Node B
RNC Iub
Iub
Node B
Node B
Iub Node B
Base Station (Node B) • Radio coverage of cells • Physical layer processing UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
12
Mobile Station (MS) Mobile station (MS)/ User Equipment (UE) physical equipment used by a PLMN subscriber
Mobile Equipment (ME) radio transmission and application Mobile Termination (MT) functions for radio transmission and management of the radio interface, e.g. the handset
ITU-T Recommendyer
Terminal Equipment (TE) support for end-to-end application functions necessary for the operation of the access protocols by the user, e.g. a laptop
UE
Mobile Equipment (ME)
Terminal Equipment (TE)
R
Mobile Termination (MT)
Uu
T A F
Access Network
Cu
UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) user identity contains data and procedures to unambiguously and securely identify itself UMTS Networks
USIM
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Terminal Adaptation Functions (TAF) (service dependent) • mapping of terminal requests on network capabilities • flow control/rate adaptations Oct-11
13 o
UMTS High-level Functions (PS Domain) Network Access Control Provide means by which a user is connected to a telecommunication network • Registration Association of Mobile ID with the user's packet data protocol(s) and address(es) within the PLMN, and with the user's access point(s) to the external PDP network • Authentication and Authorisation Identification and authentication of the service requester, and the validation of the service request type • Admission Control Check available network resources required to provide the quality of service (QoS)
UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
•
•
•
•
Message Screening A screening function with filtering out unauthorised or unsolicited messages (firewall) Packet Terminal Adaptation Adaptation of data packets suitable for transmission across the packet domain network Charging Data Collection Collection of data necessary to support subscription and/or traffic fees Operator Determined Barring Limitation of the service provider's financial risk with respect to new subscribers or to those who have not promptly paid their bills by restricting a particular packet-switched service
Oct-11
14
UMTS High-level Functions (PS Domain) Packet Routing and Transfer Determining and using the route for transmission of a message within and between the PLMN(s) • Relay Forwarding of data received from one node to the next node in the route • Routing Selection of the transmission path for the "next hop" in the route using the destination address of the message • Address Translation and Mapping Conversion of one address to another address of the same or different type, i.e. to convert an external network protocol address into an internal network address
UMTS Networks
•
•
• •
Encapsulation/Decapsulation Addition/removal of address and control information to a data unit for routing packets within and between the PLMN(s) and between the SGSN and the MS Tunneling Transfer of encapsulated data units within and between the PLMN(s) from the point of encapsulation to the point of decapsulation A tunnel is a two-way point-to-point path Compression Optimisation of radio path capacity Ciphering Preservation of the confidentiality of user data and signalling across the radio channels
Mobility Management • Keep track of location of MS Radio Resource Management • Management of radio resources
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
15
UMTS Functional Entities: Domains Domain: grouping of physical entities of the system
Air Interface
Radio Access Network (RAN)
Home Network Domain [Zu]
Cu
Uu
Iu
[Yu]
Serving Network (SN) Domain
USIM Domain
Mobile Equipment Domain
Access Network (AN) Domain
User Equipment (UE) Domain
Transit Network Domain
Core Network (CN) Domain
Infrastructure Domain Source: 3GPP 23.101-4.0.0
UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
16
Functions of the UMTS Domains Infrastructure domain – Access network (AN) domain: functions specific to access technique – Core network (CN) domain: functions independent of access technique Access network domain – physical entities managing the resources of the access network – provides the user with a mechanism to access the core network domain Serving network (SN) domain – part of the CN domain to which the AN domain that provides the user’s access is currently connected – responsible for routing calls and transport user data/information from source to destination – provides CN functions that are local to the user’s access point (i.e. SN changes when the user moves) Home network (HN) domain – provides CN functions that are conducted at a permanent location regardless of the location of the user’s access point (i.e. does not change due to user mobility) – contains user-specific data and is responsible for management of subscription information – handle home-specific services, not offered by the serving network domain User Services Identity Module domain (USIM) – related to the home network domain by subscription UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
17
Functional Communication between UMTS domains Protocols and functions related to the handling and storage of subscription data and possibly home network specific services
“Home Stratum” USIM - HN USIM - MT
MT - SN
SN - HN
Protocols and functions to
“Serving Stratum” USIM - MT
route and transmit data/information (user
MT - SN
or network generated) from source to destination
Transport of user data and network control signalling
“Transport Stratum” “Access Stratum” MT - AN
USIM
MT/ME
AN - SN
Access Network Domain
Strata concept: • grouping of functions • grouping of respective protocols UMTS Networks
• functions related to subscription data management, customer care, including billing and charging, mobility management and authentication • functions to allow domains other than the home network domain to act on behalf of the home network
Serving Network Domain
Home Network Domain
• error correction and recovery • encrypt data over the radio interface and in the infrastructure part • adaptation of data to use the supported physical format • transcoding of data to make efficient use of, e.g. the radio interface
Parts of infrastructure, user equipment and protocols specific to the access technique • provides services related to the transmission
of data over the radio interface and the management of the radio interface
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Source: 3GPP 23.101-4.0.0 Oct-11
18 o
ow1
Functional Communication between UMTS domains
End-to-end protocols and
Application Stratum
functions which make use of services provided by the home, serving and transport strata and infrastructure to support services and/or value added services.
Application
The functions and protocols within the application stratum may adhere to GSM/UMTS standards such as MExE or may be outside the scope of the UMTS standards.
“Serving Stratum” TE - MT
MT - SN
“Transport Stratum” “Access Stratum” MT - AN
AN - SN
MT
TE Mobile Equipment Domain
Access Network Domain
Serving Network Domain
Transit Network Domain
Remote Party
Source: 3GPP 23.101-4.0.0 UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
19 o
Folie 19 ow1
Hier ist das Serving Stratum seltsam! Oliver Waldhorst; 17.10.2011
UMTS Protocol Architecture We will focus on the packet switched mode here
References: • Kaaranen, Ahtiainen, Laitinen, Naghian, Niemi: UMTS Networks – Architecture, Mobility and Services. Wiley 2001, Ch. 5.1 • Walke, et al: UMTS – ein Kurs, Ch. 5 (air interface only) • 3G TS 23.060: GPRS, Service Description UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
20
User Plane Bearer Services – Overview UMTS TE
MT
UTRAN
CN Gateway
CN Iu EDGE NODE
TE
End-to-End Service
TE/MT Local Bearer Service
Radio Access Bearer Service
UMTS Networks
External Bearer Service
UMTS Bearer Service
Radio Bearer Service
Iu Bearer Service
UTRA FDD/TDD Service
Physical Bearer Service
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
CN Bearer Service
Backbone Bearer Service
Oct-11
21
Bearer Services – Analogy with Public Transportation UMTS TE
MT
UTRAN CNtaxi Iu Combo ticket: bus and EDGE NODE
Taxi, bus and train combo: singleCNticket, single TE reservation, Gateway same service everywhere
End-to-End Service
TE/MT Local Bearer Service
External Bearer Service
UMTS Bearer Service
Radio Access Bearer Service
CN Bearer Service
Walk to taxi
Taxi: Flat – bus stop
Radio Bearer Service
Iu Bearer Service
UTRA FDD/TDD Service
Physical Bearer Service
Taxi with driver UMTS Networks
Backbone Bearer Service
Bus: Bus stop – railway station
Bus with driver
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Train: Station – station
For each bearer: • specific attributes (delay, bandwidth, guarantees, etc. • specific reservation mechanism 22 Oct-11
MS-RNS-SGSN-GGSN – User Plane Application
E.g., IP, PPP
E.g., IP, PPP Relay
Relay
PDCP
PDCP
GTP-U
GTP-U
GTP-U
GTP-U
RLC
RLC
UDP/IP
UDP/IP
UDP/IP
UDP/IP
MAC
MAC
AAL5
AAL5
L2
L2
L1
L1
ATM
ATM
L1
L1
Uu
MS
Iu-PS
UTRAN
Gn
Gi
3G-GGSN
3G-SGSN
Source: 3GPP 23.060-4.1.0 UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
23
MS-RNS-SGSN-GGSN – User Plane Application
E.g., IP, PPP
E.g., IP, PPP Relay
Relay
PDCP
PDCP
GTP-U
GTP-U
GTP-U
GTP-U
RLC
RLC
UDP/IP
UDP/IP
UDP/IP
UDP/IP
MAC
MAC
AAL5
AAL5
L2
L2
L1
L1
ATM
ATM
L1
L1
Uu
Iu-PS
GTP-U (GPRS Tunneling plane): MS UTRAN Protocol for User 3G-SGSN • tunneling of user data between UTRAN and the 3G-SGSN • tunneling between the GSNs in the backbone network Source: 3GPP 23.060-4.1.0 • encapsulation of all PDP PDUs UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
Gn
Gi
3G-GGSN
24
MS-RNS-SGSN-GGSN – User Plane Application
E.g., IP, PPP Relay PDCP
PDCP
GTP-U
RLC
RLC
UDP/IP
MAC
MAC
AAL5
L1
L1
ATM
Uu
MS
UTRAN
PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol): E.g., IP, PPP(wrt • provides protocol transparency the underlying radio-interface Relay protocols) for higher-layer protocols • support forGTP-U e.g., IPv4, PPP and IPv6 GTP-U GTP-U (easy introduction of new higherlayer protocols) UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP • compression of control information L2 AAL5 compression) L2 (header • no ATM user data L1 compression in Iu L1 mode Iu-PS (because the data compression Gn Gi 3G-GGSN 3G-SGSN efficiency depends on the type of user data)
Source: 3GPP 23.060-4.1.0 UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
25
MS-RNS-SGSN-GGSN – User Plane Application
E.g., IP, PPP
E.g., IP, PPP RelayControl): RLC (Radio Link RLC GTP-U protocol GTP-U provides logical GTP-U link GTP-U control over the radio interface There may be several simultaneous UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP RLC links per MS; each link is identified L2 AAL5 by a AAL5 Bearer Id L2
Relay PDCP
PDCP
RLC
RLC
MAC
MAC
L1
L1
ATM
Uu
MS
Source: 3GPP 23.060-4.1.0 UMTS Networks
UTRAN
ATM
L1
L1
Iu-PS Gn MAC (Medium Access Control): 3G-GGSN 3G-SGSN MAC protocol controls the access signaling (request and grant) procedures for the radio channel
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
Gi
26
MS-RNS-SGSN-GGSN – Control Plane
GMM / SM / SMS
GMM / SM / SMS
Relay RRC
RRC
RANAP
RANAP
GTP-C
GTP-C
RLC
RLC
SCCP
SCCP
UDP
UDP
MAC
MAC
Signalling Bearer
Signalling Bearer
IP
IP
AAL5
AAL5
L2
L2
ATM
ATM
L1
L1
L1
L1 Uu
MS
UMTS Networks
Gn or Gp
Iu-Ps
RNS
3G SGSN
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
GSN
Oct-11
GSN
27 o
MS-RNS-SGSN – Control Plane GMM (GPRS Mobility Management): – GMM supports mobility management functionality such as attach, detach, security, and routing area update SM (Session Management): – SM supports PDP context activation and deactivation SMS supports short message service GTP-C (GPRS Tunneling Protocol for Control plane): – establish, manage and release GTP tunnels RANAP (Radio Access Network Application Protocol): – transport of higher-layer signalling – handling of signalling between the 3G-SGSN and UTRAN – management of the GTP connections on the Iu interface RRC (Radio Resource Control): – Information Broadcast (AS and NAS) – RRC connection management (setup, release, reconfiguration) – Radio Bearers management (setup, release, reconfiguration) – Management of radio resources for the RRC connection – RRC connection mobility functions – Paging/notification Source: 3GPP 23.060-4.1.0 UMTS Networks
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
Oct-11
28
UMTS Protocol Architecture: The Complete Picture (Packet Switched) Uu
Node B
Iub
Iups
RNC
SM SM
SM MM
IP
PMM MM
PMM SM
PDCP
RRC RRC
RRC RRC
RLC codec RLC
RLC RLC
MAC MAC ALCAP
ALCAP
STC.2 NBAP ALCAP NBAP FP FP PHY PHY
AAL2 AAL2
UDP
Phy-up Phy-up
STC.2 ALCAP
SSCF-UNI SSCF SSCF
SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP
SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL5
AAL5 AAL5 AAL5
IP GTP-U
RANAP FP
RANAP
SCCP SCCP
GTP-C
Q2150.1 UDP
Q2150.1 GTP-U
GTP-C
UDP
FP
AAL2 AAL2 AAL2
User Plane
MTP3-b MTP3B
SSCF-N SSCF
SSCF-N SSCF
SSCF
SSCOP
SSCOP SSCOP
SSCOP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL5
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
MTP3BIP
AAL5 AAL5 AAL5
Q2150.1 Iu UP MTP3BIP SSCFQ2150.1 SSCOP L2 AAL2
AAL5
L2
ATM ATM
STM-1 E1
Transport Plane
Q2150.1
MTP3-b IP FP
SCCP SCCP
ATM ATM
E1/ STM-1 E1
UMTS Networks
NBAP NBAP
SSCF-UNI SSCF SSCF
ATM ATM
Control Plane
GTP-U
GGSN
MAC MAC
Phy-up Phy-up
PHY PHY
PDCP
Gn
SGSN
STM-1
L1
L1
E1
Common
Oct-11
29 o
UMTS Protocol Architecture: The Complete Picture (Circuit Switched) Uu
codec
Iub
Node B
CM SM MM MM RRC RRC
MM SM
RANAP
RLC RLC MAC MAC ALCAP AA
FP
ALCAP NBAP
SSCF-UNI SSCOP
PHY AAL2
AAL5
SSCF-UNI SSCF SSCF SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP AAL5 AAL5 AAL5
STC.1
SCCP
Iu UP
MTP3-b FP FP
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP AAL2 AAL2 AAL2
AAL5
ATM ATM STM-1 E1
E1
User Plane
Phy-up Phy-up
Transport Plane
Oliver Waldhorst, Jens Mückenheim
RANAP ALCAP
ALCAP
NBAP STC.2 NBAP ALCAP
ATM
UMTS Networks
codec
RRC RRC
STC.2
Control Plane
3G-MSC
CM MM
RLC codec RLC MAC MAC Phy-up Phy-up
PHY PHY
Iucs
RNC
Iu UP SCCP STC.1 SCCP Q2150.1 Iu UP MTP3B MTP3B MTP SSCF-NNI SSCF SSCF SSCOP SSCOP AAL5 AAL2 AAL5 AAL5 AAL2 ATM ATM STM-1 E1
Common
Oct-11
30 o
Lihat lebih banyak...
Comentários
