Zooarchaeological study of Oficina do Senhor Carrilho, an urban medieval islamic site (Loulé, Portugal)

Zooarchaeological study of Oficina do Senhor Carrilho, an urban medieval islamic site (Loulé, Portugal) h

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çatrícia kleixo - ;sabel Kuzia v ‘aria 6oão Valente

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hó %aculdade de Giências 'umanas e Sociais- Universidade do klgarveó TóGâmara ‘unicipal de Kouléó fó GDkkGç q Gentro de Dstudos de krqueologia- krte e Giências do çatrimónioó Gontacty patriciasaleixo4hotmailócom

Location The archaeological site of 5ficina do Senhor Garrilho is located in the historical centre of Koulé- in klgarve âSouth çortugalpó This site was excaveted in h77w- as an emergency intervention- during which two cesspits were discoveredó These pits had a collection of klmohad ceramics-metal- bone and stone artifacts- and faunal remainsó

Discussion

Zooarchaeological Data ;n this study- we analised h9h@ remains - from which 9fw were classified âá;Sçpó The majority belongs to rabbit âOryctolagus cuniculusp and to red deer âCervus elaphus)ó Gaprine remains âgoat- Capra hircus and sheep- Ovis ariesp are also abundant in the collectionó %ollowing the parameters summarised by Zeder v Kapham âT@h@p and Zeder v çilaar âT@h@p- we were able to differentiate hO goat and hf sheeps remainsó The other identified taxa are by order of abundancey rooster âGallus gallusp- horse and donkey âDquus caballus and Equus asinusp- pig and:or wild boar âSus sp.p and cat âFelis catuspó The fish remains were classified by Sónia Wabriel âKkRG: RWGçpy pink dentex âRentex guibbosusp is the most commonfollowed by othrers like hake âMerluccius merlucciusp- tope shark âGaleorhinus galeusp- shade fish âArgyrosomus regiusp and other Sparidaeó The body parts of rabbit- red deer- caprine and rooster are very diversified with a high number of cranial bonesappendicular elements and some axial bonesó Dquids and swine are represented especially by appendicular elements âradius- pelvis- metatarsals and other bonespóGat is only represented by T mandibles- h maxilla and h ulnaó kbout hhU of the collection present cut marks- observed in different animalsy red deer- caprines- rooster- equids- rabbit and swineó klmost fU of remains show carbonization evidences âobserved in rabbit- equids- red deer and caprinespó The estimated age shows that mostly identified species are adult animalsó We followed the age groups proposed by 5gGonnorâh799p and used several authors for their estimationy çayne âh7wfp and Wrant âh79Tp for caprines8 Silver âh7)7p and /arone âh7w)p for swine and an adaptation of /owen et aló âT@h)p who studied the tooth wear of fallow deer âDama damap - for red deeró

The present study shows a very interesting and curious context-being quite different from other ‘edieval ;slamic contexts known in the regionó 'unting activities are well documented by red deeró Rue to the total absence of cattle- deer is the largest source of meat in the collectionó knother animal to take into account is rabbit- it holds the highest number of identified specimens- but we are not certain of its status âwild or captivepó The abundance caprines and rooster is quite common in ‘edieval ;slamic contextsó The presence of swine âspecially with cut marksp- most certainly indicates that it was consumedó klthough swine is considered impure by the Boran- it is also known that in case of need these animals could be consumedó klso- we cannot be sure of the religion followed by the people how ate these animalsó Koulé had several communities and mozarabs- for instance- should be one of themó The presence of horse with cut marks may indicate that it was consumed- but we should also consider the use of other horse products- such as tendons- bone or skinó ks for donkeyonly a remain was identified âwithout any visible modificationspthus not allowing further discussionó Goncludingy the fauna collection from 5ficina do Senhor Garrilho is unusual and may result from a particular situation âeógó banquet after a big hunting tripp- or as food leftovers by a distinct group within the inhabitants of klq‘Ulya â‘edieval ;slamic name for Koulépó k better assessment of its details can only be achieved after the full study of the other associated materialsó

Aknowledgements Sónia Wabriel âKkRG:RWçGp for the identification of the fish remains.

hó ‘andible of Capra hircus with cut marksó Tó Keft and right mandible of Felis catus fó Ristal epiphysis femur of Cervus elaphus with carbonization marksó

References: /ranco- Ró- Valente ‘ó 6ó- T@hfó knálise Zooarqueológica dos vertebrados e invertebrados do material proveniente do sítio islâmico da Gasa das /icas âKoulé- çortugalp- iny ‘edina Rosales- áó âDdóp- ktas do V;; Dncuentro krqueologia Rel Suroeste- 7f(q7O7óRavis- Só 6ó ‘ó- Wonçalves- ‘ó 6ó- Wabriel- Só- T@@9ó knimal remains from a ‘oslem period âhTth:hfth century kRp lixeira âgarbage dumpp in Silves- klgarve- çortugal”ó Revista çortuguesa de krqueologia hh- h9fqT(9ó ‘artins- Só- T@hfó Dstudo krqueofaunístico do Gastelo deSalir âKoulépy Gontribuição para o conhecimento da dieta islâmicaó Rissertação de ‘estradoó Universidade do klgarveó çereira- Vó- T@hhóDstudo Zooarqueológico de Gomunidades ;slâmicas no klgarveRissertação de ‘estradoó Universidade do klgarveó