Incidenza dell’antico dialoghi di storia greca
anno 13, 2015
Incidenza dell’Antico dialoghi di storia greca anno 13, 2015 Pubblicazione annuale Registrazione del Tribunale di Napoli n. 5337 del 14.10.2002
ISSN: 1971-2995
Abbreviazione assegnata da l’Année Philologique: IncidAntico
www.incidenzadellantico.it Direzione Alfonso Mele (direttore responsabile), Maurizio Giangiulio Comitato scientifico Corinne Bonnet, Luisa Breglia, Riccardo Di Donato, Mario Lombardo, Mauro Moggi, Nicola F. Parise, Pascal Payen, Domingo Plácido, Angela Pontrandolfo, Paolo Scarpi Comitato editoriale e di redazione Maurizio Bugno, Eduardo Federico, Marcello Lupi, Gabriella Pironti, Vittorio Saldutti, Amedeo Visconti Impaginazione Serena Cuoppolo Tutti i saggi e le note proposti per la pubblicazione su Incidenza dell’Antico sono soggetti a peer review obbligatoria da parte di due referees, di cui almeno uno esterno al comitato scientifico della rivista. Il referaggio è a doppio anonimato e i referees sono individuati, in stretta relazione agli specifici àmbiti di studio, fra studiosi e cultori di riconosciuta competenza. Incidenza dell’Antico pubblicherà ogni due anni sul proprio sito internet, sotto forma di elenco collettivo, una lista dei referees intervenuti, senza che sia esplicitato l’abbinamento con i contributi esaminati. L’elenco dei referees anonimi è a disposizione degli enti di valutazione scientifica nazionali e internazionali. Per ogni informazione e comunicazione, nonché per l’invio di dattiloscritti e libri, si prega di far riferimento al seguente indirizzo: Incidenza dell’Antico, via Carlo Poerio 110, 80121 Napoli; email:
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SOMMARIO
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9 53 81
111 121 139 163
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191 197 203
Abstracts Saggi Alfonso Mele, Eforo e le colonie d’Occidente I Giorgia Proietti, Gli epigrammi ateniesi, la Stoa Poikile ed Erodoto Vittorio Saldutti, Sul demagogo e la demagogia in età classica. Una sintesi critica Note Marcello Lupi, Tucidide tassiarco? Marcello Valente, Nicia oikonomos. Politica e oikonomia nell’Atene del V secolo Morris Silver, ‘Living apart’, apeleutheroi and paramone-clause. A Response to Canevaro and Lewis Dario Nappo, Jotabe and Leuke Kome. Customs gates from Byzantine to Roman time Rassegne Alessandra Avagliano, Immaginare Pompei. La percezione delle antichità vesuviane a partire da tre volumi recenti Recensioni Eforo di Cuma nella storia della storiografia greca, a cura di P. de Fidio e C. Talamo, con la collaborazione di L. Vecchio (Amedeo Visconti) Donum Mycenologicum. Mycenaean Studies in Honour of Francisco Aura Jorro, edited by A. Bernabé, E.R. Lujàn (Matilde Civitillo) Federica Fontana, Tra autonomia e dinamiche regionali. Storia di Fliunte dall’VIII al IV secolo a.C. (Anna Smeragliuolo Perrotta)
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207 210 213
sommario
Léopold Migeotte, Les finances des cités grecques aux périodes classique et hellénistique (Bianca Borrelli) Carmine Pisano, Hermes, lo scettro, l’ariete. Configurazioni mitiche della regalità nella Grecia antica (Luigi Spina) Damiana Baldassarra, Dal Saronico all’Adriatico: iscrizioni greche su ceramica del Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Adria (Giulia Tozzi)
ABSTRACTS
Alfonso Mele, Eforo e le colonie greche d’Occidente I [9-51] In his Histories (namely in the book IV), Ephorus had to linger on the events connected to the birth of the Greek settlements in southern Italy and Sicily. His account on the matter was certainly treated with great respect. In fact, Polybius assesses (XXXIV 1,3) that Ephorus was reputed to be a highly regarded author on subjects such as foundations, migrations, kinship, archegeteses. This paper is intended as the first part of a wider work, and aims to investigate the narration of Ephorus on the Greek colonization of the West, as it can be recovered from the fragments of the Cuman historian, and from the secondary tradition, starting from the Iambs to Nicomedes (i.e. the Perigesis of the so called Pseudo-Scymnus). As it emerges from the words of their author, as well as from the account as a whole and from the details, the secondary tradition follows in the footsteps of Ephorus, when describing the stories of the western apoikiai. Ephorus – apoikiai – Magna Graecia – Sicily – Iambs to Nicomedes Giorgia Proietti, Storie su Maratona. Gli epigrammi ateniesi, la Stoa Poikile ed Erodoto [53-80] Herodotus’ account of the battle of Marathon, when compared to the far much richer and consistent narration of the events belonging to the second Persian Wars, is mostly considered as scarce and imprecise. The relationship between Herodotus and the Athenian tradition concerning Marathon is therefore described in terms of discontinuity: due to several reasons, the historian was not able, or did not want, to recount more in detail the fight at Marathon. In light of a renewed analysis of the Athenian memorials dating to the ’70-’60s (IG I3 503/4, SEG LVI 430 and the Painted Stoa), this study highlights an important aspect of continuity between Herodotus and the Athenian post-war tradition: in contrast with what happened in 480/79, in 490 the battle was fought outside the city gates, and Athens was prevented from burning. Persian Wars – Marathon – narratives – Athens – Pentecontaetia
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abstracts
Vittorio Saldutti, Sul demagogo e la demagogia in età classica. Una sintesi storica [81-110] Since their birth, in the last decades of Vth Century, the words demagogue and demagoguery built a coherent and negative picture of the leading politicians of Athens during the Peloponnesian war, but from different points of view: against the portrait made by Aristophanes of the demagogues as uneducated, corrupted speakers mainly involved in the internal struggle, Thucydides underscores their use of a violent rhetoric to support an aggressive foreign policy. The aim of this article is to investigate how these different ideas about demagogy developed through the Vth and the IVth Centuries in the political, historical and philosophical debate, and produced the theoretical concept of demagogue as a bad politician who is leaded by the people. demagogue – demagogy – political debate – Athenian imperialism – history of ideas Marcello Lupi, Tucidide tassiarco? [111-120] The large amount of details of Thucydides’ presentation of the Pylos campaign has often raised the question of whether the Athenian historian was an eyewitness of the facts he relates. Nevertheless, because of a serious topographical mistake, it is widely believed that Thucydides did not take part in the campaign. By focusing on some details of chapter IV 4, this paper aims to offer a different view. On the one hand, the comparison between Thucydides’ description of the Themistoklean walls (I 93) and the building of the Pylos fortification strongly suggests Thucydides’ presence at Pylos. On the other hand, the unusual reference in the same chapter to the military office of the taxiarchs, also makes it likely that in 425/4 – the year before his strategia – Thucydides was taxiarch. Greek historiography – Thucydides – autopsy – Pylos campaign – taxiarch Marcello Valente, Nicia oikonomos. Politica e oikonomia nell’Atene di V secolo [121-137] Some of the economic features described in the Greek economical literature of IV century b.C. existed already in the V century, before their conceptualization by thinkers like Xenophon, Plato and Aristotle. One of the most outstanding figures in the Attic economy of the V century was Nicias, the famous politician also known for his extraordinary wealth. Through the analysis of his political and economic activities it is possible to evaluate the relations between economy and politics and the stage of development of Attic economy in the classical age and to observe practical aspects of economic life that contributed to shape the economical thought in the following century. Nicias – Attic economy – Athenian politics – Pericles – Ischomachus
abstracts
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Morris Silver, ‘Living apart’, apeleutheroi and paramone-clause. A Response to Canevaro and Lewis [139-161] The puzzle of Demosthenes’ khoris oikountes ‘living apart’ Athenian navy inductees and their possible relationship to apeleutheroi (slaves? freedmen?) has been revisited in a number of recent articles. This long-debated theme has implications for whether privileged slaves—those granted lifestyle autonomy—constituted a distinct and significant category among slaves in classical Athens. Most recently, Canevaro and Lewis have argued that apeleutheroi were freedmen divided into two sub-groups: one sub-group ‘lived apart’ from their former owners and the other “lived with” them. The present article concludes that C&L are mistaken: the technical term apeleutheros refers only to privileged slaves who lived apart from owners and who should be identified with Demosthenes’ ‘living apart’. More generally, the discussion contributes new understanding of the nature of Greek slavery, including of the long-debated paramone-clause in slave sale contracts and of the roles of pais, therapon and ‘Plataean’. Athens – paramone – apeleutheroi – khoris oikountes – Greek slavery Dario Nappo, Jotabe and Leuke Kome: customs gates from Byzantine to Roman time [163-179] The article deals with the overall topic of the trade between the Mediterranean World and the Indian Ocean. Object of the analysis are two important toll-gates in the Red Sea, the ports of Jotabe and Leuke Kome (both in the Arabian Peninsula). The approach of this work is based on the assumption that the study of some features of the early Byzantine administration of the area can shed some light on some still obscure aspects of the Roman organization of the same area. The comparative analysis of the evidence provided by the Greek-speaking sources from different periods, in fact, show interesting similarities between the two different periods. Roman History – Byzantine History – Red Sea – Customs – International Trade
Note Marcello Lupi Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli
[email protected]
TUCIDIDE TASSIARCO?
Di due soli eventi della biografia di Tucidide non è lecito dubitare, e su entrambi è lo stesso Tucidide ad informarci. Lo storico ateniese fu colpito – ma sopravvisse – dall’epidemia che si diffuse ad Atene nel 430 (II 48,3) e, soprattutto, fu eletto stratego per il 424/3, impegnandosi in questo ruolo nella difesa degli interessi ateniesi in Tracia, minacciati dall’audace spedizione condotta dallo spartano Brasida (IV 104,4). Quanto alla questione dell’esilio ventennale che sarebbe seguito alla sua strategia dopo la perdita di Amfipoli, e che è attestato nel cosiddetto ‘secondo proemio’ (V 26,5), è ben noto lo sforzo operato da Luciano Canfora, a partire dal 1970, per dimostrare che non è Tucidide l’autore del secondo proemio e che dunque non è lui ad essere andato in esilio per vent’anni1. In questa sede, tuttavia, si rivolgerà l’attenzione non a ciò che accadde dopo il 424, ma ad un aspetto della carriera militare di Tucidide prima della sua elezione alla strategia, giacché, come ha ricordato William K. Pritchett, Tucidide «must, to merit the appointment, have seen service in many earlier campaigns, whether as hoplite, taxiarch, epibates, or trierarch»2. E benché di tale carriera non si sappia nulla, periodicamente viene suggerita la tesi – proposta da alcuni, decisamente scartata dai più – secondo la quale Tucidide avrebbe partecipato in prima persona agli eventi che ebbero luogo a Pilo e sull’antistante isola di 1 Canfora 1970 e, a titolo esemplificativo fra le innumerevoli pubblicazioni successive in cui il tema è stato ripreso ed approfondito, Canfora 1997 e 2005. 2 Pritchett 1994, 145 (il corsivo è mio).
Incidenza dell’Antico 13, 2015, 111-120
